Although heterotopia of pancreatic tissue is a developmental anomaly found in approximately 2% of all autopsies, pancreatic tissue within the thorax and mediastinum is uncommon. In most of these instances, the pancreatic tissue is a component of gastroenteric duplication cysts, intralobar pulmonary sequestrations or teratomas. We describe an anterior mediastinal cyst consisting entirely of pancreatic tissue. A previously healthy 27-year-old woman was admitted due to chest pain during deep inspiration. The computed tomographic scan of the thorax showed a large cyst occupying the right anterior mediastinum. The excised multilocular cystic lesion measured 12 cm in maximum diameter and contained a brown, turbid fluid. The wall was fibrotic and showed a haphazard mixture of ducts and exocrine acini without islets. The histogenesis of this lesion is unclear.
Adult ; Autopsy ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; Chest Pain ; Female ; Humans ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Mediastinum* ; Pancreatic Cyst* ; Teratoma ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Varicose Veins

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distributions at the periodontal ligament (PDL) and displacements of the maxillary first molar when mesially directed force was applied under various molar angulations and rotations. A three dimensional finite element model of the maxillary first molar and its periodontal ligament was made. Upright position, mesially angulated position by 20degrees and distally angulated position of the same degree were simulated to investigate the effect of molar angulation. An anteriorly directed force of 200g, countertipping moment of 1,800gm-mm (9:1 moment/force ratio) and counterrotation moment of 1,000gm-mm (5:1 moment/force ratio) were applied in each situation. To evaluate the effect of molar rotation on the stress distribution, mesial-in rotation by 20degrees and the same amount of distal-in rotation were simulated. The same force and moments were applied in each situation. The results were as follows: In all situations, there was no significant difference in mesially directed tooth displacement. Also, any differences in stress distributions could not be found, in other words, there were no different mesial movements. Stress distributions and tooth displacement of the 20degrees mesially angulated situation were very similar with those of the 20degrees distal-in rotated situation. The same phenomenon was obserned between the 20degrees distally angulated situation and 20degrees mesial-in rotated situation. When the tooth was mesially angulated, or distal-in rotated, mesially directed force made the tooth rotate in the coronal plane, with its roots moving buccally, and its crown moving lingually. When the tooth was distally angulated, or mesial-in rotated, mesially directed force made the tooth rotate in the coronal plane, with its roots moving lingually, and its crown moving buccally. When force is applied to an angulated or rotated molar, the orthodontist should understand that additional torque control is needed to prevent unwanted tooth rotation in the coronal plane.
Crowns ; Molar* ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Tooth ; Torque

This study includes 19 cases of complicated low extremity injury to whom underwent microvascular free-tissue transfer in cases of open comminuted fracture, osteomyelitis, and vascular compromise or extensive soft tissue defect from Nov. 1994 to July 1997. The average time after injury to coverage was 25 days. The nineteen patients underwent a total of nineteen free tissue transfers primarily, and eighteen (94.7 per cent) of the transfers survived. Major complications were encountered recurrent failure of the free tissue transfer in one patient and partial necrosis in the other flap, which were successfully treated by flow-through radial forearm free flap and distally based superficial sural artery flap respectively. Two patients were sustained below knee amputation, one above knee amputation, despite of survival of flaps. This reveals limb salvage in 84 percent. The microvascular reconstruction is a versatile and reliable methods in complicated cases after severe trauma. Free tissue transplantation should be considered as a primary treatment in such complicated cases.
Amputation ; Arteries ; Extremities ; Forearm ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Knee ; Limb Salvage ; Lower Extremity* ; Necrosis ; Osteomyelitis ; Tissue Transplantation ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem*

No abstract available.
Debridement* ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis*

We have compared the computed tomographic(C. T.) findings with those of conventional roentgenogram(simple AP and lateral radiograms) in 18 cases of osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum humeri available for review. Among the 18 cases, 2 cases of them had a lesion of osteochondritis dissecans on C. T. which, however, had not been found on conventional rentgenograms. Fro the 5 cases, which had not clearly found on conventional rentgenograms, 2 loose body on conventional view, 3 cases had different numbers and locations of loose body on C. T. films. On the bases of our findings, we recommend that C. T. is necessary in early detection and the determination of anatomical location and status of osteochondritis dissecans of capitellum.
Osteochondritis Dissecans ; Osteochondritis

PURPOSE: To investigate the optimal delay and acquisition time for discrimination of the arterial from thevenous phase in ultrafast 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the carotid artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wereviewed the MR angiographic findings of 233 patients in whom carotid stenosis and cerebrovascular disease weresuspected. On the basis of delay and acquisition time they were divided into four groups. In the first three,contrast material was injected manually, and after the optimal time, mechanical injection was used for the lastgroup. On the basis of signal intensity of the carotid artery, image quality was graded in four steps.Discrimination of the arterial from the venous phase was graded in three steps, based on the degree of venousenhancement. RESULTS: The best grade of image quality was 70% in the first group, 85% in the second, and 95% inthe third. In discrimination of the arterial-venous phase, the most definite grade was 50% in the first group, 62%in the second, and 75% in the third. Between manual and mechanical injection groups, there was no significantdifference in image quality and discrimination of the arterial-venous phase. CONCLUSION: These results suggestthat for ultrafast 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography of the carotid artery, with manual injection of contrastmaterial, 8-second delay time and 7-second acqusistion time are optimal.
Angiography* ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Stenosis ; Discrimination (Psychology)* ; Humans

Various methods were used to estimate the proliferative activity of tumor cells, including the Ki-67 labeling index, proliferating cell nuclear antigen the Brdurd labeling technique, the mitotic index, and flow cytometric analysis. Several recent reports have indicated that these parameters of cellular proliferation may be of some prognostic significance. In this study, cellular proliferative activities in 105 gastric cancer patients were analyzed with various clinicopathologic factors by using the ki-67 labeling index. The monoclonal antibody to the Ki-67 antigen detects a nuclear antigen expressed in all phases of the cell cycle except G0, and has been widely used to determine the proliferative activity of neoplastic tissues. The Ki-67 labeling index (the number of Ki-67 positive tumor cells divided by the sum of Ki-67 positive and negative tumor cells) was derived by counting 1,000 cells in each case. A significant difference was noted between advanced and early gastric cancer. Advanced gastric cancer lesions showed a mean value of 32.15, about 1.7 times greater than that of the early gastric cancer lesions, 18.32 (p=0.001). The presence or absence of lymph node metastasis also showed a significant difference. The mean value of Ki-67 with lymph node metastasis was 31.78 whereas that without metastasis was 19.48 (p=0.001). There was also a significant difference in Ki-67 LI between each stage (p=0.010). However, no statistically significant differences were noted in age, sex, tumor location, histological differentiation, lauren type, and tumor size. Conclusion : High Ki-67 LI may suggest active cellular proliferation and increased risk of advanced cancer and lymph node metastasis. Ki-67 LI may be used as a possible independent parameter to predict the outcome of gastric cancer treatment.
Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Lymph Nodes ; Mitotic Index ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*