Issues of Chinese medical health reform are analyzed and approached associated with the US federal medical health system. We made the suggestions that establish the public health service system covering both urban and country residents, push on the reform of medical insurance, drug circulation and medical system. We advocate that implement the scientific development view and hold the opportunity, impel the medical health reform in general.

Angiogenesis is one of the important pathological characteristics in the development of tumor growth. Hence ,an?ti-angiogenes is has become a hot topic in the field of cancer research. The current strategy for anti-angiogenesis therapy is to restore the angiogenic balance which is broken in the tumor via either block of proangiogenic factorsor application of angiogenic inhibitors. Endogenous angiogenic inhibitors show more promising prospects compared with proangiogenic factor antagonists. However ,the un?derlying mechanisms for the angiogenic inhibitors remain to be thoroughly elucidated. There are two kinds of endogenous angiogenic inhibitors,one is the hydrolyzed fragments of precursor protein,such as plasminogen Kringle 5(K5),angiostatin/kringle 1~4,end?ostatin,etc;the other is cell secreted proteins,such as pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF),kallikrein-binding protein (KBP/kallistatin),antithrombin,etc. Here we summarized the research progresses on the biological functions,underlying mecha?nisms of tumor angiogenesis and application prospects of K5,PEDF,and KBP,so as to provide insights into the antiangiogenic ther?apies of tumor in the future.

Objective To prepare monoclonal antibody (mAb) against recombinant human cardiac troponin I(cTnI).Methods The full-length gene encoding human cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was synthesized chemically and inserted into expression plasmid pBV220 to construct recombinant plasmid p pBV220/cTnI. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli DH5? which then expressed cTnI. The immunological activity of the expressed cTnI was analyzed by Western blot. Recombinant human cTnI protein was used as antigen to immunize BALB/c mice. Monoclonal anti-bodies against cTnI were prepared by normal hybridoma technology. The relative affinity of mAbs was determined by ELISA. Specificity of mAbs was analyzed by Western blot.Results Human cTnI gene was synthesized and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Positive recombinant clones were identified by restriction enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. Western blot analysis showed that the cTnI protein could be recognized by an anti- cTnI antibody. Two hybridmas producing antibodies against cTnI were obtained. IgG isotypes of two mAbs were IgG2a and IgG2b. Western blot showed that the antibodies were specific for cTnI. Neutralisation test showed that these mAbs could be evidently neutralized by cTnI.Conclusion The recombinant expression plasmid of cTnI was constructed successfully and expressed in E.coli. The method of EL ISA established to test serum cTnI is to clinically useful. The cTnI mAb which using cTnI as antigen prepared in this paper can be used for cTnI immunoassay in vitro.

A MSP430-based detection project of blood pressure (BP) is put forward, in which the application of the portable monitor is taken into considerations. High- precision sensors and parameter recognition are also involved in. BP parameter extraction and real-time control of the system are discussed in detail.

Objective To study the effect of anti-hypertensive therapy on the characteristics of platelet in essential hypertension(EH) patients. Methods Thirty-two healthy people(CT) and 37 patients with primary hypertension (gradeⅠ) were recruited . Blood pressure and 4 platelet parameters: platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet hematocrit (PCT) were determined by whole blood automatic analysis apparatus. Results The 4 platelet parameters were increased in hypertension patients compared with healthy people and decreased after anti-hypertensive therapy[PLT:(before 201.8?72.9 vs after 187.1?68.6 )10~ 9 L+{-1}; MPV:(before 10.3?1.9 vs after 10.0?1.9)fL, PDW:(before 15.5?1.1 vs after 15.2?1.0)fL; PCT:(before 0.198%?0.047% vs after 0.187%?0.036%)](P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the resistance of Staphylococcus to erythromycin and clindamycin and detect the percentage and gene for inducible resistance in Tai'an.METHODS The susceptibilities of Staphylococcus to erythromycin and clindamycin were examined by Kirby-Bauer disc agar diffusion test and the inducible erythromycin resistance to clindamycin was checked by D-test according to the standards of NCCLS,and the resistance genes msrA,Vgb,sat4,ermA,ermB and ermC were detected by using PCR technology.RESULTS Among the 326 strains,162(44.12%)were all resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin;68(20.86%)were resistant to erythromycin and sensitive to clindamycin but they were positive in D-test;42(12.88%)were resistant to erythromycin and sensitive to clindamycin but they were negative in D-test.The rates of inducible resistance of MRSA,MSSA,MRCNS and MSCNS to clindamycin were 40.00%,56.25%,63.38% and 66.67%,respectively among the Staphylococcus which were resistant to erythromycin and sensitive to clindamycin.The gene ermC was the main one for inducible erythromycin resistance to clindamycin.The percentage of gene ermC was 85.29% and that of ermC and sat4 either was 7.35%;all the others were negative.CONCLUSIONS The rate of inducible erythromycin resistance to clindamycin in our area is relatively high,and D-test in clinical microbiology laboratory should be done so that the physicians can select the reasonable MLSB antimicrobial agents.

BACKGROUND:Preterm premature rupture of the membrane is a frequent complication during gestational period. Three-dimensional culture can help damaged tissue restore anatomical integrality,being worth for clinical application. OBJECTIVE:To explore biological characteristics of human amniotic cells three-dimensionally cultured by fibrin scaffold,study the possibility of cell/scaffold composite material for repairing preterm premature rupture of the membrane,and to compare with normal monolayer culture. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:An in vitro cell/scaffold study was performed at the Basic Institute of Chongqing University of Medical Science between December 2007 and November 2008. MATERIALS:Amnion tissue derived from uterine-incision delivery women was provided by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the First Affiliated Hospital,Chongqing University of Medical Sciences;fibrinogen was provided by Sigma,USA. METHODS:Either epithelial cells or mesenchymal cells,being isolated from human amniotic membrane,were cultivated using enzyme digestion and repeated adherence methods. Fibrinogen was conglomerated,and epithelial cells of logarithmic growth were plated onto the surface of fibrin scaffold to simulate a three-dimensional culture in vitro. Before conglomerating fibrinogen,mesenchymal cells of logarithmic growth were mixed with fibrin solution to simulate a three-dimensional culture in vivo. In addition,either epithelial cells or mesenchymal cells were incubated onto 24-well plate for normal monolayer culture. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cell morphology using inverted microscopy,proliferation of mesenchymal cells,and interaction between mesenchymal cells and scaffold under different culture environments. RESULTS:Epithelial cells were round and smooth on the surface of fibrin scaffold,pseudopodia were stretched out,and microvillus were rich. Mesenchymal cells in fibrin glue were fusiform in shape and stretched out along scaffold. Cells formed net structure at different surfaces. By three-dimensional culture,proliferation of mesenchymal cells was stable but slow compared to monolayer culture. By in vivo three-dimensional culture,fibrin glue gradually shrank and gel thickness gradually decreased. On the 5th day,the gel thickness was only 40% for the initial thickness,and on the 15th day,gel thickness was 10%. CONCLUSION:Both epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells can sterically grow on fibrin scaffold,and the proliferation is stable. Fibrin glue gradually shrinks in cell/fibrin composite scaffold,suggesting that amniotic cells/fibrin composite scaffold can simulate body tissues to repair preterm premature rupture of the membrane.

BACKGROUND: Self-repairing capability of articular cartilage tissue is poor, due to lack of the distribution of vessels and lymph.OBJECTIVE: To concisely describe the research progress of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), including matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI), in vivo scaffolds, and related tissue engineering technologies, and to prospect the future developments.METHODS: A search across the databases of ISI Web of Knowledge and PubMed (1979 to February 2009) was performed, with key words of "articular cartilage, transplantation, stern cells, tissue engineering". As well, a search in the database of CNKI (1979 to Febraruy 2009) was performed with the key words of "articular cartilage, repair, tissue engineering". Contents referring to ACI,MACI, in vivo scaffolds and related tissue engineering technologies were included, while contents regarding to the clinical imaging of articular cartilage defects, intracellular signaling pathways in chondrocytes, or gene therapy for articular cartilage defects were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 824 articles were obtained from the preliminary search across the databases. Based on the nominated evaluation criterions to the outcome, analysis focusing on ACI, MACI, in vivo scaffolds and related tissue engineering technologies was performed. As the most successful treatment for articular cartilage defects in the past decade, ACI has undergone a significant development. Recent improvements of ACI include MACI, in vivo scaffolds and related tissue engineering technologies, which exhibit relatively more success in engineering and clinical practice. Nonetheless, limitations still exist and therefore, further researches are required. As a promising alternative of ACI, MACI is more and more widely used in clinical practice for treating articular cartilage defects these years. The long-term curative effect of MACI, however, requires further clinical data to confirm. In addition, other improvements of ACI, in terms of material science, cytology and molecular biology, have been also provided by the developments of in vivo scaffolds and related tissue engineering technologies.

Objective To retrospectively study histopathologic features of ulcerous colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) by endoscopic biopsy. Methods Data of age, gender and intestinal involvement of 106 cases of CD and 180 cases of UC confirmed by pathology were reviewed. Mucosal architecture, chronic inflammation, acute inflammation and epithelial features were evaluated based on histopathological criteria.These features were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with CD cases, UC showed significantly higher percentage of architectural disorders ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), lower percentage of discontinuous chronic inflammation ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) and higher incidence of cryptitis, crypt abscesses and polymorph cells in lamina propria (P ＜0. 05 ), and higher rate of epithelium damage, flattened and less mucous cell as well. Granuloma, pseudo pylorus glands metaplasia and narrow ulcer only occurred in CD cases. Lesions of 90% (162/180) cases of UC were limited to colon, while those of 28% (30/106) of CD cases to ileocecum, and those of 56% (59/106) CD cases involved different parts of gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion Diagnosis of CD and UC needs comprehensive analysis. Diagnostic evidence for CD includes focal involvement of ileocecum, the multifocal involvement in gastrointestinal tract, granuloma, discontinuous inflammation, pyloric gland metaplasia, while that for UC includes mucosal damage limited to colon, continuous chronic inflammation, architectural disorders, or epithelial damage.

Objective To investigate the effect of T cell vaccination(TCV)on the survival time of cardiac allograft in rat.Methods Rat heterotopic cardiac transplantation was performed,Donor antigenprimed recipients' spleen cells were obtained bv 1/3 splenectomy for the preparation of TCV.TCV was then intraperitoneally into the abdominal cavity again.The survival time of cardiac allograft was observed.Results TCV could markedly prolonged rat cardiac allograft survival.T cell proliferation was increased and B cell proliferation was not affected in the vaccinated rats.The mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)was inhibited,The analysis of phenotypes on T cells showed that the number of CD8+ clones in vaccine cells and vaccinated rat spleen cells were increased.The antibody-mediated cytotoxicity was not affected by TCV.Conclusions TCV enhances the recipients' T cell-mediated immune response.The TCV-induced hyporeactivity to specific donor antigen is related to the induction of anti-idiotypic response and is not associated with humoral mechanisms.