No abstract available.
Frontal Sinus* ; Osteoma*

No abstract available.
Fistula*

No abstract available.
Autografts* ; Cartilage* ; Transplantation, Autologous*

This study investigated the effect of temporary cement and desensitizer on the bond strength of luting cements. Total 96 dentin specimens were divided into two groups with and without temporary cementation. For temporary cement-treated group, specimens were cemented with Temp-bond(R) and all specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 celsius degrees for 7 days. Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups with Gluma(R), One-step(R) application and without desensitizer. After desensitizer application, Ni-Cr specimens were luted to dentin surface with Panavia-F(R) and Vitremer(R). Specimens were placed in distilled water at 37 celsius degrees for 24 hours and shear bond strength between metal and dentin was measured by a universal testing machine. The results were as follows: 1. In Panavia-F(R) cemented groups, the combination of One-step(R) without temporary cement showed the greatest strength. Among the desensitizer types, One-step(R) showed the highest bond strength, followed by No-desensitizer, Gluma(R). 2. In Vitremer(R) cemented groups, the combination of no temporary cement and without desensitizer showed the greatest bond strength. Among the desensitizer types, No-desensitizer group showed the highest bond strength. 3. The use of Gluma(R) significantly reduced the shear bond strength in Panavia-F(R) and Vitremer(R) groups. 4. All temporary cement-treated groups showed a significant lower shear bond strength than without temporary cement groups. 5. Desensitizer application significantly influenced the bond strength of the resin cement and resin modified glass ionomer cement.
Cementation ; Dentin ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Resin Cements ; Water

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral upgaze palsy associated with unilateral midbrain hemorrhage in moyamoya disease. METHODS: A 29-year-old woman presented with a sudden decrease of consciousness and was diagnosed with a spontaneous brain hemorrhage in the right side of the midbrain, right basal ganglion, and third ventricle. The mentality was improved after external ventricular drainage of hemorrhage, but bilateral upgaze difficulty remained. We performed neuro-ophthalmic and radiologic evaluation of the cause of bilateral upgaze difficulty. RESULTS: She showed a upgaze limitation of -2 grade in the right eye and -3 grade in the left eye, but normal movements in other versions and ductions. There were normal responses in pupillary light reflex, forced duction and convergence tests, but no ocular elevation in the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex. The Bell's phenomenon was absent. She was diagnosed with moyamoya disease through brain MRI and cerebral angiography, and we found a hemorrhage in the right area of the midbrain. This hemorrhagic area was consistent with the right rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF). We think that the bilateral upgaze palsy was caused by damage to the riMLF in the affected side and to projections through the posterior commissure.
Adult ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Consciousness ; Drainage ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesencephalon* ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Paralysis* ; Reflex ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular ; Third Ventricle

The purpose of this report is to present the successful improvement of occlusal relationship and facial esthetics in Class II div.1 malocclusion by orthodontic treatment with upper first premolars and lower second premolars extracted. Before treatment, the patients showed Class II div. 1 relation with severe overjet, deep overbite, large ANB angle, retrusive mandible and a convex soft tissue profile. After treatment, normal canine and molar relationships were obtained. Facial esthetics were improved. There were no mesial tipping of lower first molars and root resorptions. With the adequate diagnosis and treatment plan and biomechanics, the application of upper first and lower second premolar extraction may be one of good strategies in some Class II cases treatment.
Bicuspid* ; Diagnosis ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; Molar ; Overbite ; Root Resorption

Holoprosencephaly is a complex abnormality of the forebrain that is postulated to derive from a failure in the diverticulation of the embryonic prosencephalon. Early antenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly is important to find out its severity, to predict its prognosis and to determine proper treatment according to its prognosis and severity. With recent development of high resolution ultrasonography, it is possible to detect a fetus with holoprosencephaly at early antenatal period. We report a case of alobar holoprosencephaly, diagnosed antenatally with its sonographic and autopsy finding.
Autopsy ; Fetus ; Holoprosencephaly* ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Prosencephalon ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Cardiovascular diseases are a common cause of mortality in patients with end stage renal disease and are associated with vascular calcification (VC) and arterial stiffness. In addition to high turnover bone disease, there is substantial evidence that low levels of serum intact PTH (iPTH) are associated with vascular calcium deposition. The objective was to evaluate the association of iPTH levels with VC, arterial stiffness, and to identify risk factors contributing to VCs and arterial stiffness. METHODS: One hundred five hemodialysis (HD) patients were divided into three groups according to iPTH levels: A, <150 pg/mL; B, 150< or =and< or =400 pg/mL; and C, >400 pg/mL. The simple vascular calcification score (SVCS) was obtained by X-ray; the brachial ankle-pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) and the serum fetuin-A level was mesured. RESULTS: Patients in group A were older and had a higher SVCS, a prevalence of diabetes, and an increased arterial stiffness. Severe VCs (SVCS> or =3) were associated with the low iPTH group (iPTH<150)/a higher CRP/a lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP)/diabetes/ increased arterial stiffness/older age and a lower serum fetuin-A level. The log [ba-PWV] had a positive correlation with age, systolic blood pressure (SBP)/DBP/PP/CRP/presence of diabetes and low iPTH and a negative correlation with serum albumin. Based on multivariate analysis, the low iPTH group and diabetes were identified as independent risk factors of severe VC and age/SBP/CRP and diabetes were risk factors for arterial stiffness. CONCLUSION: Low iPTH levels and/or diabetes had a greater risk of developing VCs and age/SBP/CRP/diabetes were associated with increased arterial stiffness in HD patients.
alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Vessels ; Bone Diseases ; Calcium ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Prevalence ; Renal Dialysis ; Risk Factors ; Serum Albumin ; Vascular Calcification ; Vascular Stiffness

BACKGROUND: Disability of Activities of daily living (ADL) is the most important factor for care of dementia patients. So Korean Dementia Association has prepared the survey for current state and cognition of active daily living in Korean dementia patients. METHODS: A total of 100 subjects were interviewed. Structured open and closed questions about ADL for dementia were asked. They are main caregivers of dementia patients who working over 5hours per day. Assessments included age, sex, education level, economic status, severity of dementia patients, pattern of the care-giving, current state and cognition of ADL, and needs of the caregivers. RESULTS: The cognition of ADL was very low (51%) and this is correlated with economic status. Increasing of care-giving time is the most stressful for caregivers, they frequently suffered from disability of outgoing and personal hygiene. Dementia patient's ADL disability causes serious economic losses, need of the caregivers about guide lines or education program was very high. CONCLUSION: Considering these results, we should design more detailed study about dementia patient's ADL disability and prepare guide line or program for it.
Activities of Daily Living ; Caregivers ; Cognition ; Dementia ; Humans ; Hygiene

BACKGROUND: Nitrous oxide is a safe analgesics which has analgesic and sedative effects without loss of consciousness. The advantage of Nitrous oxide is that it has a rapid onset time and that we can modulate duration of its action. The purpose of this experiment is to obtain the safe and effective concentration of Nitrous oxide in Emergency Department as use of analgesics and sedative drugs. METHODS: Twenty volunteers were investigated according to double blind method. Nitrous oxide was administrated to volunteer subjects at different concentrations ; 33%, 50%, 67% each. Then we evaluated the Pain score, Blood pressure, Heart rate, Respiratory rate, Oxygen saturation and its side effects. RESULTS: Pain Score were 8.4+/-2.1 at 33%, 6.1+/-1.5 at 50%, and 3.65+/-2.2 at 67% of Nitrous oxide. Pain Score is decreased significantly following administration of Nitrous oxide at concentration of 50%, 67%(P<0.05). There was no difference between preadministration group and postadministration group. While no remarkable change in systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. Respiratory rate showed significant increase when 679o of Nitrous oxide was administrated. There was no side effect in administration of 33% of Nitrous oxide. When 50% of Nitrous oxide was administrated, there were dizziness 5(25%), paresthesia 2(10%), nausea 1(5%), palpitation 1(5%) and hyperethesia 1(5%). At 679o of Nitrous oxide, there were nausea 7(35%), dizziness 6(30%), paresthesia 5(25%), headache 5(25%), diplopia 2(10%), dysphoria 2(10%), salivation 1(5%), dyspnea 1(5%), nystagmus 1(5%), tinnitus 1(5%) and euphoria1 (5%). Incidence of side effect increased as the concentration of Nitrous oxide was increased. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that safe and effective concentration of Nitrous oxide is 50% as analgesics and sedative drugs in the emergency department.
Analgesics ; Blood Pressure ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Double-Blind Method ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Incidence ; Nausea ; Nitrous Oxide* ; Oxygen ; Paresthesia ; Respiratory Rate ; Salivation ; Tinnitus ; Unconsciousness ; Volunteers