No abstract available.
Rectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Gram-Negative Bacteria* ; Interleukin-2* ; Mice*

No abstract available.

Background: Telemetry is a wireless implanted device that measures biological signals in conscious animals and usually requires surgery for its removal when the study is finished. After removing the device, the animals are either used for other studies or euthanatized.Case presentation: Herein, we report the case of a living cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) that was used for the entire experimental period, instead of euthanasia, after surgical removal of an implanted telemetry system.Radiography was used to determine the status of the implanted telemetry, following which, a repair surgery was performed for removing the system; clinical signs were used to preserve the life of the cynomolgus monkey. Postoperative clinical signs, food consumption, hematology, and serum biochemistry were examined during the 12-month observational period. No abnormal readings or conditions were observed in the subject after implant removal. Conclusions This study may be a useful case report for living cynomolgus monkeys in telemetry implantations used throughout the study period. We suggest minimizing the suffering and improving the welfare of these animals.

PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between the differences in the ocular component values with the degree of anisomyopia. METHODS: Refraction, corneal power (CP), and biometry were examined in 50 myopic adults with refractive differences (RD) over 1.50 diopters (D). Ocular components were measured by ultrasound biometry and keratometry. The correlation between the differences in the ocular component values with the degree of anisomyopia was analyzed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Among 50 adults with anisomyopia, 5 had RD from 1.50 to 2.99 D, 11 had RD from 3.00 to 3.99 D, 9 had RD from 4.00 to 5.99 D, 12 had RD from 6.00 to 7.99 D, 7 had RD from 8.00 to 11.99 D, and 6 had > or =12.00 D. There was no significant correlation between the ocular components (CP, crystalline lens thickness [LT], and anterior chamber depth [ACD], and the length from the cornea to the posterior surface of the lens [ACD + LT]) and the RD (p > 0.05). The RD showed a significantly positive correlation with vitreous chamber depth (VCD), and axial length (r = 0.963, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of anisomyopia was not correlated with the between-eye differences in the anterior chamber values of the eye (CP, ACD, LT, ACD + LT). The severity of anisomyopia was significantly correlated with the between-eye differences in VCD.
Adult ; Aged ; Anisometropia/complications/physiopathology/*ultrasonography ; Anterior Chamber/*ultrasonography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Acoustic/methods ; Middle Aged ; Myopia/complications/physiopathology/*ultrasonography ; Refraction, Ocular ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: This study was preformed to demonstrate the improvement of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function parameters after albuterol inhalation in asthmatic bronchitis using pneumotachography. METHODS: Fifteen asthmatic bronchitis patients admitted to Ewha Womans University Hospital from September in 1998 to July in 1999 were enrolled in this study. Clinical symptoms and pulmonary function parameters including respiratory rate, heart rate, inspiratory tidal volume(Vi), expiratory tidal volume(Ve), peak tidal expiratory flow(PTEF), tidal expiratory flow at 25% of tidal volume(TEF25), mid-expiratory flow(MEF) and mid-inspiratory flow(MIF), compliance, and pulmonary resistance were evaluated by clinical symptom score and pneumotachography before and after albuterol inhalation treatment. RESULTS: The clinical score was decreased significantly after treatment, but heart rate did not show a significant difference. By flow-volume curve, Ve were 7.39+/-2.11 mL/kg, 9.39+/-3.20 mL/kg, and Vi were 7.44+/-2.08 mL/kg, 9.46+/-3.26 mL/kg, and PTEF were 130.1+/-82.1 mL/kg, 123.1+/-64.8 mL/kg before and after treatment, respectively. All the pulmonary function parameters showed no significant differences before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical symptoms were improved after albuterol inhalation treatment in asthmatic bronchitis, but pulmonary function was not recovered after a short-term treatment.
Albuterol ; Bronchitis* ; Compliance ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Respiratory Rate

In order to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral fosinopril, a new phosphorus containing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, a single dose of 10 to 20mg was administered in 23 hypertensive patients with diastotic blood pressure above 95mmHg and all other anti-hypertensive agents were not administered during 4 weeks of study. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured on the 2nd and 4th week of therapy. The complete blood count with platelet count, blood chemistry by SMA-12 and serum electrolytes were performed at the begining and 4th week of therapy. The urinalysis and electrocardiography were performed at the beginning and 4th week of therapy. Any kinds of side effects were actively questioned by the examining physicians. The following results were obtained : 1) At the beginning and 4th weeks of therapy, the average systolic and diastolic pressure were 170.0+/-17.6/101.6+/-6.1mmHg, 142.7+/-15.1/87.3+/-6.7mmHg respectively. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were declined statistically significantly(p<0.05) throughout the period of treatment and diastolic blood pressure of all subjects except 3 patients(86%) was maintained below 90mmHg after 4th week of treatment. 2) There was no significant change in the pulse rate before and after therapy. 3) There were no significant changes in blood chemistry, serum electrolytes, hematologic findings, urinalysis and electrocardiographic findigns. 4) side effect were developed in 5 patients(23%) with dry cough, 3 patients(13%) with headache and 2 patients with facial edema but side effects were mostly mild in nature without potenitally serious episodes. These results suggested that antihypertensive therapy with onec-daily fosinopril was effective and well tolerated in essential hypertensive patients.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Cell Count ; Blood Pressure ; Chemistry ; Cough ; Edema ; Electrocardiography ; Electrolytes ; Fosinopril* ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Phosphorus ; Platelet Count ; Urinalysis

The sudden onset of respiratory acidosis or alkalosis due to inadequate ventilation during general inhalation anesthesia may influence the action of neuromuscular blocking agents. In virtro animal studies by Funk et al.(1980) suggested that the neuromuscular blocking action of Org NC 45(NC) was minimally depressed above pH 7.68 and significantly potentiated under acidotic conditions(pH 7.05). They proposed that this was the result of an increase in NC metabolism by alkaline hydrolysis in the alkalotic state and greater molecular stability during acidosis. This study was performed to determine the effects of the neuromuscular blocking action of NC during respiratory acidosis and alkalosis. The patients were divided in to 3 groups: 1, ll & lll and experienced normocarbia, hypocarbia and hypercarbia, respectively. Hypocarbia was induced by hyperventilation and hypercarbia by adjustment of a rebreathing valve in the CO2 absorber in the semiclosed system. Simultaneously, arterial blood samples were collected from radial arteries for arterial blood gas analysis including pH and pCO2. Following the administration of succinylcholine(SCC) and the recovery of a 75% twitch height, ED95 of NC was given to the patient and the results were recorded by an evoked electromyograph (NMT, Datex). The results are follows: 1) The number of patients in groups l, ll and lll were 22, 13 and 8, respectively. The patients in each group were evenly distributed with respect to age, body weight and anesthesia. 2) The end-tidal CO2 tension in group l, ll and lll group was 38.86+/-4.62, 20.23+/-2.42 and 52.00+/-4.86mmHg, and the arterial pCO2(pH) was 37.36+/-5.71(7.461+/-0.054), 23.00+/-1.51(7.649+/-0.032) and 53.29+3.35 mmHg(7.314+/-0.026), resptectively. The end-tidal CO2 tension, arterial CO2 tension and pH in group ll and lll were significantly different from those of group l(p<0.05). 3) The onset time of SCC in group ll and lll was shorter than that in group l (p<0.05), but within 1 min in all groups. The duration of SCC in group lll(19.56+/-6.15min) was longer than that in group l (14.74+/-4.56min) (p<0.05). 4) Although there was no significant difference among the groups with respect to onset time and duration, the recovery index in group ll(10.29+/-2.21min) was significantly different from group l and lll(14.76+/-5.26 and 13.50+/-13.67 min, respectively) (p<0.05). After administration of NC in 5 min intervals, twitch tension was measured and the results were inserted into a regression equation which emphasized the delayed recovery in group lll(r=0.87). In conclusion, the recovery index in alkalosis shortened and the initial twitch tension in acidosis following NC administration was delayed compared to that in normocapnis and alkalosis. Patients with alkalosis may require more frequent doses of NC and continuous monitoring following repeated or continuous infusion in acidosis.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Alkalosis ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Body Weight ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Hyperventilation ; Metabolism ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Radial Artery ; Vecuronium Bromide* ; Ventilation