Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic ; therapy ; Rituximab

Objective To investigate the evaluation of the employing hospital about nursing undergraduate students,to understand the actual working capacity of graduates and explore the quality requirement and individual needs of nuring undergraduates according to the findings,to improve the quality of nursing undergraduates and personnel training specifications.Methods The self-evaluation questionnaires on nursing undergraduates was used to investigate eight hospitals which accepted three or more graduates of our college by letter investigation.Results The employing hospital had the highest satisfaction degree on the moral character and working attitude,respectively 98.1%and 96.2%;the satisfaction degree of management and research capability was the lowest,respectively 81.0%and 80.0%. Conclusions Overall assessment of the quality of graduates is better,the graduates' clinical competence,interpersonal relations and psychological quality is satisfactory,nursing skills and adaptability should be improved;foreign language,scientific research,administration and management capacity is rehtively weak.In the future,the college should adapt to the reeds of employers in the teaching process,strengthening the training of practical ability and adaptability,using appropriate methods to enhance research and foreign language skills,appropriately adjust training goal of undergraduates.

Objectives To help nursing students to adapt to the environment of the job interviews by simulation interview, train the students'psychological quality and the adaptability, give the necessary guidance for seeking job after graduation. Method Five interview groups were composed by 15 nurse executives and interpersonal communication teachers from 4 hospitals, after the simulation interview, the students were surveyed using the self-desigued questionnaire. Results There are 10 items having the most significant influence, 10 items having more obvious influence the last 7items.Conclusion It can improve all aspects'ability of the students effectively through carrying out the simulation interview pertinence, and can help the students find job successfully.

[Objective] To retrospectively study and discuss the indications,surgical techniques and effect of treating hallux valgus with modified Austin operation-Chevron-Gerbert osteotomy or Chevron-Youngswick osteotomy.[Method]From October 1998 to April 2006,34 patients(62 feet)with hallux valgus were treated with modified Austin operation.The X-ray films of all patients were collected preoperatively,two weeks postoperatively and during the follow-up.The hallux valgus angle(HVA),intermetataral angle(IMA),proximal articular set angle(PASA)and distal articular set angle(DASA)were measured and analyzed on radiogram.[Result]All patients were followed up for 1-8 years(mean 3.6 years).HVA before and after surgery was 33.50??1.02?and 13.6??0.826 respectively.IMA was 16.0??0.837?before and 8.6??1.078 after surgery.AOFAS score was 44.8?5.7 before,and 87.6 4.2 after surgery.Significant difference was found between the results.According to AOFAS rating system,46 feets had a excellent result and 10 feet had a good result and the other 5 feet had a fair result.The rate of excellent or good results was 90.3%.[Conclusion]The modified Austin operation is a good,simple and reliable operation means for treatment of hallux valgus,which especially applies to severe hallux valgus with big PASA.The adductor hallucis or the sesamoid is not necessarily interfered in patients with slight or moderate hallux valgus.

Objective: To prepare the conjugate of supcrantigen (SAg) staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and monoclonal antibody (McAb) against human hepatocellular carcinoma HAbl8 F(ab' )_(2) fragment and to investigate the anti-human hepatoma effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) targeted by HAbl8 F(ab' )i-SEA. Methods: McAb HAbl8 was extracted and its F(ab' )_(2) fragment was prepared with papain; the conjugate HAblS F(ab' )_(2)-SEA was prepared with N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP); eveny collected peak after purification was identified with gel chromatography; the activity of antibody in the conjugate was identified with immunohistocheinical ABC method; the anti-hepatoma effect of PBMC targeted by HAbl8 F(ab' )_(2)-SEA was observed with MTT method. Results: The conjugate HAbl8 F(ab' )_(2)-SEA was prepared successfully and it had obvious effect of targeting PBMC to kill hepatoma cells, and this effect is correlated positively with the dose of HAbl8 F(ab')_(2)-SEA. Control groups had no such effect. Conclusion: Targeting therapy of hepatoma with McAb-SAg conjugate might be a kind of hopeful model of hepatoma im-munotherapy.

The incidence of toileting problems is associated with the level of intellectual disability,and more common among the children with severe intellectual disability.This paper would review the classification,prevalence,consequences,origins of toileting problems,and also include the descriptions,assessment and practical considerations of behavioral interventions.

ObjectiveTo valuate the three-dimensional CT angiography(3DCTA) in diagnosing blood vessel diseases.MethodsCTA findings of 284 patients confirmed with blood vessel diseases were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into two groups:141 cases of head and neck and 143 cases of trunk and extremities.Scan was performed with the beam collimation of 0.625 ～ 3.0mm,increment of 0.3 ～ 1.4mm,pitch of 1.0 ～ 1.5,with the gross contrast medium of 1.5 ～ 2.0ml/kg.3D imaging methods included volume rendering(VR),multi-planar reformatting (MPR),curved planar reformatting(CPR),surface shade display(SSD),maximum intensity project(MIP) and virtual endoscopy(VE).The diagnostic results of CTA were compared with those of DSA and/or surgery.ResultsIn this study,3D images of vasculature met the diagnostic criterion.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CTA was 97.28％,82.35％ and 96.48％,respectively.The size of artery aneurysm shown with CTA and DSA had no significant difference( P ＞0.05 ),both smaller than that in surgery( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion3DCTA could be used in diagnosing the cardiovascular diseases and compensate the limitation of conventional CT.It had the characteristics of non-invasion,high accuracy and could partly substitute DSA.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the gastric signet ring cell cancer(SIG)on the T,N,M stages. Methods Three hundred and fifty-one patients undergoing D2 or greater gastrectomy for gastric cancer were ana lyzed retrospectively.The T,N,M stages of 59 patients with SIG and 161 patients with tubular adenocarcmonla (TUB)were compared using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The chi-square test showed that there were not significant differences in T,N,M stages between TUB and SIG.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that SIG Was not a independent factor influencing the T,N.M stage.Conclusion Gastric cancer with SIG has not higher T,N,M stages than that with TUB.

Objective: To investigate the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of DC (dendritic cell)-CIK (cytokine-induced killer cell) co-cultured cells combined with sorafenib against hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7402. Methods: DC and CIK cells were generated in vitro by stimulating human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with different cytokines, and then they were co-cultured. The cytotoxicity of DC-CIK co-cultured cells (DC-CIK) combined with sorafenib against BEL-7402 cells was determined by CCK8 kit. The apoptosis of BEL-7402 cells was measured by Annexin V-FITC Kit. BEL-7402-implanted tumor model was established by subcutaneous injection in nude mouse. Tumor-bearing mice were divided into normal saline control group, sorafenib group, DC-CIK group and DC-CIK+sorafenib group. The inhibitory effects were observed in different groups. Results: The cytotoxicity rate of BEL-7402 cells in DC-CIK+sorafenib group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups, with cytotoxicity rate in DC-CIK+sorafenib group being (75.24±1.91)%, which was 1.8 times that in DC-CIK group and 2.1 times that in sorafenib group (P<0.01). The apoptosis rate of BEL-7402 cells in DC-CIK+sorafenib group was significantly higher than those in the sorafenib and DC-CIK groups, with the apoptosis rate in DC-CIK+sorafenib group being (78.32±2.54)% (P<0.05). The volume of tumor in the combination group was significantly smaller than those in the other groups (P<0.05). In vivo results showed that DC-CIK+sorafenib treatment significantly inhibited the growth of BEL-7402-implanted tumors, and the inhibitory rate was (83.37 ±0.16)%, which was significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion:DC-CIK co-cultured cells combined with sorafenib can inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7402 in vitro and in vivo. Molecular targeting therapy combined with immunotherapy may be a new way for the comprehensive treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To invstigate the effect of high dose X-ray irradiation on the expression of multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1), Bcl-2, MMP7 genes. Methods A nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line,CNE1, were irradiated with a total dose of 50 Gy. The resistance to the cisplatin of CNE1 cells and the irradiated CNE1 (CNE1 R) cells was detected by MTT. mRNAs expression of MDR1 , Bcl-2 and MMP7 was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Results The expression of MDR1 increased in CNE1 R cells. The semiquantitative A value of MDR1 mRNA was 0.47 ±0.04, and the value of CNE1R cells (1st, 7th, 21st,28th, 35th, 42nd and 49th days after irradiation) were 0.67 ± 0. 06 (t = -5.44, P = 0. 003) ,0.70 ± 0. 01(t=-5.90,P=0. 002),0.73±0. 01(t= -6. 45,P=0. 001) ,0. 67 ± 0. 03 (t= -3.97,P=0.011),0.65 ±0.01(t = -4.43,P=0. 007),0. 62±0. 05(t= -2. 64,P=0.046) and 0.62 ±0.02(t = -3.34,P=0.021), respectively. Bcl-2 mRNA expression were 0.55 ±0.02 and 1.05 ±0.04(t = -9.93,P=0. 000) and MMP7 mRNA expression were 0.51 ±0.01 and 0.82 ±0.02(t = -8.51,P=0.000) in CNE1and CNE1 R cells. Conclusions The MDR1 expression was increased after a total dose of50 Gy irradiation,which may be related to the synchronous change of Bcl-2 and MMP7 genes.