No abstract available.

Although the issue on trade in professional services has been mentioned as one of the built-in agendas since 1995, the Ministry of Health and Welfare(MOHW) formed the committee on WTO DDA(New Development Agenda in Doha) last November and there is no countermeasure on a government level by the time. The Korean Medical Association(KMA) has been formed the WTO DDA committee composed of standing directors and experts on this last January and actively working at present. Last April, the WTO DDA Joing Committee of Associations of Healthcare Sectors has been established by six associations, such as the Korean Medical Association(KMA), the Korean Dental Association(KDA), the Association Korean Oriental Medicine(AKOM), the Korean Nurses Association(KNA), the Korean Hospital Association(KHA), the Korean Dental Hospital Association(KDHA), and they have closely collaborated. The WTO DDA Committee of KMA has submitted the request list to the government last May on the basis of results of four times meetings for special lectures and discussion, three times surveys, and the research paper. The request list of KMA includes the contents of mode 2(consumption abroad) and 4(presence of natural persons). For the mode 3(commercial presence), it is suspended because it is related with the permission of profit-making corporation on healthcare sector which is prohibited at present. The government announced 19 countries has submitted the request list to Korea as of august 1 and among them, the healthcare relevant requests are from China and Poland. Especially China is requesting as a whole, including the education sector on oriental medicine. On this point, the main subjects which the KMA should established its position urgently are the issues regarding the permission of profit-making corporation and who should give and manage the medical license. For this, the KMA will continue to collect and analyze the relevant information and will relay these information to the members.
China ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Health Care Sector ; Korea ; Lectures ; Licensure ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Negotiating* ; Poland

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to determine the efficacy of rapid karyotyping from fetal ascitic fluid. METHODS: In three cases of isolated fetal ascites diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography, ultrasound guided fetal paracentesis and amniocentesis were performed and successfully obtained. Fetal karyotyping in each case at 29, 30 and 32 weeks gestation using modified lymphocyte culture method was conducted. RESULTS: The chromosomal analysis was successful within 72 hours and abnormalities were detected in two cases and revealed trisomy 21 in each case. Our study demonstrated that the majority distribution of white blood cells was lymphocytes which ranged from 2.1 * 10(6) cells/ml to 3.7 * 10(6) cells/ml and the cell density for culture was at least than 0.35 * 10(6) cells/ml. CONCLUSION: The use of ascitic fluid as a cell source to achieve rapid fetal karyotyping can be valuable when cordocenteis or amniocentesis would be technically more difficult, or when rapid result is required for planning of perinatal management at late second or third trimester gestational age.
Amniocentesis ; Ascites ; Ascitic Fluid* ; Cell Count ; Cytogenetics* ; Diagnosis* ; Down Syndrome ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Paracentesis ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Acute tubular necrosis has been rarely reported as a complication of typhoid fever in the literature. We experienced four cases of acute tubular necrosis associated with typhoid fever in children. Patients showed significant titer of widal reaction associated with acute renal failure and one of them rised in 2 months after onset of clinical symptoms. Renal biopsy findings were compatible with acute tubular necrosis and immune complexes were not deposited in the glomeruli. Clinical and urinary findings were normalized by hemodialysis and antibiotic therapies. In conclusion, close longterm follow up of widal titer is mandatory in acute tubular necrosis, especially when associated with high fever.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Biopsy ; Child ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Necrosis* ; Renal Dialysis ; Typhoid Fever*

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma accounts for about 10 to 15 percent of all such tumors and the combination of pheochromocytoma and renal artery stenosis is rare. We report an unusual case of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma causing renal artery stenosis which was developed in a 11-year-old boy and the literatures were reviewed.
Child ; Humans ; Male ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Renal Artery Obstruction* ; Renal Artery*

Twin pregnancy is at increased risk for congenital anomalies. Although twins were relatively infrequent, they accaunted for a disproportionately large portion of adverse pregnancy outcome, primarily as a consequence of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and pregnancy induced hypertension. In case of twin pregnancy with a single anomalous fetus, the clinicians are faced with difficult decision-making processes regarding the route of delivery, when to deliver, how aggressively to attempt to prevent delivery. Twin pregnancy discordant for a fetal abnormality can be managed expectantly or by selective fetocide of abnormal twin. Recently we experienced two cases of twin pregnancy with a single anornalous fetus. We reported cases with concerned literatures.
Diabetes, Gestational ; Female ; Fetus* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy, Twin*

We review 66 patients with lower caliceal stones treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotipsy. One of the major problems involved with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is the high rate of residual stone fragments in the lower calices. We observed the influence of the presence of lower caliceal dilatation, hydronephrosis, and the size of alone on the passage of stone. Thirty-nine of the 66 patients with a lower caliceal stone and no stone fragments. The success rate was only 59 per cent. The stone was completely fragmented in 59 of 66 (89%) patients. Thirty-nine of 59 patients who had completely fragmented stones. had no residual fragments. The patients who had no lower caliceal dilatation and a relativgly small size stone (less than 1.5 x 1.0 cm). such as in group 4. had a high success rate of 70%. The patients with a large stone or the presence of caliceal dilatation. were expected to low success rate, therefore there was a need for repeated treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and combined treatment with percutaneous nephrostomy.
Dilatation ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Lithotripsy* ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Shock*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

Localized pulmonary amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by a deposition of amyloid limited to the lungs. We report a case of primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis which resulted in collapse of left lung and was confirmed by the Congo-red staining.
Amyloid ; Amyloidosis* ; Lung ; Rare Diseases

Localized pulmonary amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by a deposition of amyloid limited to the lungs. We report a case of primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis which resulted in collapse of left lung and was confirmed by the Congo-red staining.
Amyloid ; Amyloidosis* ; Lung ; Rare Diseases