Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of DMDAI-L in inducing the HL-60 cells apoptosis. Methods:Caspase-3 activity in HL-60 cells was measured with the enzymatic visible substrate DEVD-pNA. The fluorescence changes of mito-chondrial membrane potential (△Ψm) in HL-60 cells were investigated with the fluorescent probe JC-1. Results:The caspase-3 activ-ity was significantly increased in HL-60 cells after the DMDAI-L treatment at the concentration of 1. 25, 2. 5, 5, 10 and 20μg·ml-1 for 24h(P<0. 05). DMDAI-L could significantly reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential in HL-60 cells. Conclusion: The mechanism of DMDAI-L in inducing HL-60 cells apoptosis may involve the activation or regulation of caspase-3 activity as well as the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential in HL-60 cells within certain concentration and time range.

·AlM: To investigate the distribution and related factors of corneal spherical aberration in the age-related cataract patients, and to provide a scientific basis for the application of aspheric intraocular lens ( lOL ) in cataract surgery patients.
· METHODS: Retrospective study of 509 age -related cataract patients of 610 eyes in our hospital. Corneal spherical aberration, corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism and corneal Q -value were examined by iTrace visual function analysis. Statistical software SPSS16.0 was used to analyze statistically.
· RESULTS: The range of corneal spherical aberration was 0 ~1.800μm. The mean coefficient of corneal spherical aberration was 0.266 ±0.010μm. Corneal spherical aberration was no significantly correlation with age, corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism ( r =0.71, 0.56, 0.93, P>0.05 ). There was positive correlation between corneal spherical aberration and Q-value ( r=0.086, P=0.03).
· CONCLUSlON: Corneal spherical aberration varied greatly among age-related cataract patients.The choice of asphericity intraocular lens should be a matter of personal choice.

Objective To improve the scientific literature novelty assessment by studying the characteristics and novelty of researches in clinical medicine.Methods The objects, levels, locations, methods and novelty of 380 scientific literature novelty assessment files in Library of Guilin Medical College from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed by chi-square test.Results The novelty of researches was mainly manifested as an effect index in 2012-2013 and as an in-tervention factor in 2014(x2=110.12, P<0.01).The novelty of effect index was mainly manifested as a compre-hensive index in 2012-2013 and as a sensitivity index in 2014(x2=44.10, P<0.01).Conclusion Understanding and keeping abreast of the characteristics and novelty of researches in clinical medicine can serve them better and more effectively encourage their innovation .

Guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) is an interferon induced protein, that belongs to the guany late-binding protein family. GBP1 is widely involved in anti-infection immune responses, anti-tumor activity and various biological reactions. Recent studies have proved that IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, IL1alpha, IL1beta, TNF-alpha and LPS can induce GBP1 expression; hence, the diverse biological functions of GBP1 have been gradually deduced and exploited. Many studies have been performed over recent years to understand the exact mechanisms that underlie the anti-infection and anti-tumor properties of GBP1. This review describes the molecular structure, biological activity, anti-infective properties and other functions of GBP1, in order to provide insights into the divergent roles of GBP1 in the regulation of various biological processes.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferons ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To study the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on metabolism of aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1) in Wistar rats. Methods:Seventy one Wistar rats were divided into three groups at random: group A (AFB_1 group), group B (AFB_1+EGb761 group), and group C (control group). The rats in groups A and B were given AFB_1(intraperitoneal injection, 100-200 μg/ kg body weight, 1-3 times/week). The rats in group B were fed the food containing EGb761 while the rats in groups A and C were given normal food. Blood samples were collected and liver biopsy was performed on the 14th, 28th and 42nd week. All the rats were sacrificed at the 64th week. The incidence of hepatoma was observed. The hepatic phase Ⅰ drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP450 and phase Ⅱ enzyme GST were detected by spectrometry. The serum AFB_1-lysine adduct was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results:The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (26.92% vs 76.00%,P<0.001). No hepatocellular carcinoma developed in group C. EGb761 had no effects on the activities of CYP450 and GST in rat liver tissues. The level of AFB_1-lysine adduct reached the peak (4 356.01 pg/mg albumin) at the 14th week in group A. EGb761 significantly inhibited the formation of AFB_1-lysine adducts in serum by 13.07% at the 14th week (P＝0.033), and 73.63% at the 42nd week (P＝0.002). The expression of 8-OHdG protein in rat liver tissues in group B was significantly lower than that in group A at the 28th, 42nd, and 64th week (P<0.05). Conclusion:The main mechanism underlying the effect of EGb761 in blocking hepatogenesis induced by AFB_1 may not be fully related with its influence on the activity of liver phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ metabolizing enzymes. EGb761 inhibites the production of AFB_1-lysine addcuts, decreases the expression of 8-OHdG protein, and finally alleviates the DNA oxidative injury, which may be one of the mechanisms for the effects of EGb761 in inhibiting or delaying hepatogenesis induced by AFB_1.

Objective To explore the clinical value of transumbilica single-port laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of bilateral varicocele.Methods From Jan. 2010 to Sep. 2010,42 patients with bilateral varicocele underwent laparoscopic high ligation of bilateral spermatic vein.Of these patients,20 were treated with transumbilica single-port laparoscopic surgery,22 with traditional laparoscopic surgery.The two groups of patients were compared for the parameters such as intraoperative blood loss,testicular artery preservation,operating time,time of activities after surgery,time of intestinal function recovery and hospitalization duration.The semen quality 1 year after the surgery was compared with that before treatment.At the out-patient re-examination at 1,3,6months and 1 year after the surgery,the incision,scrotum,spermatic cord,testis were checked for possible complications.The relief of discomfortness in the scrotum was also followed up.Results Both operation procedures were successful,without severe complications.In the single-port laparoscopic surgery produced blood lose ( [ 5 ± 1 ] ml vs.[ 5 ± 1 ] ml,t =- 0.452,P ＞ 0.05 ),the operating time ( [ 41 ± 7 ] min vs.[ 39 ± 3 ] min,t =0.686,P ＞ 0.05 ),postoperative intestinal function recovery time ( [ 11 + 1 ] h vs.[ 11 + 2 ] h,t =- 1.631,P ＞0.05 ) and postoperative hospital stay ( [ 3.1 + 0.7 ] d vs.[ 3.4 + 0.7 ] d,t =- 1.447,P ＞ 0.05 ) which were all comparable to that from conventional laparoscopic surgery.There was significant difference in the population using analgesics,single-port laparoscopic surgery vs.conventional laparoscopic surgery ( 1 case [ 5.0％ ] vs 7case [ 31.8％ ].The difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.886,P ＜ 0.05 ).The single-port laparoscopic surgery produced neglectable scar at the incision.All of the patients were questionaired for their satisfaction with the incision 1 year after the surgery.The difference was statistically significant (x2 =7.636,P ＜ 0.01 )Conclusion Single-port laparoscopic high ligation of bilateral spermatic vein produces comparable outcomes to that of conventional laparoscopic surgery,but it is a more microinvasive procedure producing good aesthetic appearance,representing the trend of laparoscopic technique.

Objective To observe the effects of cyclosporin A on the expression of phosphorylated AKT in hepatocytes, and to investigate the mechanism of insulin resistance caused by cyclosporin A. Methods This study included two parts. 1. In vitro experiment:Human hepatocyte HL77022 cell line was cultured at different concentrations of cyclosporin A (0?1 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 5 μmol/L) for 48 hours. The expressions of phosphorylated AKT ( P?AKT) in HL77022 cells were measured by Western blot assay. 2. Rat in vivo experiment: SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. The rats in the control group were administrated with distilled water 1 mL/Kg/d. The rats in the cyclosporine group were administrated with cyclosporine 25 mg/Kg/d. The total experiment time was 5 months. The levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin were tested at the end of the experiment. The insulin resistance index and insulin sensitivity index were calculated. The expression of P?AKT in the rat hepatocytes was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results 1. Each group of the HL7702 cells treated by CsA ( 0?1 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 5 μmol/L ) showed a significantly decreased expression of P?AKT (P<0?05, P<0?01, and P<0?01). 2. After 5 months of therapy, the fasting blood glucose level of rats in the cyclosporine group was 9?28 mmol/L, indicating that cyclosporine?induced diabetic rat models were established. The insulin sensitivity index in the cyclosporine group was lower than that in the control group ( P<0?05 ) . The expression of P?AKT in liver in the cyclosporine group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P <0?05) . Conclusions Therapeutic dose of cyclosporine has hyperglycemic effects on rats. Cyclosporine can reduce the expression of phosphorylated AKT in hepatic tissue in rats and also decrease the expression of P?AKT in human hepatocyte HL77022 cells, which indicate that cyclosporine may cause insulin resistance by interfering PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway.

Objective To compare the significance of two blood glucose monitoring methods of eight-point and five-point after liver transplantation. Methods 160 patients after liver transplantation selected eight-point or five-point blood glucose monitoring methods randomly,each method had 80 patients.Blood glucose value one month after operation,incidence of hypoglycemia,hospitalization time,daily use of insulin,time needed to reach standard level,incidence of infection were compared. Results Eight-point and five-point blood glucose monitoring methods showed no difference in incidence of hypoglycemia,hospitalization time,daily use of insulin,time needed to reach standard level,incidence of infection.Rate of blood glucose to reach standard level 4 days,1,2,3,4 weeks after operation also showed no difference. Conclusions Comparison of eight-point and five-point blood glucose monitoring methods supply the information needed in clinic,reduce the burden of patients,strengthen the compliance of patients,it has important practical significance for clinical work.

Objective:To test the expression of Minichromosome maintenance complex component 7(MCM7) protein in hepato-cellular carcinoma(HCC) of different species including human, rat and tree shrew (tupaia) by cross-species oncogenomics approach, and to investigate the relationship between the expression of MCM7 and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance. Methods:Western blot and Immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the expression levels of MCM7 protein in HCC tissues,corresponding HCC-adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues collected from different species including human, rat and tree shrew, respectively. The clinicopathologic factors were also analyzed with the results of Immunohistochemistry. Results:Western blot analysis showed that the expression of MCM7 protein in HCC tissues of human and rat were higher than that in corresponding HCC-ad-jacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues, respectively and significantly (P<0.05). However, the expression of MCM7 protein in HCC tissues of tree shrew were also higher than that in corresponding HCC-adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues, but no significant difference was found among three types of tissues (P>0.05).There was also no significant difference between HCC-adjacent liver tis-sues and normal liver tissues in three species (P>0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that MCM7 protein was mainly ex-pressed in nucleus of HCC cells, and the positive rate of MCM7 protein in HCC tissues of human, rat and tree shrew were significantly higher than that in corresponding HCC-adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues, respectively (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between HCC-adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues (P>0.05). Moreover, the protein level of MCM7 was intimately related to patient's HCC stage, extrahepatic metastases and postoperative recurrence (P<0.05). Conclusion:MCM7 protein might play a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis. In addition, it was probably related to patient's HCC stage, extrahepatic metastases and postoperative recurrence. It seems very likely that MCM7 may be applied as a new molecular target in HCC prevention and treat-ment.

Objective To investigate the correlation between enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) and post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to hospital from March 2010 to March 2014 were enroled prospectively. The patients completed head MRI examination after admission and performed EPVS grading. At 3 months after symptom onset, they performed PSD assessment according to Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders in China, 3rd edition (CCMD-3). The relationship between EPVS and PSD was analyzed. Results A total of 249 patients were enroled; including 62 patients (4. 9% ) experienced PSD at 3 months. There were significant differences in the proportions of the EPVS classification patients of the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ( the median [interquartile range]; 4 [3 - 6] vs. 3 [2 - 5]; Z = - 2. 950, P = 0. 003), centrum semiovale (χ2 = 14. 370, P = 0. 001), and periventricular (χ2 = 11. 590, P = 0. 003)between the PSD group and the non-PSD group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that centrum semiovale EPVS grade 2 (odds ratio [OR] 3. 89, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1. 59 - 9. 56) and grade 3 (OR 3. 28, 95% CI 1. 04 - 10. 33) were significantly correlated with PSD; periventricular EPVS grade 2 (OR 0. 72, 95% CI 0. 27 - 1. 91) and grade 3 (OR 2. 24, 95% CI 0. 68 - 7. 37) were not correlated with PSD. Conclusions Centrum semiovale EPVS is independently associated with PSD, and periventricular EPVS is not.