As is well known, MicroRNA is one of the keys of regulating cell differentiation and metabolism, even body growth and development.In these few years, great progresses of MicroRNA have been made in lung development and the progressive mechanism of lung disease as well as the diagnosis and treat of lung disease such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.This review summarizes the latest progresses in the domain of MicroRNA about lung disease.

To study the dynamic relationship of total health expenditure and economic growth so as to provide references for designing health economic policies. Methods: Using the regression models with multiple structural changes to estimate the structural change point of model parameter. Results: Compared to the elastic coefficient of economic growth, the total health expenditure and social health expenditure remained stably, the elasticity coefficient of government spending on health increased after decreased while elastic coefficient of personal spending health costs decreased after increased. Conclusion:In the early years of 1990s, the responsibility of government in health care financing funding weakened, which led to the increasing personal expenses. The situation began to reverse since 2004.

Objective To investigate leukotriene B4 secretion from DC and expression of its receptor,BLT(LTB1,LTB2).Methods Bone marrow(BM)-derived DC from healthy Balb/c mice were incubated with rmGS-CSF and rmIL-4,and then stimulated with LPS.Light microscopy and flow cytometry were used to identify DC,ELISA and RT-PCR methods were used to detect LTB4 secretion in culture supernatant and mRNA expression of BLT(BLT1,BLT2) in immaturation and mature DC,respectively.Results LTB4 concentration was(10.667?(2.394)ng/L)、(7.089?(1.810) ng/L)、(3.222?(0.995)ng/L) and(14.217?(3.396)ng/L) in 2,4 and(6 d)(immaturation) and(8 d) (maturation) respectively.LTB4 level decreased progressively during DC differentiation.LTB4 level in mature DC was higher than that in immature DC(P

Objective:To investigate the expression of E2F3 mRNA in bladder urothelial carcinoma and normal bladder urothelial tussue to explore its relationship with the genesis and progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma.Methods:The expression of E2F3 mRNA in 34 cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma and 19 cases of normal bladder urothelial tussue was examined by RT-PCR.Result:The positivity rates of E2F3 mRNA in bladder urothelial carcinomas and normal bladder urothelial tussues were 47.1%(16/34) and 0%(0/19) respectively.The expression level of E2F3 mRNA in bladder urothelial carcinomas was significantly higher than that in normal bladder urothelial tussues(P

Objective:To investigate the relationship between TGF-?1 and the contents of IL-6 and IL-8 in peripheral blood after the penetrating keratoplasty in rat.Methods:Rat model of penetrating keratoplasty was established.ELISA assay was used to detect the contents of IL-6 and IL-8 in the peripheral blood at the first week,second week,third week,and fourth week postoperatively.Results:Compare with the control groups and self groups,the expression level of IL-6 and IL-8 in all experimental groups markedly decreased at different periods postoperatively(P

In recent years, many studies have claimed that the intrauterine infection is one of the most common causes of cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is associated with the brain injury directly or indirectly. With the direct mechanisms including breakdown of infected nerve cells of the mouse by intrauterine infection,hydrocephalus, dilation of the cerebral ventricles and ependymitis being illuminated uninterruptedly, researches of the indirect mechanism in cerebral palsy caused by intrauterine infection become the hot issue in the domain.Besides the inflammation mediators theory and down-regulated expression of development of the nervous system related factors, there were still several important elements which can cause brain damage such as placental excretive hormone imbalance, change of activity of Notch signaling and gene mutation/deletion and so on.Mechanisms and the interaction between them built up network effect.

[Objective]Combing the application of ginseng in the past physicians to make readers understand the efficacy of ginseng,and to be flexible in order to better serve human health.[Methods]Through consulting the ancient books of materia medica,the understanding of the ancient physicians and the application of hanren formulae were summarized and analyzed.[Results]Although the ancient physicians of the past believed that ginseng was subject to tonify five organs,quiet spirt,set soul,stop fright,remove pathogen,in addition to bright eye,happy,educational. long taking makes people fit and live longer,but with the development of the times,the Han dynasty in to nifying Qi torelieve thirst,tonify Qi for deficiency,the Tang dynasty in tonifying heart Qi,benefiting heart spirit,the Song dynasty in complement,benefiting Qi,the Ming dynasty in benefiting qi,Qing dynasty in tonifying Qi and Yin,modern in emergency first aid application.[Conclusion]Through the analysis of the application of ginseng in past dynasties,the complement ginseng can be more widely used in clinic,and better serve human health.

The parasitic infection is still a severe public health problem in developing countries，which threatens people’s health and social development. With the advances of molecular biology and immunology，more and more insights have been reached on the immunity and immunopathogenesis to parasitic infections. CD4+ T cells play a central role in the host’s immuno⁃ surveillance and immunoregulation. Traditionally，naive CD4+ T cells are considered to be able to differentiate into Th1 and Th2 cell subsets both in vivo and in vitro. These Th1 and Th2 cells secret diverse cytokine profiles to exert different functions. Later，two new subsets of CD4+ T cells，Th17 and Treg cells，have been discovered. They are completely different from traditional Th1 and Th2 cells with independent differentiation and regulation mechanism. Ample studies suggest that Treg and Th17 cells play a key role in a variety of parasitic diseases. Furthermore，Treg and Th17 cells have been got increasing attention for their involve⁃ment in the hygiene hypothesis. Based on the current advances of researches of Treg and Th17 cells，we make a brief review about immunomodulatory effects of these two subsets in parasitic infections as well as the hygiene hypothesis.

Objective To study the positive rate of PF4/H antibodies in maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to analyze its risk factorand association with thrombosis. Methods A total of 157 maintenance hemodialysis patients were recruited in the present study. A cross-sectional and a longitude study were designed, and statistical analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of PF4/H antibody level and its association with thrombosis event. Results We found that 40. 8% (64/ 157) of the patients were positive for PF4/H antibody. Past-thrombosis events, heparin types, duration and weekly dialysis hourswere significantly different between antibody-positive group and antibody-negative group (P<0. 05). Incidence of thrombosis event in antibody-positive group was significantly lower than that in the antibody-negative group(P<0. 05). The risk ratio of antibody positivity for thrombosis event was 2. 349. The incidence of thrombotic event in antibody-positive patients who took anti-platelet agentswas lower than that in those who did not take. Conclusion The positive rate of PF4/H antibody has been found to be 40. 8% in the present group. Thrombosis events, heparin types, duration and weekly dialysis hours are the risk factors of PF4/H antibody level. PF4/H antibody can serve as a marker for thrombotic events, and anti-platelet agents are effective for preventing from thrombotic events in PF4/H antibody positive patients.

Objective To study the positive rate of PF4/H antibodies in maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to analyze its risk factor and association with thrombosis. Methods A total of 157 maintenance hemodialysis patients were recruited in the present study. A crose-sectional and a longitude study were designed, and statistical analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of PF4/H antibody level and its association with thrombosis event. Results We found that 40.8% (64/ 157) of the patients were positive for PF4/H antibody. Past-thrombosis events, heparin types, duration and weekly dialysis hours were significantly different between antibody-positive group and antibody-negative group (P<0.05). Incidence of thrombosis event in antibody-positive group was significantly lower than that in the antibody-negative group (P<0.05). The risk ratio of antibody positivity for thrombosis event was 2.349. The incidence of thrombotic event in antibody-positive patients who took anti-platelet agents was lower than that in those who did not take. Conclusion The positive rate of PF4/H antibody has been found to be 40.8% in the present group. Thrombosis events, heparin types, duration and weekly dialysis hours are the risk factors of PF4/H antibody level. PF4/H antibody can serve as a marker for thrombotic events, and anti-platelet agents are effective for preventing from thrombotic events in PF4/H antibody positive patients.