In an EEG study of event—related potentials(REP),40 healthy volunteers partici-pated in a preliminary experiment for lie detection.This experiment required the subjects to answerwhether recognize some one in a random photo—showing.A positive rate of 95% and a false negativerate of 5% were found in this experiment.The amplitudes and area of P_(300) were proved,though prelimi-nary,to serve as an objective ground for lie detection no matter what the answer the subject made.

Objective To observe the MSCT features of invasive pulmonary tuberculosis,and to investigate its effect on the prognosis.Methods 60 patients with invasive pulmonary tuberculosis were selected as the study subjects.The gold standard was in sputum culture and histopathology.The clinical value of MSCT in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary tuberculosis was evaluated.The distribution and morphological characteristics of the lesions in the invasive pulmonary tuberculosis were observed and analyzed.The patients were divided into the treatment group and the death group.The morphological changes of lung lesions were compared between the two groups.Results In 60 patients,a total of 45 patients with invasive pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed,MSCT of infiltrating pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive rate,negative predictive rate,correct rate,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,diagnostic accordance rate were 93.3%,80.0%,93.3%,80.0%,73.3%,20.0%, 6.7%,90.0%,respectively.On the lung multiple patchy shadow,real change shadow,multiple nodules,cavity shadow, on the unilateral lung syndrome,and branch sign and halo sign is the main sign of invasive pulmonary tuberculosis. Before treatment,MSCT signs of deterioration of chest between the treatment group and death group had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the proportion of effusion lesions in the treatment group was significantly decreased compared with before and during the same period of treatment(37.5%vs 76.9%;3.1%vs 92.3%),the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =5.750,16.541,all P<0.05).After 8 weeks of treat-ment,the proportions of effusion,nodules and cavity lesions in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the deteriorated group(3.1% vs 92.3%;0.0% vs 15.4%;6.2% vs 38.5%),the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =16.541,5.152,7.302,all P<0.05).Conclusion Morphological changes of MSCT in invasive pulmonary tuberculosis have certain characteristics.In the diagnosis,differential diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of invasive pulmonary tuberculosis,MSCT has high value.

To explore the role of apoptosis, apoptosis regulating genes in the pathogenesis and development of smoke inhalation injury. With smoke inhalation injury rat model, the changes int the expression of Bcl 2, Bax, Fas, FasL genes mRNA and protein contents and their relationship with apoptosis of lung tissue cells at different time points after the injury were observed with TUNEL, immunohistochemistry and RT PCR techniques. The results showed that: ①apoptosis indet of lung colls after smoke inhalation injury increased, ②expressions of Bcl 2, Bax, Fas, FasL genes were obviously up regulated in injury group, peaking at the 12th hour, whereas the peak of protein expression was at the 24th hour. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the expression of Fas, Fasl, Bax gene and apoptosis indices in lung cells. The results suggested that apoptosis participated in the early pathological process of smoke inhalation injury, and apoptosis regulating genes foot part in the regulation of apoptosis in smoke inhalation injury.

Objective To investigate the status of biological membrane(biofilm) formation in the bronchi of old patients treated with mechanical air,and clarify its correlations and risk factors.Methods The retaining time in 25 bronchi from 22 cases of old patients and the results of bacterial culture were analyzed.Results Bacteria culture-positive samples are 22 cases isolated from 25 endotrached tube,accounting for 88%.Negative samples are 3 cases,accounting for 12%.Conclusion The density of bacteria is corresponding to the time of tubing in the bronchi.With the extension of tubing time,the quantity of bacteria is greatly increased.

Objective To explore the reference value of interleukin(IL)-33 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF)-α in early diagnosis,illness evaluation and prognosis of acute pancreatitis(AP) by dynamically monitoring the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α.Methods A total of 86 patients with AP were selected as objectives which were divided into two groups according the severity of illness which include 59 cases of mild AP group(MAP) and 27 cases of severe AP group(SAP),52 cases of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) group and 34 cases of non SIRS group distinguished by SIRS,75 cases of survival group and 11 cases of death group identified by prognosis of AP.All of patients were assessed by Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis(BISAP) score within 48 h after admission and detected the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α at the first day,third day,seventh day and fourteenth day during hospital.A total of 63 healthy persons were recruited into control group.Results The serum levels of IL-33,TNF-α and BISAP score of SAP group and MAP group were higher than those of the control group in different monitoring time,but the SAP group increased more obviously than MAP group.The serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of SAP group were higher than those of MAP group at the first day,third day,seventh day and fourteenth day during hospital,and the differences between them had statistical significance(P<0.05).The serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of SAP group increased to peak at the third day and reduced gradually after conventional treatment(the seventh day in the hospital).The serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of SIRS group were significant higher than those of non SIRS group(P<0.05).The serum levels of IL-33,TNF-α and BISAP score of death group were significant higher than those of survival group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis suggested that there were positive correlations between BISAP and the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of AP patients.Conclusion There is an important clinical value to the early diagnosis,severity classification,guiding clinical treatment and the assessment of prognosis of AP by dynamically monitoring the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-αof AP patients.

Objective To examine the effect of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on local pancreas pathological changes, serum levels of amylase, IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Fifty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: CO2 experiment group ( n =20): SAP was induced by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate through retrogradely common biliopancreatic ducts via duodenal papilla,and then CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established at a pressure of 12 mmHg for 30 min; SAP group ( n = 20): The rats were treated as same as CO2 experiment group, excepting CO2 pneumoperitoneum; Control group (n = 10): Abdomen was incised and nothing was done to duodenum and pancreas except for moving them softly. The blood samples were gathered for examining serum levels of amylase, IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin, and histopathologic examination of pancreas was done.Results Compared with control group, the pancreatic pathologic histology score, serum levels of amylase,IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin were significantly higher in the CO2 experiment group and SAP group (P =0.000). The levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in CO2 experiment group compared to SAP group (P =0. 000). There was no significant difference between CO2 experiment group and SAP group in pancreatic pathologic histology score( P =- 0.294), the levels of serum amylase ( P = 0.073 ), E-selectin and P-selectin. Conclusions CO2 pneumoperitoneum has no adverse effect on the changes of pathological histopathology and the levels of IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin in SD rats with SAP.

Objective To explore the feasibility of thoracic sympathectomy under video mediastinoscopy (VM) for palmar hyperhidrosis. Methods Operations on 55 patients with palmar hyperhidrosis were performed under general anesthesia with double lumen endotracheal tube placement. The patients were maintained in the 30?～45? semi-sitting position, with abduction of both arms to 90?. The VM entered the thoracic cavity via the third intercostal space on the anterior axillary line. The T 2～T 4 sympathetic ganglions were resected by electrocautery. Results Hyperhidrosis disappeared postoperatively in all the cases. The temperature of patients' both hands increased by 1.5～3 ℃,with their both hands becoming dry and warm. The operation time was 20～40 min (mean, 30 min) and the hospital stay was 3～7 d (mean, 4 d). No severe complications occurred. Mild subcutaneous emphysema along with pneumothorax was found in 3 cases and compensatory hyperhidrosis in the trunk happened in 5 cases. Conclusions Thoracic sympathectomy under VM is less invasive and simpler than that under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis, being a feasible alternative.

Objective:To investigate the root length,number and the transverse shape of first maxillary molars using root sectioning technique. Methods:100 isolated first permanent maxillary molars from above 20 years old patients were collected. The roots were cross-sectioned in three parts(superior 1/3,middle 1/3 and apex 1/3) after measuring the length of roots. The transverse shape of root canals were observed under the stereomicroscope.The number and shape of root in three parts of roots were recorded. Results:The length of lingual root,MB and DB of the first maxillary molar is (13.82?1.51) mm;(13.06?1.12) mm and (11.64?0.85) mm respectively; complex degree of MB and DB of the first marxillar molar is very high. 51% double roots in superior 1/3 of MB were found. Above 50% dual roots in the middle 1/3and apex 1/3 in the mesiobuccal root of first maxillar molar were recorded. Conclusion:Root number and transverse configuration in MB and DB of first maxillary molar varied in different parts of roots; There may be double root canals in medium 1/3 and apex 1/3 in MB of first maxillary molar when one line type canal in superior 1/3 was found.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus auricular point sticking in treating hemifacial spasm. Methods Fifty-six patients with hemifacial spasm were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 28 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus auricular point sticking, while the control group was by ordinary acupuncture, and the clinical efficacies were compared. Results The total effective rate was 89.3%in the treatment group versus 67.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Acupuncture plus auricular point sticking is an effective method in treating hemifacial spasm.

Objective To explore the plasma levels and clinical significance of osteoprotegerin(OPG)and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL)in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods In 110 patients with CHF and 80 normal controls,the plasma levels of OPG and RANKL were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay method.Results The plasma level of OPG in patients with CHF[(135.91±41.83)ng/L]was significantly higher than that in normal controls[(90.13±29.09)ng/L](P＜0.05).The plasma level of RANKL in patients with CHF[(90.82±32.14)ng/L]was significantly higher than that in normal controls[(59.78±20.11)ng/L](P＜0.05).The plasma levels of OPG and RANKL increased with the augment of NYHA functional ranking(P＜0.05).The plasma levels of OPG and RANKL had negative relationship with left ventricular ejection fraction(r=-0.33 and-0.36,P＜0.05).Conclusions The plasma levels of OPG and RANKL in patients with CHF are elevated and related with heart function.OPG and RANKL may participate in the occurrence and development of CHF.