No abstract available.
Animals ; Gram-Negative Bacteria* ; Interleukin-2* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Rectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.

Background: Telemetry is a wireless implanted device that measures biological signals in conscious animals and usually requires surgery for its removal when the study is finished. After removing the device, the animals are either used for other studies or euthanatized.Case presentation: Herein, we report the case of a living cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) that was used for the entire experimental period, instead of euthanasia, after surgical removal of an implanted telemetry system.Radiography was used to determine the status of the implanted telemetry, following which, a repair surgery was performed for removing the system; clinical signs were used to preserve the life of the cynomolgus monkey. Postoperative clinical signs, food consumption, hematology, and serum biochemistry were examined during the 12-month observational period. No abnormal readings or conditions were observed in the subject after implant removal. Conclusions This study may be a useful case report for living cynomolgus monkeys in telemetry implantations used throughout the study period. We suggest minimizing the suffering and improving the welfare of these animals.

PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between the differences in the ocular component values with the degree of anisomyopia. METHODS: Refraction, corneal power (CP), and biometry were examined in 50 myopic adults with refractive differences (RD) over 1.50 diopters (D). Ocular components were measured by ultrasound biometry and keratometry. The correlation between the differences in the ocular component values with the degree of anisomyopia was analyzed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Among 50 adults with anisomyopia, 5 had RD from 1.50 to 2.99 D, 11 had RD from 3.00 to 3.99 D, 9 had RD from 4.00 to 5.99 D, 12 had RD from 6.00 to 7.99 D, 7 had RD from 8.00 to 11.99 D, and 6 had > or =12.00 D. There was no significant correlation between the ocular components (CP, crystalline lens thickness [LT], and anterior chamber depth [ACD], and the length from the cornea to the posterior surface of the lens [ACD + LT]) and the RD (p > 0.05). The RD showed a significantly positive correlation with vitreous chamber depth (VCD), and axial length (r = 0.963, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of anisomyopia was not correlated with the between-eye differences in the anterior chamber values of the eye (CP, ACD, LT, ACD + LT). The severity of anisomyopia was significantly correlated with the between-eye differences in VCD.
Adult ; Aged ; Anisometropia/complications/physiopathology/*ultrasonography ; Anterior Chamber/*ultrasonography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Acoustic/methods ; Middle Aged ; Myopia/complications/physiopathology/*ultrasonography ; Refraction, Ocular ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: This study was preformed to demonstrate the improvement of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function parameters after albuterol inhalation in asthmatic bronchitis using pneumotachography. METHODS: Fifteen asthmatic bronchitis patients admitted to Ewha Womans University Hospital from September in 1998 to July in 1999 were enrolled in this study. Clinical symptoms and pulmonary function parameters including respiratory rate, heart rate, inspiratory tidal volume(Vi), expiratory tidal volume(Ve), peak tidal expiratory flow(PTEF), tidal expiratory flow at 25% of tidal volume(TEF25), mid-expiratory flow(MEF) and mid-inspiratory flow(MIF), compliance, and pulmonary resistance were evaluated by clinical symptom score and pneumotachography before and after albuterol inhalation treatment. RESULTS: The clinical score was decreased significantly after treatment, but heart rate did not show a significant difference. By flow-volume curve, Ve were 7.39+/-2.11 mL/kg, 9.39+/-3.20 mL/kg, and Vi were 7.44+/-2.08 mL/kg, 9.46+/-3.26 mL/kg, and PTEF were 130.1+/-82.1 mL/kg, 123.1+/-64.8 mL/kg before and after treatment, respectively. All the pulmonary function parameters showed no significant differences before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical symptoms were improved after albuterol inhalation treatment in asthmatic bronchitis, but pulmonary function was not recovered after a short-term treatment.
Albuterol ; Bronchitis* ; Compliance ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Respiratory Rate

"Background: In using the Double-lumen tube (DLT), knowing the minimum bronchial cuff volume (MCV) for an effective air-tight seal will be useful; to provide a collapse of the lung; and to avoid pressure damage. The aims of the present study are thus three-fold: to measure the MCV; to measure the diameter of left main bronchus (LMBD); and to prove any relationships between two parameters. METHODS: One hundred men and forty women who needed intubation of left-sided DLT were enrolled in this study. 37 Fr DLTs were used in male patients, and 35 Fr DLTs were used in female patients. We evaluated the MCV by air bubble method and measured the LMBD in chest PA. We also evaluated the pressure/volume characteristics of the bronchial cuffs by control inflator. RESULTS: 29 patients of 100 patients (29%) exhibited persistent air leakage in 2.5 ml cuff volume in male patients (group of MCV >2.5). On the contrary, 18 patients of 40 patients (45%) did not require any cuff volume in female patients (group of MCV 0). The mean LMBD were 13.23 1.45 mm in male and 11.09 0.96 mm in female. There were significant positive correlations between MCV and LMBD in both sex and their respective correlation coefficients were 0.264 (P=0.008) in male and 0.484 (P=0.002) in female. The equations of linear regression were: LMBD = 12.394 0.429xMCV in male, LMBD = 10.725 0.438xMCV in female. CONCLUSIONS: The MCV of the brochial cuffs in left-sided DLTs has significant relationships with the LMBD measured in chest PA.
Bronchi ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Linear Models ; Lung ; Male ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between acute physiologic and chronic health examination (APACHE) II and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and outcomes of post-cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH). METHODS: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors treated with TH between January 2010 and December 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. We captured all components of the APACHE II and SOFA scores over the first 48 hours after intensive care unit (ICU) admission (0 h). The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome measure was neurologic outcomes at the time of hospital discharge. Receiver-operating characteristic and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the predictability of outcomes with serial APACHE II and SOFA scores. RESULTS: A total of 138 patients were enrolled in this study. The area under the curve (AUC) for APACHE II scores at 0 h for predicting in-hospital mortality and poor neurologic outcomes (cerebral performance category: 3-5) was more than 0.7, and for SOFA scores from 0 h to 48 h the AUC was less than 0.7. Odds ratios used to determine associations between APACHE II scores from 0 h to 48 h and in-hospital mortality were 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.23), 1.13 (95% CI, 1.04-1.23), and 1.18 (95% CI, 1.07-1.30). CONCLUSIONS: APACHE II, but not SOFA score, at the time of ICU admission is a modest predictor of in-hospital mortality and poor neurologic outcomes at the time of hospital discharge for patients who have undergone TH after return of spontaneous circulation following OHCA.
APACHE ; Area Under Curve ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Hypothermia* ; Hypothermia, Induced ; Intensive Care Units ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Organ Dysfunction Scores* ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivors