Objective The aim of this study was to measure quantitatively the TSP-4 mRNA expression and its significance in gastric carcinoma was evaluated by correlating its expression with clinicopathological features, microvessel density(MVD) and MMP-9.Methods Eighty-two patients with gastric carcinoma were recruited in this study. TSP-4 mRNA expression in gastric carcinoma and adjacent tissue was detected by real-time PCR. CD34 and MMP-9 protein expression were examined by immunohistochemistry. MVD was determined according to CD34-positive tubular structures. Results The expression level of TSP-4mRNA in gastric carcinoma was obviously higher than those of adjacent tissue(P=0.03) and it was associated with tumor size, histological type, lymph node metastasis, MVD and MMP-9(P=0.002, P=0.031, P=0.014,r＝0.67 P<0.01, P=0.008),but not sex, age and depth of invasion. (P=0.53,P=0.57,P=0.15).Conclusion TSP-4 may play an important role in occurrence and progression of gastric carcinoma and that the effect of TSP-4 on tumor growth and metastasis may be exerted through regulation of angiogenesis and MMP-9 expression in gastric carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Changsha,and take intervention measures to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis and fracture.Methods A total of 278 HIV-infected patients and 154 cases of healthy adults from March 2011 to May 2015 were selected.Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to detect BMD,T-score and Z-score of all the research objects,including the whole body,lumbar spine (L2～4),and left hip joint.The height and weight were measured at the same time.Results The HIV infection group had an average age of (31.53 ± 8.56) years old,and the healthy control group was (34.45 ± 8.22) years old.Height between two groups had no significant difference.The average weight of HIV infection group was 6.93 kg [95％ CI,-9.01,-4.97;P ＜0.001] lighter than that in the normal control group.BMD,T-score and Z-score of HIV infection group were significantly lower than those in norrmal control group (P ＜ 0.001).The occurrence rate of osteopenia (Z ≤-1.0)and osteoporosis (Z ≤-2.0)in HIV infection group were correspondingly 43.53％ ～ 54.68％ and 9.71％ ～23.74％,which is about 4 times of that in the healthy control group (14.28％ ～ 20.13％,0.65％ ～ 5.84％).Conclusions The average body weight of HIV-infected patients was significantly lower than that of normal control group,and the incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV-infected group was significantly higher than that in normal control group.

BACKGROUND:Acellular nerve scaffolds have the three-dimensional structure of natural nerves and low immunogenicity,but their effect on long nerve defects is still not ideal.Therefore,it is necessary to construct tissueengineered nerve using acellular nerve and seed cells in order to improve the therapeutic effect.OBJECTIVE:To systemically review the efficacy of combination of acellular nerve grafts (ANGs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or Schwann cells (SCs) transplantation in the treatment of sciatic nerve defects in a rat model.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effects of combination of ANGs and MSCs or SCs transplantation for sciatic nerve defects in rats were searched in PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMbase,CNKI,WanFang and VIP from inception to July 2016.Three reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data,and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then,a Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manger5.3 software.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 10 RCTs involving 252 rats were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that:compared with the control group (simple acellular nerve scaffold group),the sciatic functional index (SFI) of the combined group (combination of ANGs and MSCs or SCs transplantation) were superior at 2 weeks [SMD=2.73,95％ CI (1.92,3.45),P ＜ 0.000 01],4 weeks [SMD=4.57,95％ CI (3.43,5.70),P ＜ 0.000 01],6 weeks [SMD=1.62,95％CI (0.18,3.06),P=-0.03],8 weeks [SMD=4.90,95％ CI (2.96,6.84),P ＜ 0.000 01] after surgery.The nerve conduction velocity [SMD=1.39,95％ CI (0.99,1.78),P ＜ 0.000 01),latency period (MD=-0.98,95％ CI (-1.19,-0.76),P ＜ 0.000 01],and amplitude [SMD=1.23,95％ CI (0.62,1.85),P ＜ 0.000 1] were superior at 12 weeks after surgery.The myelin sheath thickness was superior at 8 weeks [MD=0.14,95％ CI (0.07,0.21),P ＜ 0.000 1],12 weeks [SMD=1.85,95％ CI (1.63,2.08),P ＜ 0.000 01] and the number of myelinated nerve fibers were superior at 12 weeks [SMD=3.59,95％CI (2.63,4.55),P ＜ 0.000 01] after surgery.The gastrocnemius wet weight was superior at 8 weeks after surgery [SMD=4.22,95％ CI (2.40,6.03),P ＜ 0.000 01].Current evidence indicates that the combination of ANGs and MSCs or SCs can promote the regeneration and functional recovery of the peripheral nerve.Due to the limited quality of the included studies,the above conclusion should be verified by conducting high-quality and large-scale RCTs.

This study was aimed to explore the features of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) structures in Shigella by using bioinformatics. We used bioinformatics methods, including BLAST, alignment and RNA structure prediction, to analyze the CRISPR structures of Shigella genomes. The results showed that the CRISPRs existed in the four groups of Shigella, and the flanking sequences of upstream CRISPRs could be classified into the same group with those of the downstream. We also found some relatively conserved palindromic motifs in the leader sequences. Repeat sequences had the same group with corresponding flanking sequences, and could be classified into two different types by their RNA secondary structures, which contain "stem" and "ring". Some spacers were found to homologize with part sequences of plasmids or phages. The study indicated that there were correlations between repeat sequences and flanking sequences, and the repeats might act as a kind of recognition mechanism to mediate the interaction between foreign genetic elements and Cas proteins.
Base Sequence ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Computational Biology ; Genome, Bacterial ; Plasmids ; Shigella ; genetics

Objective To detect the influence of marOR mutations on antibiotic resistance in Shigella spp. Methods The marOR gene with four-base deletion was amplified by overlap PCR, then inserted in a T-vector and transformed into DH5α. The clone of marOR gene with four-base deletion and three point mutations was prepared from the strain having these mutations. Electrophoresis and sequencing were preformed to certify the correction of the cloned genes. Drug susceptibility tests were preformed for the strains harbouring the different clones [DH5α, DH5α (T), DH5α (marOR), DH5α (marOR-CATT), DH5α(marOR-CATT + 3m)]. Results Compared with the control strain (DH5α-T), the antibiotic resistances of marOR with four-base deletion [DH5α (marOR-CATT)] were higher to streptomycin, tobramycin, cefazolin and cefalexin, and the antibiotic resistances of marOR with four-base deletion and three point mutations [DH5α (marOR-CATT + 3m)] were higher to streptomycin and to tetracycline. The antibiotic resistances of DH5α (marOR-CATT) and DH5α (marOR-CATT +3m) to streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, cefazolin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were higher than DH5α (marOR). The diameters of the antibiotics except the trimethoprim between DH5α (marOR-CATT) and DH5α (marORCATT +3m) had not significant disparity. Conclusion The four-base deletion in 1376-1379 sites of the marOR gene increased the resistance of Shigella spp to some antibiotics. The point mutations in 1411, 1417,1435 sites of the marOR gene have little influence on the antibiotic resistance of Shigella spp.

Objective To observe the effects of sodium‐selenite on human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts proliferation in vitro . Methods Human hypertrophic scar fibroblast culture was conducted in vitro ,the status of fibroblast proliferation of the 4th gener‐ation cells was tested by CCK‐8 ,which was divided into experimental group and control group ,the experimental group was divided into six groups (A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,F) ,and were added an equal volume‐containing 2 .5 ,5 .0 ,10 .0 ,20 .0 ,40 .0 ,80 .0 μmol/L concentra‐tions of sodium selenite in 10% FBS culture medium ;the control group added an equal volume of 10% FBS culture medium ,testing cell proliferation by CCK‐8 at 24 ,48 ,72 ,96 h respectively ;testing different concentrations of sodium‐selenite cell survival situation after 24 h by Live/dead reagent ;immunohistochemical was used to test intracellularⅠ ,Ⅲ type collagen expression after 24 h .Re‐sults (1)With the increased of concentration ,the inhibition rate of fibroblasts gradually increased as the concentration of sodium‐selenite ranged in 2 .5-80 .0 μmol/L(P<0 .05);(2) the inhibition rate of sodium‐selenite on fibroblasts gradually increased at the same concentration with time(P<0 .05);(3)Live/dead reagent test results showed that apoptosis cell number increased with the concentration increasing ;(4 ) With concentrations of sodium‐selenite increasing ,typeⅠ ,Ⅲ collagen expression of fibroblast de‐creased gradually .Conclusion Sodium‐selenite can inhibit human hypertrophic scar fibroblast proliferate in vitro and reduce Ⅰ ,Ⅲcollagen expression of fibroblast type.

Over-expression of CD151 was found to be associated with metastasis and poor prognosis of prostatic carcinoma. This study was designed to examine the mechanism by which CD151 promotes the proliferation and migration of prostatic cancer cells. The pAAV-CD151, pAAV-GFP and pAAV-CD151-AAA mutant plasmids were constructed and used to transiently transfect PC3 cells (a prostatic carcinoma 3 cell line) by the mediation of Fugene HD. Then, the cells were assigned to control group, pAAV-GFP group, pAAV-CD151 group, and pAAV-CD151-AAA group respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated by using the 3-[4,5-dimet-hylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5, diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Cell migration assay was performed by using Boyden chambers. The formation of CD151-integrin α3/α6 complex was determined by the method of co-immunoprecipitation. The protein expression levels of CD151 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were measured by Western blotting. The results showed that transfection of pAAV-CD151 or pAAV-CD151-AAA mutant increased the expression of CD151 protein in PC3 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that more CD151-integrin α3/α6 complex was formed in the pAAV-CD151 group than in the control group, the pAAV-GFP group and the pAAV-CD151-AAA mutant group. Furthermore, the proliferative and migrating capacity of PC3 cells was substantially increased in the pAAV-CD151 group but inhibited in the pAAV-CD151-AAA mutant group. CD151 transfection increased the expression of phospho-ERK. Taken together, it was concluded that CD151 promotes the proliferation and migration of PC3 cells through the formation of CD151-integrin complex and the activation of phosphorylated ERK.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Lianhua Dingchuan Tablets in bronchial asthma.Methods Fifty BALB/C mice were randomly and equally divided into control (Con) group,ovalbumin (OVA) group,dexamethasone (DEX) group,high-dose Lianhua group,low-dose Lianhua group.The mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA plus aluminium hydroxide to establish asthmatic model and were pre-treated 30 minutes before challenge.Specific airway resistance (sRaw) was used to evaluate airway hyperresponsiveness,and airway inflammatory changes were measured.ELISA and Magnetic Luminex(R) were used to quantified the levels of IL-4,IL-13 and INF-γ.Results Airway resistance significantly decreased in DEX group and High-dose Lianhua group (P＜0.05).Levels of inflammatory cells and IL-13 in BALF evidently reduced in DEX group,high-dose Lianhua group and low-dose Lianhua group (P ＜ 0.05),while IL-13 level in serum only decreased in DEX group.There was no significant changes in the levels of IL 4 and INF γ among those groups.Conclusions Lianhua Dingchuan Tablets might relieve the symptoms of asthma by reducing IL-13 level and inhibiting the airway inflammation.

Objective To evaluated the clinical value of laparoscopic techniques in radical cystectomy surgery for the treatment of bladder cancer. Methods Clinical data of 49 patients underwent radical cystectomy with Bricker ileal conduit diversion were retrospectively analyzed from October 2009 to August 2014, which laparoscopic radical cystectomy with Bricker ileal conduit 20 cases (Group A), open radical cystectomy with Bricker ileal conduit 29 cas-es (Group B). The blood loss during operation, operating time, gastrointestinal function recovery after operation, hos-pital stay after operation and complications were observed between the two groups. Results The blood loss during operation was significantly lower in Group A (416.66 ± 232.73) ml than in Group B (964.16 ± 445.73) ml ( <0.05), and hospital stay after operation was significantly lower in Group A (14.93 ± 2.72) days than in Group B (19.50 ± 3.16) days ( < 0.05), complication after operation was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B ( < 0.05). The operating time and gastrointestinal function recovery has no significantly difference between the two groups. Conclusions Laparoscopic radical cystectomy have advantages of minimal invasion, less blood loss, rapid recovery and less postoperative complications. It is a safe and effective surgical method. Long term effect need evaluated by follow up.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic resec-tion and reconstructive surgeries in urology. Methods Retroperitoneal laparoseopic resection and re-constructive surgeries were performed on 245 patients including 17 cases of adrenalectomies, 32 cases of radical nephrectomies, 12 cases of partial nephrectomies, 53 cases of nephrectomies, 5 cases of nephroureterectomies, 6 cases of unroofing of peripelvie renal cysts, 46 cases of unroofing of renal cysts, 4 cases of unroofing of polyeystic kidneys, 12 cases of pyeloplasties, 58 cases of ureterolithoto-roles. Results All 245 surgeries were successfully completed. The mean operation time was 59 (20-250) min and the estimated blood loss was 5-300 ml with no transfusion. There was no serious complication during perioperative period. Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection and re-conatruetive surgery in urology is safe and effective with the advantages of minimal invasion, quick re-covery and few complications.