The apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells refers to an initiative cell death process that is controlled by a series of genes, and in fact it is a kind of physiological cell death. The authors of this article reviewed and analyzed the biology characteristics and development mechanisms of the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells, summarized the research progress of the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells and exercise, so as to offer theoretical reference for exercise training and heart protecting.

Objective To analyze the data of concentric (c) and eccentric (e) peak torque of hamstring (H) and quadricep (Q) in differ-ent gender and angle after 4-week concentric and eccentric isokinetic exercise training on knee, in order to provide suggestions for the knee extensor and flexor in rehabilitation exercise prescription. Methods 28 healthy college students from May to June 2014 in our college partic-ipated in maximum concentric (n=14) or eccentric (n=14) resistance training of the right knee extensors and flexors 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The concentric strength was measured with BIODEX isokinetic dynamometer assessment system 4 at 30 °/s, 60 °/s, 90 °/s, and ec-centric strength was measured at 60 °/s, 120 °/s, 180 °/s. PT, H/Q (He/Qc, Hc/Qc) ratio and H/H (He/Hc) or Q/Q(Qe/Qc) ratio were ana-lyzed. Results Concentric isokinetic training could improve the Hc and He at 60 °/s and 90 °/s (P<0.05), and the Qe and Qc increased at 30 °/s, 60 °/s, 90 °/s respectively (P<0.01). There was no significant improvement after eccentric training (P>0.05). After concentric isokinet-ic training, the He/Qc ratio decreased at 90 °/s (P<0.05), the Hc/Qc ratio decreased at 30 °/s (P<0.05). However, there was no difference in He/Qc and Hc/Qc after eccentric contraction (P>0.05). The Qc/Qe ratio increased at 60 °/s and 90 °/s (P<0.05), and the Hc/He ratio de-creased at 90 °/s (P<0.05) after concentric training. There was no difference in Hc/He and Qc/Qe after eccentric contraction (P>0.05). There were significant differences in Hc, He, Qc, Qe and He/Qc ratio between different genders (P<0.05). Conclusion Concentric training and ec-centric training have different influences on the muscle strength after 4 weeks training. Eccentric training only can reduce the knee stability. Hc/He ratio and Qc/Qe ratio can be used to evaluate the knee muscle function. Gender should be considered into training.

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is the major etiology of non-A,non-B hepatitis.At present,neither a vaccine nor any effective therapy is available.Multi-epitope DNA vaccine(minigenes/epigenes)is a novel nucleic acid vaccine which can induces high effective cellular and humoral immune responses and has good perspective in clearing Hepatitis C virus through screening and assembling optimal antigen epitope genes(T cell、B cell epitope included).It is advanced in covering more HCV subtypes,inducing comprehensive anti-HCV immune responses and reducing the negative influence caused by irrelevant,disturbing and suppressive sequence as far as possible through selecting the most potential protective epitopes in DNA vaccine design.The recent research progress on HCV compound multi-epitope DNA vaccine and future prospects were reviewed.

AIM:To evaluate the feasibility and significance of nasal endoscope combined with Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet ( Nd:YAG ) laser in the treatment of recurrent dacryocystitis.
METHODS: Forty-eight cases (48 eyes) with recurrent dacryocystitis were treated by nasal endoscope combined with Nd:YAG laser. The tubes were kept in place for 3-6mo after operation. The follow-up time was 3-18mo.RESULTS: Symptoms was completely resolved in 46 eyes and improved in 2 eyes, the cure rate was 100%. There were no other complications.
CONCLUSION: Nasal endoscope combined with Nd:YAG laser provides an ideal therapeutic for recurrent dacryocystitis because of its many advantages such as a few complications, simple operation, no scars on face and so on and is fit for clinical application in primary hospitals.

ObjectiveTo research the protective mechanism of acupoint iontophoresis to the heart function.Methods46 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. The methods of histology, transmission electron microscope and radioimmunoassay were used respectively to observe the influence of acupoint iontophoresis on rats' heart ultrastructure.ResultsAcupoint iontophoresis could prolong rats' exertion period, protect ultrastructure of heart and prevent it from abnormal accretion. Over training would cause unbalance secreting between endothelin (ET) and calcitoningene related peptide (CGRP), while acupoint iontophoresis could improve such situation.ConclusionThe rise of exercise induced fatigue is related to many factors; acupoint iontophoresis can protect cardiac muscle, improve heart function and prevent it from exercise induced fatigue via several ways.

Objective To investigate the effects of heat preconditioning (HP) on the expression of protein kinase C (PKC) δ and PKCε in the myocardium of overload exercise rats. Methods 25 male three-month-old Sprague-Dauley rats were divided into control group (n=5), exercise group (n=10) and HP group (n=10). The expression of PKCδ and PKCε in the myocardium was detected with immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blotting 8 weeks after overload exercise. Results The expression of PKCδ significantly increased in the exercise group compared with the control group and the HP group (P<0.05). In another hand, PCR and immunohistochemistry showed the expression of PKCε in the exercise group decreased compared with the control group and the HP group (P<0.05), but it was not significantly different among the groups using Western blotting (P>0.05). Conclusion PKCs may play an important role in the HP-induced cardio-protection during overload exercise.

Objective To observe effects of acupoint transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation on endurance training of rats.Methods Rats were put in swimming groove, closed glass bottle and on movable platform, then examined exhausting time, enduring lack of oxygen time, movable platform fatigue time and avoirdupois change.Results Exhausting time, movable platform fatigue time, and enduring lack of oxygen time of experimental rats were increased (P <0.01); All of post experiment rats' avoirdupois rose obviously, but experimental group enhanced least.Conclusion The acupoint transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation has integrated acupuncture with physical therapy and has features of safety, convenience, practicality and efficiency.

Objective To study the reproductive health status in adolescents underwent repeated abortion and their psychosocial behavioral status and to understand their demanding on the knowledge of contraception, so as to provide suggestions on post abortion care. Methods From July ,2007 to May,2008,400 unmarried adolescents who visited doctors and met the following criteria were recruited in the study:①Younger than 24 years old;②Had artificial abortion at least once;③Have been pregnant for 5-10 weeks and asked for artificial abortion. Data were collected through symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90)and anonymous reproductive health questionnaire. The situation of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) were detected through gynecological examination and laboratory tests.The data was analyzed by SPSS 11.5 statistical software. Results The mean age of the subjects was 21. 18 ±2. 46 years. The mean time of previous artificial abortion was 1.96 ± 1.44,with 52% of ≥2 times. Aged less than 20 years old at the first abortion,having sex more than 3 times per week,more than 2 sex partners,and history of painless abortion were associated with repeated abortion in unmarried adolescents. The SCL-90 scores showed that the subjects had higher score of depression, terror, psychiatric symptoms, somatization, interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety and hostility factors than normal population (P < 0. 05). Of the subjects ,34. 5% had history of RTIs, and the current prevalence of RTI was 59. 5% ,and 58. 5% with one kind of RTI and 36. 0% with two kinds of RTI. Of these RTI patients,33. 5% did not present any clinical symptoms. Abortion for more than twice,first sex intercourse occurred at age younger than 18,history of RTI,sex intercourse of more than 3 time per week,multiple sex partners,especially18,history of RTI,sex intercourse of more than 3 time per week,multiple sex partners,especiallyhaving multi sex partner at the same, and poor sex sanitation were risk factors of RTI. Conclusions There are various reproductive health problems among repeated abortion adolescents in mental and physical aspects, lack of knowledge on reproductive health and contraception is the main reason. Improving post-abortion services will be helpful to prevent repeated abortion in adolescents and protect their physical and mental health.

Occupational Health Services ; methods ; organization & administration