In order to evaluate the value of vertebral angiography in assessment of hemifacial spasm, we reviewed retrospectively the vertebral angiography of 28 patients(30 cases) with surgically proved hemifacial spasm but normal CT scans of posterior fossa. There were 9 males and 19 females. Angiography revealed vascular focus of hemifacial spasm located at anterior inferior cerebellar artery, posterior inferior cerebellar artery, and vertebral artery in 19, 9, and 2 cases respectively. Right side was involved in 20 cases. All involved vessels were elongated, tortuous, and dilated. In conclusion, vertebral angiography was valuable in evaluating hemifacial spasm of vascular origin in the posterior fossa.
Angiography* ; Arteries ; Female ; Hemifacial Spasm* ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vertebral Artery

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Edema*

PURPOSE: Marginal fit is a very important factor considering the restoration's long-term success. However, adding porcelain to copings can cause distortion and lead to an inadequate fit which exposes more luting material to the oral environment and causes secondary caries. The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal fit of 2 different all-ceramic crown systems before and after porcelain veneering. This study was also intended to verify the marginal fit of crowns originated from green machining of partially sintered blocks of zirconia (Lava CAD/CAM system) and that of crowns obtained through machining of fully sintered blocks of zirconia (Digident CAD/CAM system). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 crowns were made per each system and the marginal fit was evaluated through a light microscope with image processing (Accura 2000) at 50 points that were randomly selected. Each crown was measured twice: the first measurement was done after obtaining a 0.5 mm coping and the second measurement was done after porcelain veneering. The means and standard deviations were calculated and statistical inferences among the 2 groups were made using independent t-test and within the same group through paired t-test. RESULTS: The means and standard deviations of the marginal fit were 61.52 +/- 2.88 micrometer for the Digident CAD/CAM zirconia ceramic crowns before porcelain veneering and 83.15 +/- 3.51 micrometer after porcelain veneering. Lava CAD/CAM zirconia ceramic crowns showed means and standard deviations of 62.22 +/- 1.78 micrometer before porcelain veneering and 82.03 +/- 1.85 micrometer after porcelain veneering. Both groups showed significant differences when analyzing the marginal gaps before and after porcelain veneering within each group. However, no significant differences were found when comparing the marginal gaps of each group before porcelain veneering and after porcelain veneering as well. CONCLUSION: The 2 all-ceramic crown systems showed marginal gaps that were within a reported clinically acceptable range of marginal discrepancy.
Ceramics ; Crowns ; Dental Porcelain ; Light ; Zirconium

PURPOSE: Medical institutions and their patients benefit from continued employment of nurses. In this study an assessment was done of important factors that influence nurses' intention to leaving their jobs. METHODS: The sample consisted of 229 university hospital nurses. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé, Pearson's Correlation Analysis, and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. RESULTS: The control variables, including age, current position, and health status explained 18% (F=16.37, p<.001) of variance in retention intention. The control variables, bullying, job stress, self-esteem, and burnout collectively explained 27% of variance in retention intention. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the factors influencing retention intention are age, current position, and health status, while self-esteem and burnout in work places are new and more recent factors that impact retention intention. These findings can be utilized to develop strategies to increase self-esteem and retention intention.
Bullying* ; Employment ; Humans ; Intention* ; Nursing* ; Workplace

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of bullying, negative affectivity and burnout in the nurses. METHODS: The sample consisted of 389 nurses. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. RESULTS: The control variables of age, marital status, education level, current position, health status and work unit explained 30.2%(F=28.9, p<.001) of variance in burnout. The control variables, bullying and negative affectivity collectively explained 49.7% of variance in burnout. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the demographic factors influencing burnout are age, education level, health status, work unit, while bullying and negative affectivity in the work places are factors that influence burnout. These findings can be utilized to develop strategies to reduce bullying and negative affectivity.
Bullying* ; Demography ; Education ; Marital Status ; Workplace

The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify the higher-grade primary school children's needs for sexual education. We got the data with open question from 481 children from March to July 1999. We analyzed them according to the framework suggested by the Sex Information and Education Council of USA. The framework involves the six domains such as human development, relationship, personal skills, sexual behavior, sexual health, and society & culture. In the analysis of need for sexual education according to domain, need for human development was highest (79.2 %), after that followed society & culture (8.3 %), sexual health (5.8%), sexual behavior (3.6%), and relationships (3.1%). There was no need for personal skills. By topics, there were needs for puberty (38.0%), reproduction (32.5%), gender roles (6.0%), body image (4.9%), sexual abuse (2.4%) and reproductive health (2.4%). Girls and boys all mostly wanted to know human development 41.0 % and 38.2 % each. Society & culture (3.4 %), sexual behaviour (2.7%), sexual health (2.6%), relationship (2.4%) were domains selected by boys. Girls wanted to know society & culture (4.9%) and 'sexual health (3.2%). Comparing by grade, fourth, fifth and sixth grade children are commonly interested in development, society & culture. Fourth grade children scarcely show attention on the relationship, sexual behaviour and sexual health; meanwhile sixth grade children would like to know sexual behaviour and sexual health. When their grade became higher, they would like to know more precise, concrete and deep information. We suggest that the textbook/guidebook for sexual health for the higher-grade primary school children should be developed considering the sex and grade.
Adolescent ; Body Image ; Child* ; Education* ; Female ; Gender Identity ; Human Development ; Humans ; Puberty ; Reproduction ; Reproductive Health ; Sex Offenses ; Sexual Behavior ; Child Health

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Diabetic Neuropathies*

Purpose: Dislocation is the second most common cause of failure, after implant loosening, in revisional THA (Total hip arthroplasty), and its evaluation and treatment still remain controversial issue. This study was undertaken to evaluate the risk factors after THA using the posterolateral approach and posterior soft tissue repair. Materials and Methods: Between January 1998 and May 2003, 211 consecutive primary total hip replacement arthroplasties using the posterolateral approach and posterior soft tissue repair were performed by the same surgeon. To compare the dislocation groups (6 cases) with the non-dislocation groups (205 cases), we randomized 120 of the non-dislocation cases. The risk factors for hip dislocation were categorized into patient factors and surgical factors. Patient factors included gender, age, preoperative diagnosis, underlying systemic disease, and alcoholic history. Surgical factors included position of the component (acetabular version and inclination, femoral anteversion), leg length discrepancy, and sum of anteversions of the cup and stem. Their parameters were measured on postoperative radiographs. Statistics were performed with Fishe`s Exact test and T test. Results: Dislocations occurred at an overall incidence rate of 2.8% (6/211cases). There were 4 (1.9%) cases of anterior dislocations and 2 (0.9%) cases of posterior dislocations. Dislocations occurred on average at postoperative day 6.1 and all dislocated hips were reduced with the closed method, except for one case that was treated surgically. There was no statistical significance in patient factors between the two groups, except for neurologic disease and alcoholic history. However, the sum of the acetabular and femoral anteversions in the anterior dislocation group was larger than that of the non-dislocation group by approximately 19 degrees. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that by using the posterior approach and repair of soft tissue, the posterior dislocation rate after total hip replacement arthroplasty can be reduced and the sum of the acetabular and femoral anteversions had more influence on dislocations after THAs than did either anteversion alone.
Acetabulum ; Alcoholics ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Hip Dislocation* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leg ; Risk Factors*

No abstract available.
Uterus*