This study was designed to investigate the relationship between body mass index and food habits of college students. For this purpose, 358 students of Kangweon University were asked to fill out the questionnaires for food habits and weight control. The results are summarized as follows ; The rate of underweight, normal and obese was 16.5, 65.1, 18.4%, respectively. Food habits score of obese females were lower than normal or underweight females. Male subjects did not show significantly different scores among the three groups. Female obese subjects have lower scores than the other groups on the eating time, seaweed intake, protein intake and vegetable intake. Male obese subjects have nutritious meals and more eating time than normal and underweight males. College students are the early stage of adult life and their food habits, food behaviors and life style will continue in later life. Therefore, college students need more nutritional knowledge, positive dietary attitudes and modified life styles to prevent and treat obesity.
Adult ; Body Mass Index* ; Eating ; Female ; Food Habits* ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Meals ; Obesity ; Seaweed ; Thinness ; Vegetables ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This study was carried out with 343(161 male, 182 female) elementary school children to investigate the relationship between 5th and 6th grade males and females of living in Chuncheon city. The degrees of going without a meal and overeating showed high in breakfast and dinner respectively. Also most children responded that they eat more than usual when they are under stress. After having dinner, 52.8% of the children ate snacks. 64.7% of the children have unbalanced diets with the main reason being they don't like the peculiar smell that some foods have. Most children sleep 8 hours and go to school on foot, and 74.3% of the children enjoy indoor activities in their spare time. The regularity of exercise shows a low level of 39.1%. In weight control, 51.0% of the children take no interest in it. Thirty percent of the children get their nutrition knowledge from school and the order of average mark of their nutrition knowledge is poor(40.5%), fair(36.4%), and excellent(23.0%). Most children like sweet taste. It is prevalent that the children think instant food is not good for their health, and their preference for instant food is on a fair level. The most popular instant food is in the order of ddogbbokki, ice-cream, kimbap, fried chicken and pork cutlet.
Breakfast ; Chickens ; Child* ; Diet ; Female ; Food Habits* ; Foot ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Male ; Meals ; Smell ; Snacks

The reports of all amniocentesis samples received in our cytogenetic laboratory from 1986 to 1998 were reviewed to identify cases in which culture failure of amniocytes occurred. Medical records were then reviewed for the prenatal ultrasonographic findings, karyotype when available, and clinical outcome. We investigated the clinical aspects associated with second trimester amniotic fluid cell culture failure. During the study period, 5,325 second trimester amniotic fluid samples were processed, of which 42(0.8%) failed to yield a result. Ninety-seven percent of the samples were obtained before 24 weeks' gestation, mainly because of advanced maternal age. Three percent of the samples were obtained after 24 weeks' gestation. Culture failure was more common in samples obtained after or at 24 weeks' gestation(11.8%) than in those obtained before 24 weeks(0.44%)(p<0.05, chi-square test). This difference was also observed when the results were analysed according to the cases with known normal or abnormal karyotypes, The frequency of culture failure did not differ significantly between the groups with normal and abnormal karyotypes. We conduded that amniotic fluid cell culture failure is more common in advanced pregnancy and is not associated with a higher incidence of chromosomal abnormalities.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cell Culture Techniques* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Karyotype ; Maternal Age ; Medical Records ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second

OBJECTIVE: To identify the validity and reliability of the Korean version World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL)-BREF among people with physical impairments living in a community. METHODS: Participants listed in the community-based rehabilitation project were recruited from 45 public health centers. People with brain lesions or physical disabilities were selected. Respondents (n=750) filled out the Korean WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Obtained data were analyzed statistically to assess the internal consistency as well as the construct and discriminant validity. An exploratory factor analysis was also performed. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha for the total score was 0.839. The value for each domain ranged from 0.746 to 0.849. Pearson correlation coefficient between each domain ranged from 0.539 to 0.717. The highest correlation was between the psychological and physical domain. The item-domain correlation indicated a significant correlation with their original domains. A multiple regression analysis of each domain with two overall questions was performed. The psychological domain made the strongest contribution with the overall quality of life (unstandardized coefficient B=0.065, r2=0.437). When general health satisfaction was considered as a dependent variable, the physical domain most strongly contributed to the variable (unstandardized coefficient B=0.081, r2=0.462). Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors in the WHOQOL-BREF, accounting for 55.29% of the variability. To assess the discriminant validity, a comparison of each domain with Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was conducted. There were highly significant changes across the MBI scores with the WHOQOL-BREF domains (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Korean WHOQOL-BREF is a valid and reliable tool to measure the quality of life for people with physical impairments. It has good internal consistency, construct validity and discriminant validity for the population. Further study with a stratified sample is needed.
Accounting ; Brain ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Public Health ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; World Health ; World Health Organization ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the final adult height and total height gain in idiopathic and organic growth hormone deficient(GHD) children after growth hormone(GH) treatment. METHODS: Thirteen patients with idiopathic GHD and 22 patients with organic GHD who had been treated with GH and attained adult final height were included in this study. Factors which could affect the final adult height(FAH) and total height gain, were evaluated. RESULTS: Height SDS(standard deviation score) at initial GH treatment in idiopathic GHD was significantly shorter than that in organic GHD(-4.13+/-1.28 vs -1.66+/-1.06, P<0.001). Growth velocity during the first year of GH treatment was 9.69+/-3.19 cm(idiopathic GHD) and 7.87+/-3.65 cm(organic GHD). Height(SDS) at puberty in organic GHD was significantly greater than in idiopathic GHD (-0.55+/-1.25 vs -2.28+/-0.95, P<0.001). Final adult height(SDS) was significantly greater in organic GHD than in idiopathic GHD(0.22+/-1.06 vs -1.44+/-0.84, P<0.001). In idiopathic GHD, total height gain (SDS) was most significantly correlated with midparental height minus initial height(MPH-IH)(SDS) (r=0.886, P<0.001). Total height gain(SDS) was more significantly correlated with MPH-IH(SDS) and prepubertal height gain(SDS) in idiopathic GHD(r=0.640, P=0.01, r=0.801, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Final adult height was greater in organic GHD than in idiopathic GHD patients. While total height gain(SDS) was more pronounced in children with lower initial height compared to MPH, absolute final adult height was influenced by height at puberty. To improve the final adult height in children with GHD, height at onset of puberty must be increased by early diagnosis and continuous treatment with optimal doses of GH. There results should be evaluated with more patients.
Adolescent ; Adult* ; Child* ; Early Diagnosis ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Puberty

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to obtain information of use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and any reported adverse effects of them on vulnerable elders in a community. METHODS: 1,837 elderly subjects aged 65 or higher with health problems were selected from those who were enrolled in a public health care center and received visiting health management services. A proportional stratified sampling method was used. Data collection was completed by face to face interviews using a structured questionnaire. The descriptive statistics and chi2-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAM use last year was 57.5%, and 10.4% of the subjects reported adverse effects of the therapies. The mean score of the subjects' attitudes towards CAM was 4.1+/-3.44 (range 1~10). The major sources of advice and exposure to CAM therapies were most likely to be from family and friends (72.5%). The primary reason for choosing CAM was to manage symptoms and relieve pain (86.6%). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the need to develop nursing strategies for reducing and preventing adverse effects of CAM use by promoting awareness of using safe and appropriate CAM therapies.
Adult* ; Aged ; Complementary Therapies* ; Data Collection ; Friends ; Humans ; Nursing ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Cytarabine* ; Cytosine* ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Mitoxantrone*

We present a case of acute prostatitis with abscess. The patient had undergone intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer. A prostate biopsy demonstrated tuberculous prostatitis with abscess. This case illustrates that when bladder cancer is treated with BCG, a tuberculous prostate abscess can develop.
Abscess ; Bacillus ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Prostate ; Prostatitis ; Tuberculosis ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is an extremely rare case to observe and represents less than 1% in all the primary thyroid malignancies. Normally, squamous epithelium is absent in the thyroid gland and presently; its origin is believed to arise from metaplasia of follicular epithelium. Cancer has very aggressive clinical behavior and a very poor prognosis with survival rates of less than 1 year. The best chances of survival have been achieved with complete resection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Recently, we came across a case of 80-year-old woman with primary squamous cell cacinoma of the thyroid gland present in the background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The patient had swelling in the anterior neck portion from the past 20 days. On physical examinaton, 3x3cm2 hard and fixed ill defined mass was detected in the right lobe of thyroid. Repeated fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid revealed the presence of carcinoma. Apparently, Palliative thyroidectomy was performed after 3 months of diagnosis. During operation, the tumor was revealed as a mass of 100mm in diameter and infiltrated the surrounding muscles, trachea and other soft tissue in the neck. After the operation, the patient's condition deteriorated and ultimately after 5 months of her initial visit, she died due to respiratory failure.
Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Metaplasia ; Muscles ; Neck ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroiditis ; Trachea

BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is a common post-operative complication that has been associated with opioid therapy. In this study, we investigated whether an intraoperative remifentanil infusion increased postoperative urinary retention in patients undergoing general anesthesia. METHODS: Sixty-two healthy patients having elective minor surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Anesthesia was maintained with either sevoflurane (S group, n = 31) alone or with sevoflurane combined with a remifentanil infusion (0.1-0.2microgram/kg/min) (RS group, n = 31). Bladder urine volume and voiding difficulty were evaluated at 2 and 6 hours after the operation. RESULTS: The incidence of urinary retention was 13% in the S group and 6% in the RS group at 2 hours after operation, which was not a significant difference. The total incidence of urinary retention was 13% in both groups at 6 hours after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative remifentanil infusion did not increase the postoperative urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Incidence ; Methyl Ethers ; Piperidines ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Minor ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Retention