Objective.To observation the change of thyrohyoid muscle(THM)after recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN)has been cutting off.The animal experimental results were reported.Method.The animal experimental model of RLN paralytic was completed in 9 dogs.The specimens of THM were treated by histochemiscal staining after 2,4,6,8,10,20 day operation respectively and the diameter and areas of three types muscle fibers were determined by microscope.Results.The diameters and areas about 3 types muscle fibers of THM descended after operation,the value of them reached the minimum simutaneously,then recovered step by step.Conclusion.The changes of THM was related to operative trauma and nutrition disorder probably,while it was not related to RLN cutting.

Objective To explore short-term prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and prognostic risk factors, and to provide information for prognostic risk assessment. Methods A total of 156 patients with acute coronary syndrome were enrolled. The correlations of baseline characteristics with 30-day improvement, death, angina pectoris and heart failure were analyzed using unordered multivariate logistic regression. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for 30-day death included age (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.07-1.34), diabetes (OR=19.41, 95%CI: 3.02-124.70), leukocytosis (OR=11.36, 95%CI: 1.87-69.11) and increased platelet (OR=7.72, 95%CI: 1.29-46.15). The independent risk factors for 30-day angina pectoris included leukocytosis (OR=2.35, 95%CI: 0.89-6.17) and dyslipidemia (OR=6.25, 95%CI: 2.11-18.48). The independent risk factors for the occurrence of heart failure during 30-day post-ACS included age (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.03-1.17), male (OR=4.18, 95%CI: 0.81-21.51), leukocytosis (OR=2.97, 95%CI: 1.09-8.14) and dyslipidemia (OR=7.69, 95%CI: 2.39-24.76). Conclusions Age, diabetes, leukocytosis and increased platelet are independent risk factors associated with 30-day death; Leukocytosis and dyslipidemia are independent risk factors associated with 30-day angina pectoris; Age, male, leukocytosis and dyslipidemia are the independent risk factors associated with 30-day heart failure.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and iNOS/COX-2 signal transduction path-ways are closely related to occurrence and development of diseases , such as tumor, immunity, inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia, injury and so on.iNOS/COX-2 controls the physiological and pathological activities of human lower urinary tract .This article summarizes the role and mechanism of iNOS/COX-2 signal transduction pathways in related diseases .It not only provids an important target for treat-ment of disease and but provides a theoretical basis and research ideas for the development and research of new drugs .

Objective:To observe the effect of emergency airway established by laryngeal mask for cerebral protection, and to popularize using laryngeal mask for establishing emergency airway in cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) among paramedics.Methods:To compare the rescuing effect, 49 cases of patients with cardiac arrest were divided into 2 groups as different rescue method: laryngeal mask group (23 cases), emergency airway established by laryngeal mask airway(LMA); face mask group (26 cases).Results: After aerating 5 minutes, the average oxyhemoglobin saturation has recovered to 94.1% in laryngeal mask group, and it was 78% in face mask group; heartbeat recovery rate was 100% in laryngeal mask group, and face mask group was 84.62%, and there was no statistical significant (x2=2.94,P>0.05); breathing recovery rates were 86.96% and 19.23%, respectively, in laryngeal mask group and face mask group, and there was statistical significant (x2=19.772,P<0.05); consciousness recovery rates were 43.48% and 7.69%, respectively, between the two groups, and there was statistical significant (x2=6.627,P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the face mask group, to establish airway for cardiac arrest patient by using laryngeal mask airway(LMA) would got efficient results in improving anoxia in cerebral, increasing spontaneous breath rate and consciousness recovery rate.

Objective To observe the changes of serum leptin(LP) levels and serum tumor necrosis tactor-alpha(TNF?) concentrations and to explore the relationships with fasting serum insulin levels and congestive heart failure(CHF).Methods Serum leptin and inslin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by ELISA.Body mass index(BMI),mean arterial blood pressure(MBP),fasting serum insulin(FINS),LP and TNF-alpha levels were determined in 40 patients with CHF and in 20 healthy controls matched for gender,age,BMI and MBP.The correlations between leptin and other parameters were analyzed.Results ⑴The fasting serum LP and FINS concentrations of patients with NYHA grade Ⅲ and NYHA grade Ⅳ were significantly lower as compared with the controls(P0 05).⑵The TNF alpha was higher in heart failure patients that in healthy controls(P

Bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs) can differentiate into cardiomyocytes when induced with proper reagent. The cardiomyocytes from BMSCs have cardiomyocyte phenotypes with the expression of cardiac-specific antigen and receptor. BMSCs differentiate into cardiomyocytes in host myocardial microenvironments. Mechanism of the differentiation is unclear and need to be studied further.

Objective To compare the effects of Valsartan on blood ressure(BP)of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension(EH).Method 64 patients with EH were randomly divided into 2 groups:Valsartan group(Enalapril 10 mg bid n=32).Treatment lasted for 8 weeks.Result Valsartan and Enalapril significantly reduce BP compared with that bdfore treatment(P< 0.05),effective rate and magnitude of decreasing BP were no significantly different between two groups(effective rate of Valsartan group was 78.1％ vs 70.0％ in Enalapril group(P>0.05).Conclusion Valsartan and enalapril have effect for decreasing the BP in EH patients.

Objective　To prevent early closure of growth plate and developmental deformities of limbs by allografts of cultured cartilages into growth plate defects of rabbits. Methods　Chondrocytes isolated from articular cartilage of 1-month rabbits formed cartilage after cultivation in centrifuge tubes. The cartilages cultured for two weeks were implanted into growth plate defects of proximal tibiae of 6-weeks rabbits. At 4th and 16th weeks, X-ray, histologic and immunohistochemical examination were performed. Results　The tibiae had no marked deformities after 4 weeks of operation. Histologic examinations showed that the defects were filled with cartilage. Immunohistochemical results of type Ⅱ collagen were positive. The tibiae with allografts of cultured cartilages had no evident deformities after 16 weeks of operation. Histologic examination showed nearly closure of growth plates. On the contrary, the tibiae on control side formed severe deformities and growth plate were closed. Conclusion　Allograft of cultured cartilages into growth plate defects may replace lost growth plate tissues, maintain normal growth of limbs and prevent developmental deformity.

BACKGROUND: Collagen type Ⅰ possesses low antigenicity and provides special functions of scaffold structure for cell migration, proliferation and secretion.OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological change after combination of transformed human embryonic tendon cells and artificial materials with collagen type Ⅰ, so as to provide the experimental basis for constructing tissue-engineered muscle tendon in vitro.DESIGN: Randomized and controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Department of Transplantation Immunology, West China University of Medical Sciences from July to September 1998. Human hair, carbon fiber and polyglycolic acid were combined with collagen and then set corresponding groups respectively. Simply hair, carbon fiber and polyglycolic acid control groups were set respectively. Artificial materials: Healthy adult hair (30 cm in length, 80 g in weight), carbon fiber knitted strip (Lanzhou carbon factory )and polyglyolic acid fasciculi (Johnson , American) were used in this experiment.METHODS: ①In the group of human hair combined with collagen,nine healthy adult hairs were chosen . Three hairs as one bundle were knitted into tendon with 0.8 cm in length and 0.4 cm in diameter and a knot was tied respectively at the two ends. ②In the carbon fiber combined with collagen group, the purchased carbon fiber knitted strip was separated and made into artificial materials with the same diameter and length as those of human hair tendon. Two ends of the artificial materials were packed with 5/0 silk thread. ③In the polyglycolic acid combined with collagen group, three polyglycolic acid fasciculi were weaved into bundle with the same diameter and length as those of human tendon,and two ends were packed with 5/0 silk thread. ④The process of knitting scaffold materials was the same in control groups as in the corresponding experimental groups. ⑤ Five pieces were prepared in each scaffold material. After sterilized by 60Co, the scaffold materials were put in collagen type Ⅰ solution for 0.5 hour, then taken out and dried at roomtemperature for use in the experimental groups. ⑥transformed human embryonic tendon cell, density for 3×106/mm3, was used for combined culture in each group, and cell number and morphology were observed at different time points after culture under an inverted microscope and scanning electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Observation of cell growth and adherence under an inverted microscope ② Observation of cell morphology and material adherence under scanning electron microscope RESULTS: ① Observation of cell growth and adherenceunder an inverted microscope :In each experimental group, at two hours after culture, cells gathered around the materials, and some cells adhered to materials presented round; At three days after culture, the number of cells adhered to materials began to increase, morphology changed from round to oval, and the co-existence of round and oval cells was seen;While in each control group, at two and three hours after culture, few cells adhered to the three materials. On day five after culture, in each experimental group, cell morphology turned into fusiform, the number of cells increased further and a great many fusiform cells grew among carbon fiber materials; while in the control group, most cells presented round and ellipse, and the number of cells was less as compared with the corresponding experimental group. ② Cell morphology and material adherence under scanning electron microscope: On day 5 after in vitro culture, most tendon cells on the surface of materials presented spindle-shape in each experimental group. Apophysis stretched out from the tendon cells, grew along longitudinal axon of the materials. Silk and piece-like substance appeared among the apophysis and weaved each other. While there were fewer cells adhered in control group than in corresponding experimental group, cells also presented fusiform or round, but no silk or piece-like substance was found, also no apophysis appeared.CONCLUSION: Human hair, carbon fiber and polyglycolic acid combined with collagen type Ⅰ will facilitate cell adherence. Cells increase around the materials and co-existence of round and oval cells could be seen, and cells turned into fusiform, suggesting that exogenous collagen facilitate the cells to adhere onto the materials and proliferate.