No abstract available.
Angiofibroma* ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Lasers, Gas* ; Sirolimus* ; Tuberous Sclerosis*

No abstract available.
Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1* ; Neurofibromin 1 ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Stents

Infectious diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract are rare, but certain bacteria including Treponema pallidum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis may infect the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum even in an immunocompetent individual. Gastric syphilis is difficult to diagnose because it presents with non-specific symptoms and diverse endoscopic findings. Nevertheless, gastric syphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a patient presents with chronic inflammatory gastric lesions such as multiple erosive/ulcerative lesions and stricture or with other evidence of syphilis. Histological evaluation and specific serological tests should be performed if syphilis is suspected. Esophageal and gastroduodenal tuberculosis also exhibits non-specific clinical manifestations. The diagnosis is confirmed by mucosal biopsy or aspiration cytology revealing the presence of caseating granulomata and/or acid-fast bacilli. Mycobacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction should be incorporated into routine diagnostic studies to improve the diagnostic sensitivity. The diagnosis of tuberculosis is occasionally confirmed indirectly by an excellent response of the patient to anti-tubercular therapy.
Bacteria ; Biopsy ; Communicable Diseases ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Duodenum ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serologic Tests ; Stomach ; Syphilis ; Treponema pallidum ; Tuberculosis ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Further understanding of male human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is necessary to prevent infection in men, as well as transmission to women. In our current study, we investigated patterns of HPV infection and genotype distributions in male genital warts using the Anyplex II HPV28 Detection kit. We reviewed the medical records of 80 male patients who presented to 5 neighborhood clinics in Ulsan, Korea, for the treatment of genital warts between April 2014 and January 2015. All patients underwent HPV genotyping. The prevalence and characteristics of HPV infection were analyzed, and the patterns of HPV infection according to age were assessed. Among the study patients, 13 (16.3%) were negative for HPV infection, 46 (57.3%) were infected with low-risk HPV, and 21 (26.3%) were infected with high-risk HPV. Patients with multiple HPV infection were more likely to have high-risk HPV infection (P = 0.001). The prevalence of HPV infection was much higher in samples obtained by tissue excision due to a definite lesion (P = 0.001). There were no differences in high-risk HPV infection (P = 0.459), multiple HPV infection (P = 0.185), and recurrence at diagnosis (P = 0.178) according to age. HPV-6 and HPV-11 were the most common type overall (39.7% and 13.8%, respectively). HPV-16 and HPV-18 were the most common high-risk infections (both 3.4%). HPV infection is not only commonly encountered in male genital warts, but is also accompanied by high-risk HPV and multiple infections.
Adult ; Condylomata Acuminata/epidemiology/*pathology/virology ; DNA, Viral/genetics/metabolism ; Genotype ; Human papillomavirus 11/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Human papillomavirus 16/genetics/isolation & purification ; Human papillomavirus 18/genetics/isolation & purification ; Human papillomavirus 6/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: To compare clinical and radiographic outcomes between intramedullary nail fixation and percutaneous K-wire fixation for fractures in the distal third portion of the metacarpal bone. METHODS: A single-institutional retrospective review identified 41 consecutive cases of metacarpal fractures between September 2009 and August 2013. Each of the cases met the inclusion criteria for closed, extra-articular fractures of the distal third of the metacarpal bone. The patients were divided by the method of fixation (intramedullary nailing or K-wire). Outcomes were compared for mean and median total active motion of the digit, radiographic parameters, and period until return to work. Complications and symptoms were determined by a questionnaire. RESULTS: During the period under review, 41 patients met the inclusion criteria, and the fractures were managed with either intramedullary nailing (n=19) or percutaneous K-wire fixation (n=22). The mean and median total active range of motion and radiographic healing showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. No union failures were observed in either group. The mean operation time was shorter by an average of 14 minutes for the percutaneous K-wire fixation group. However, the intramedullary nailing group returned to work earlier by an average of 2.3 weeks. Complications were reported only in the K-wire fixation group. CONCLUSIONS: Intramedullary nailing fixation is advisable for fractures in the distal third of the metacarpal bone. It provides early recovery of the range of motion, an earlier return to work, and lower complication rates, despite potentially requiring a wire removal procedure at the patient's request.
Fracture Fixation ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary* ; Fractures, Closed ; Humans ; Metacarpal Bones ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Return to Work ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Despite radical lymph node dissection and combined resection, the operative results of treating advanced gastric cancer remains inadequate. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for recurrence of gastric cancer and the pattern of recurrence after curative resection for advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: Out of 220 patients who underwent curative resection for advanced gastric cancer from 1990 to 2000, 50 whose recurrence was confirmed by clinical, radiological, endoscopic or reoperative findings were studied retrospectively. We undertook a detailed analysis of the pattern of recurrence based on the morphologic and histopathologic characteristics of the initial tumor. RESULTS: The mean time to recurrence was 19.0 months. Early recurrence was found in 38 patients (76.0%), intermediate recurrence was found in 11 patients (22.0%), and late recurrence was found in 1 patient (2.0%). The patterns of recurrence were as follows: hepatic recurrence was found in 14 cases, peritoneal recurrence in 19 cases, local recurrence in 10 cases, extraperitoneal recurrence in 6 cases. In univariate analysis, the depth of invasion, extent of lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and combined resection were important for recurrence. In multivariate analysis, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis were important for recurrence. CONCLUSION: The peritoneal recurrence was the most frequently encountered pattern of recurrence. The two years following surgery was the most important period for recurrence. Depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis were related to recurrence with statistical significance. Since the results of treatment remain dismal, studies of perioperative adjuvant therapy in an attempt to reduce recurrence are warranted.
Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Titanium has many advantages of high biocompatibility, physical porperties, low-weight, low price and radiolucency, but it is incompatible with conventional dental porcelain due to titanium's oxidative nature. Many previous studies have shown that they used the method of sandblast for surface treatment prior to porcelain application, the researchs are processing about the method of acid etching or surface coating. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to study the effect on bond strength between titanium and porcelain when using macro-surface treatment and micro-surface treatment and macro and micro surface treatment . MATERIAL AND METHOD: In this study, we evaluated the bond strength by using 3-point bending test based on ISO 9693 after classified 7 groups - group P : polished with #1200 grit SiC paper, group SS : sandblasted with 50 micrometer aluminum oxides, group LS : sandblasted with 250 micrometer alumium oxides, group HC : treated with 10 % hydrochloric acid, group NF : treated with 17% solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid, group SHC : treated with 10 % hydrochloric aicd after sandblsting with 50 micrometer alumium oxides, group SNF : treated with 17 % solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid. RESULTS: Within the confines of our research, the following results can be deduced. 1. Group SS which was sandblasted with 50 micrometer aluminum oxides showed the highest bond strength of 61.74 MPa and significant differences(P<0.05). The bond strengths with porcelain in groups treated acid etching after sandblasting decreased more preferable than the group treated with sandblasting only. It gives significant differences(P<0.05). 2. After surface treatments, the group treated with sandblasting showed irregular aspect formed many undercuts, in the SEM photographs. The group treated with hydrochloric acid had the sharp serrated surfaces, the group treated with the solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid had the smooth surfaces, the group with sandblasting and hydrochloric acid had irrigular and porous structure, the group with sandblasting and the solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid had craterlike surfaces. But all of the groups treated with acid etching was not found and undercut. CONCLUSION: In above results, average surface roughness increase, bond strength also increase, but surface topographs influences more greatly on bond strengths.
Aluminum ; Dental Porcelain ; Hydrochloric Acid ; Nitric Acid ; Oxides ; Titanium

OBJECTIVE: Macrosomia is associated with increased birth injury and neonatal morbidity as well as a higher rate of cesarean delivery. Our purpose was to determine whether induction of labor after sonographic diagnosis of fetal macrosomia could improve maternal and neonatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: The hospital records of 180 patients who delivered of an inFant with birth weight over 4000 gm were reviewed. The subjects were divided into three groups based on obstetric management as follows.. expectant management after sonographic diagnosis of fetal macrosomia(group I), induction of labor(group lI), unexpected patients who were underestimated of fetal weight(estimated fetal weight<90th percentile) (groupIII), Patients who underwent elective cesarean delivery and complicated with diabetes were excluded. Outcome variables for comparison in three groups were mode of delivery, 5 minute Apgar score below 7, presence of cephalohematoma, clavicular fracture, brachial plexus injury, and intraventricular hemorrhage. RESULTS: One hundred eighty patients who eligible for the study, of whom 32 patients were included to group I, 57 patients to group lI, and 91 patients to group Ill, respectively. The cesarean rate within elective induction group was 49%, which was significant higher than the 16% rate in expectant management group and 19% in unexpected group(p<0.05). The observed rates of cephalohematoma, clavicular fracture and 5 min Apgar score below 7 were not significantly different in three groups. CONCLUSIONS: There was an significant increased cesarean delivery rate without improvement in neonatal outcomes or reduction in birth injury among pregnancies in which labor was electively induced after sonographic diagnosis of fetal macrosomia. Elective induction of labor should be discharged in cases with fetal macrosomia.
Apgar Score ; Birth Injuries ; Birth Weight ; Brachial Plexus ; Diagnosis* ; Female ; Fetal Macrosomia* ; Hemorrhage ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

The purpose of this article is to review the past history of hand surgery briefly and to overview of a vision of hand surgery over next generations in republic of Korea. There were three characteristics of the past history of digit replantation in Korea. Due to the tremendous use of press machine, the replantation surgery for finger amputation had been developed rapidly from 1980's to 1990's period. Also new microsurgery techniques had been introduced such as toe pulp free flap for digit reconstruction. These techniques had been developed based on the medical health insurance system for the factory employees. Future of hand surgery in Korea can be anticipated as followings: operative microscopy and robotics may help surgeons to anastomosis very tiny micro-vessels; the functional recovery of fingers and hands will be more important; incidence of degenerative disease, musculoskeletal system disorder due to excessive use and injury during sports will increase; new materials such as artificial joint will be used more frequently according to the innovation of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; specialist system for hand surgeon will be settled. Since there are a lot of hand surgeon who has a mission to alleviate patient's pain and injury, there will be a continuous growth of hand surgery in Korea.
Amputation ; Family Characteristics ; Fingers ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insurance, Health ; Joints ; Korea ; Microscopy ; Microsurgery ; Missions and Missionaries ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Replantation ; Republic of Korea ; Robotics ; Specialization ; Sports ; Tissue Engineering ; Toes ; Vision, Ocular