PURPOSE: This study was done to provide data that would contribute to effective task performance in clinical nursing and development of nursing professional by understanding job stress, job satisfaction and organizational commitment according to Life Organization (LIFO) behavior types of novice nurses. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional survey and the participants were 313 novice nurses who worked in one university hospital located in the city of Gwangju. Data were collected through the structured questionnaires that included general characteristics, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment scales. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 19.0. RESULTS: Regarding job stress according to LIFO behavior types of novice nurses, there were statistically significant differences between the favorable situation and the unfavorable situation. There were also statistically significant differences regarding the organizational commitment according to LIFO behavior types. CONCLUSION: The results indicate a difference in behavior patterns of novice nurses that suggest a need for education in order to reduce stress from the job and enhance organizational commitment by developing each nurse's preferred pattern and compensating for unfavorable patterns, as well. There also needs to be nursing resources that take into consideration behavior patterns of novice nurses.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Gwangju ; Job Satisfaction* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: This study was amied to identify the effects of a 12 week Korean traditional dance movement program on balance, depression, medical cost, medical institution's utilization and fall among elderly women. METHODS: Using a quasi-experimental design, the experimental group was composed of 130 subjects and the control group was composed of 123 subjects. The experimental group participated in a 12 week Korean traditional dance movement program 3 times a week from December 2002 to February 2003. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, paired t-test and t-test. RESULTS: There was siginificant improvement in balance(right leg p=.000, left leg p=.004), depression(p=.000), and the medical institution's utilization(p=.001) and fall(p=.002) in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: A Korean traditional dance movement program improved balance, depression, and decreased fall and medical cost in elderly women. Therefore, we recommend this program be utilized as a health promoting program and falls preventing program for the elderly in the community.
*Musculoskeletal Equilibrium ; Middle Aged ; Korea ; Humans ; Female ; Depressive Disorder/*psychology ; *Dance Therapy ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Accidental Falls/*prevention & control

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated whether a mobile health (mHealth) application can instigate healthy behavioral changes and improvements in metabolic disorders in individuals with metabolic abnormalities. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants were divided into an mHealth intervention group (IG), which used a mobile app for 24 weeks, and a conventional IG. All mobile apps featured activity monitors, with blood pressure and glucose monitors, and body-composition measuring devices. The two groups were compared after 24 weeks in terms of health-behavior practice rate and changes in the proportion of people with health risks, and health behaviors performed by the IG that contributed to reductions in more than one health risk factor were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: Preference for low-sodium diet, reading nutritional facts, having breakfast, and performing moderate physical activity significantly increased in the mHealth IG. Furthermore, the mHealth IG showed a significant increase of eight items in the mini-dietary assessment; particularly, the items “I eat at least two types of vegetables of various colors at every meal” and “I consume dairies, such as milk, yogurt, and cheese, every day.” The proportion of people with health risks, with the exception of fasting glucose, significantly decreased in the mHealth IG, while only the proportion of people with at-risk triglycerides and waist circumference of females significantly decreased in the control group. Finally, compared to those who did not show improvements of health risks, those who showed improvements of health risks in the mHealth IG had an odds ratio of 1.61 for moderate to vigorous physical activity, 1.65 for “I do not add more salt or soy sauce in my food,” and 1.77 for “I remove fat in my meat before eating.” CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the additional use of a community-based mHealth service through a mobile application is effective for improving health behaviors and lowering metabolic risks in Koreans.
Blood Pressure ; Breakfast ; Cheese ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diet ; Diet, Sodium-Restricted ; Disease Management ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Meat ; Milk ; Mobile Applications ; Motor Activity ; Odds Ratio ; Public Health ; Risk Factors ; Smartphone ; Soy Foods ; Telemedicine ; Triglycerides ; Vegetables ; Waist Circumference ; Yogurt

PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the effects of an assertive training program on interpersonal relations, and psychiatric symptoms in patients with a mental disorder. METHOD: The study employed a quasi experimental design. The subjects included44 patients with a mental disorder, 20 in the experimental group, and 24 in the control group. Data was collected using structured questionnaires over a 3 month period. RESULTS: There were greater significant increases in scores of interpersonal relations and content of communication in the experimental group than the control group. Also, there was a greater significant decrease in the score of psychiatric symptoms in the experimental group than the control group. CONCLUSION: Assertive training has an effect on increasing content of communication and decreasing psychiatric symptoms.
*Social Behavior ; Social Adjustment ; Middle Aged ; Mental Disorders/*rehabilitation ; Male ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Humans ; Female ; *Behavior Therapy ; *Assertiveness ; Adult ; Adolescent

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to obtain information of use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and any reported adverse effects of them on vulnerable elders in a community. METHODS: 1,837 elderly subjects aged 65 or higher with health problems were selected from those who were enrolled in a public health care center and received visiting health management services. A proportional stratified sampling method was used. Data collection was completed by face to face interviews using a structured questionnaire. The descriptive statistics and chi2-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAM use last year was 57.5%, and 10.4% of the subjects reported adverse effects of the therapies. The mean score of the subjects' attitudes towards CAM was 4.1+/-3.44 (range 1~10). The major sources of advice and exposure to CAM therapies were most likely to be from family and friends (72.5%). The primary reason for choosing CAM was to manage symptoms and relieve pain (86.6%). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the need to develop nursing strategies for reducing and preventing adverse effects of CAM use by promoting awareness of using safe and appropriate CAM therapies.
Adult* ; Aged ; Complementary Therapies* ; Data Collection ; Friends ; Humans ; Nursing ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

A stent fracture combined with a coronary artery aneurysm is a rare event. As these events can lead to a harmful outcome, such as the development of myocardial ischemia by in-stent restenosis or thrombosis, repeated coronary intervention may be required. We report a case of a stent fracture combined with a coronary artery aneurysm. The fracture was thought to have developed by mechanical stress produced from a change of regional wall motion after an anteroseptal myocardial infarction. As detected by the use of intravascular ultrasound, neither in-stent restenosis nor a thrombus in the fractured stent was present. A cardiac magnetic resonance image showed that no viable myocardium in the anteroseptal wall was present. Therefore, the patient underwent medical treatment without intervention of the fractured stent.
Aneurysm ; Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myocardium ; Stents ; Stress, Mechanical ; Thrombosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the radiologic features of fibrothecoma of the ovary, which is a rare solid tumor originating from the ovarian sex cord-stroma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The radiologic findings of 29 patients with pathologically-proven fibrothecoma of the ovary were retrospectively evaluated for bilaterality, size, shape, margin, echogenecity, CT attenuation, signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging, calcification, and amount of ascites. RESULTS: All fibrothecomas were unilateral, and had well defined margins. The diameter of the mass was 4-18(mean, 9.6)cms. Elghteen of 29 tumors were round or oval with a smooth margin, and eleven were lobulated. The internal architecture of the tumor was purely solid in 21 patients, predominantly solid in six, and pre-dominantly cystic in two. A broad spectrum of sonographic features was apparent, including a homogeneously hypoechoic mass (with posterior shadowing in four cases, and without posterior shadowing in ten), a homoge-neously hyperechoic mass in seven cases, an anechoic mass with septatations in two, and a mixed echoic mass in six. On precontrast CT scans, the mass was isodense to the uterine myometrium in eight of nine cases, while on postcontrast scans the lesion was slightly hypodense to the myometrium in seven cases and isodense in one. On T1-weighted MR images, nine of ten cases showed a relatively homogeneous low signal intensity, while on T2-weighted images, signal intensity was homogeneously low in two patients and predominantly low with focal high intensity in seven of the other eight. On gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images, most tu-mors showed slight heterogeneous enhancement. Calcifications were present in two cases, and in two others there was a large amount of ascites. CONCLUSION: The characteristic finding of ovarian fibrothecomas is a well-defined, oval or lobulated homoge-neously solid mass, which on CT scans enhances less than uterine myometrium and demonstrates a predomi-nantly low signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. However, a predominantly solid mass with cystic components or a predominantly cystic mass may also be presented.
Animals ; Ascites ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Ovary ; Retrospective Studies ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Obesity not only does increase the incidence of breast cancer, but also affects the course of treatment, recurrence and mortality. This study aims to evaluate on the obesity status of Korean breast cancer survivors and their obesity-related lifestyles. METHODS: The study included 125 Korean female breast cancer survivors aged over 19 year old enrolled in the 2009-11 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Women who answered 'yes' to the question 'have you ever been diagnosed breast cancer by a physician?' was defined as a breast cancer survivors. Height, weight, and waist circumference were measured and Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body fat percent was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Standardized surveys by trained interviewers were used to investigate survivors' obesity-related lifestyles such as physical activities, sleeping hours and nutrients intake. RESULTS: 48.4% of Korean breast cancer survivors were obese. 44.7% had abdominal obesity and 89.2% had body fat percent over 30. Their physical activity level was generally low; only 22.5% maintained health-enhancing level of physical activities. Fat intake (14.4 [0.8] %) was as low and carbohydrate intake (74.2 [1.2] %) was high. However, daily dietary fiber intake was low (10.5 [1.1] g). Factors that were found to be significantly related with obesity in Korean breast cancer survivors were low education level (P=0.042), smoking (P<0.001), having chronic diseases (P=0.002) and short sleeping hours (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It is mandatory for physician to evaluate obesity status of breast cancer survivors as soon as their diagnosis and give proper intervention to maintain healthy weight and healthy obesity related lifestyle.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adipose Tissue ; Body Mass Index ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Chronic Disease ; Diagnosis ; Dietary Fiber ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Style* ; Metabolic Equivalent ; Mortality ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity* ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Recurrence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Survivors* ; Waist Circumference

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the result of neurotization on brachial plexus injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 51 patients (87 procedures) who were observed for more than 18 months after neurotization were chosen as subjects. The average follow-up period was 62.8 months, the mean age of patients was 27.8 years, and the average time between the injury and operation was 6.1 months. We performed 60 procedures of the whole arm type, 26 procedures of the upper arm type and 1 procedure of the lower arm type. The intercostal nerve, spinal accessory nerve, the contralateral 7th cervical (C7) nerve, and the phrenic nerve were used as donor nerves. The British Research Council System was used to evaluate the extent of recovery of upper limb function, and the time to first recovery of the muscle was noted. We also analysed results according to the type of injury, time between injury and surgery, and age. RESULTS: 30 procedures showed excellent results, 34 procedures good, 9 procedures fair and 14 procedures poor. In 64 procedures (73.6%) recovery of muscle strength was good or better, and in 73 procedures (83.9%) a recovery of muscle contraction was observed. The earliest evidence of recovery of muscle contraction was observed 6.4 months after using the intercostal nerve. When the contralateral C7 nerve was used, muscle contraction was most delayed. Surgery performed soon after injury and in younger patients produced the best clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: We report that more than 2/3rds of the patients who received neurotization achieved at least a good result, which allowed a certain level of daily activity.
Accessory Nerve ; Arm ; Brachial Plexus* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intercostal Nerves ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle Strength ; Nerve Transfer* ; Phrenic Nerve ; Tissue Donors ; Upper Extremity

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The main objectives of this study were to determine the clinical usefulness of the program-assisted and real ear measurement (REM)-assisted fitting of hearing aids. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Fifteen participants with moderate to moderately severe hearing loss were enrolled in this study. Objective and subjective fitting results were assessed to compare the benefits between the program-assisted fitting (using a software fitting program) and the REM-assisted fitting. Real ear insertion gain (REIG), sound-field audiometry using warble tone, and Korean Hearing in Noise Test (K-HINT) were performed as objective tests. Sound quality rating was performed as a subjective test. RESULTS: In the program fitting, 48.89% of fitting points failed to come within ±10 dB of the REIG target. In the REM fitting, however, the percentage of failure significantly decreased to 23.33% (p=0.013). In K-HINT test, the reception threshold for speech in quiet situation significantly decreased from 50.1 dB HL with the program fitting to 44.7 dB HL after the REM fitting (p < 0.001). In front noise condition, signal-to-noise ratio improved from 4.53 dB to 3.50 dB with the REM fitting without statistical significance (p=0.099). In the sound quality rating, the REM fitting (4.27±0.56) showed a significantly better sound quality ratings than the program fitting (3.69±0.74) (p=0.017). CONCLUSION: The REM fitting showed better results in both subjective and objective measurements than the program fitting.
Audiometry ; Ear* ; Hearing Aids* ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing* ; Methods ; Noise ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio