PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a one-session spouse-support enhancement childbirth education on childbirth self-efficacy and perception of childbirth experience. METHODS: The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest experiment. The participants in the study were 31 couples in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental couples were provided with one session on spouse-support enhancement childbirth education the night before delivery. Data were collected at two hours after delivery using the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI) and perception of childbirth experience scale. Data were analyzed using PASW statistics 18 program. Frequencies, percentage, mean, chi2 test, t-test were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Childbirth self-efficacy significantly increased in the experimental group as compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference in perception of childbirth experience in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a one-session childbirth education has beneficial effects on enhancing childbirth self-efficacy in pregnant couples. A one-session spouse-support enhancement childbirth education is recommended as an effective nursing intervention to promote couple's childbirth self-efficacy and it is also recommended that modifications of program to promote women's childbirth experience should be considered.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition/psychology ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pregnant Women/*psychology ; *Self Efficacy ; Spouses/*psychology

No abstract available.
Arthritis*

No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

To build a clinical data base for the patient is one of the important works in the department of anesthesiology. Many of the works can be accomplished by presonal computer, of which include registration of patient data, searching for articles, and analysis of clinical data etc. We would like to introduce a computer programs for the management of various data of anesthesia department and patients. We expect that more advanced and beneficial programs appear to the management of data for anesthesia department and patients.
Anesthesia Department, Hospital* ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesiology ; Humans ; Microcomputers*

With the improvement of the nutritive conditions and the influence of overflowing informations and various cultural aspects imported from foreign countries, children develop more rapidly in the bodily and sexual growth. This study was conducted to suggest some ideas useful in planning sexual education program in elementary schools and ultimate aim is to promote sexual health. The subject of this survey consisted of 802 fourth, fifth, sixth graders from 6 schools in Seoul, Hongchon and Chunchon. Major findings are summarized as follows. 1. The degree of sexual knowledge of children showed low averaged 26.96 and the degree of sexual attitude showed usual averaged 55.70. 2.With the respect to the demographic characteristics, there were stastically significant differences in sexual knowledge, according to children's grade(F=64.031, p=. 000), father's education(t=-2.504, p=.013), experience of menarche(t=3.470, p=.001), experience of sex-related question to their parents(t=-.6054, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers (t= -3.385, p=.001), experience of sexual education(t=8.607, p=.000) and in sexual attitude, there were stastically significant differences according to children's grade (F=6.588, p=.001), experience of sex- related question to their parents(t=-5.387, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers(t=-2.845, p=.005), experience of sexual education(t=5.070, p=.000). 3. The level of sexual knowledge and sexual attitude of childrens' was correlated at significant level(r=.354, p=.000) The findings of this study indicated that variety of the systematic sexual education program suitable for the stage of children should be developed and family, society, contry's higher concern and enlightment are required.
Child ; Education ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Reproductive Health ; Seoul ; Child Health

The generally accepted taste pathway in an animal projects ipsilaterally from the solitary nucleus. However, the path-way of gustatory fibers in the human brainstem has not been sufficiently clarified. A 57-year-old hypertensive man was admitted with sudden dizziness and hemiageusia. A neurological examination revealed also a diminution of taste on the left half of his tongue. A MRI showed a high signal intensity in the right lower pontine area. This case suggests that the unilateral lesion of the pons may lead to contralateral taste disturbances.
Ageusia ; Animals ; Brain Stem ; Cerebral Infarction ; Dizziness ; Facial Nerve ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Examination ; Pons ; Solitary Nucleus ; Tongue

BACKGROUND:Cytoprotective effect of Na+/H+ exchanger type 1 (NHE1) inhibitors has been studied in ischemic/reperfusion (IR) injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renoprotective effect and the mechanism of NHE1 inhibitor (Cariporide(R)) on IR injury of rat kidney. METHODS:IR injury was produced by clamping both renal arteries and then rats were treated with intravenous (IV) Cariporide(R) (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of Cariporide(R) treatment on subsequent IR injury were evaluated in terms of renal function, tubular injury, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha), apoptosis, and the expression of MAPKs. RESULTS:BUN and serum creatinine increased after IR injury compared with sham-operated controls. However, treatment with Cariporide(R) significantly reduced BUN and serum creatinine. IR injury caused severe destruction of renal tubular cells in the outer medulla, but treatment with Cariporide(R) decreased the tubular damage. Treatment with Cariporide(R) also significantly decreased the expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mRNA compared with IR injury. Apoptotic cell death was increased with I/R injury, but was significantly decreased in kidneys treated with Cariporide(R). At molecular basis, caspase 3 protein decreased more in Cariporide(R)-treated group than in IR injury group. The expression of MAPKs significantly increased with IR injury compared with sham- operated controls. However, kidneys treated with Cariporide(R) showed further increase of ERK expression compared with IR injury, but showed a significant decrease of JNK expression. CONCLUSIONS:NHE1 inhibitors, Cariporide(R), partially prevented IR injury-induced acute renal failure by the mechanism involving apoptosis, inflammation and MAPKs.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Death ; Constriction ; Creatinine ; Cytokines ; Inflammation ; Kidney* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Renal Artery ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The serum levels of sICAM-1 were significantly higher in febrile & hypotensive (789+/-241ng/ml) stage than in diuretic stage (514+/-151ng/ml) and convalescence stage (410+/-88ng/ml) (P<0.01). Also the serum levels of sICAM-1 in oliguric (628+/-220ng/ml) stage higher than that of convalescence stage (P<0.01). The serum level of sICAM-1 was significantly high in convalescence stage of patients with HFRS compared to control (306+/-75ng/ml) (P<0.01). sICAM-1 levels correlated with platelet count (R=-0.35, P<0.05) in all stage of HFRS. Our results suggest that the enhanced immune activation is a common feature in early stage of HFRS.
Convalescence ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1* ; Platelet Count

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an uncommon and life-threatening necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma that requires prompt diagnosis and early treatment. It is associated with gas-forming coliform bacteria, and is characterized by the presence of gas within the renal parenchyma. The clinical picture and gas pattern should be monitored carefully before a surgical desion is made. If there is persistence of gas on serial x-rays despite aggressive therapy, prompt surgical therapy is recommended. We herein present 1 diabetic patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis who responded to medical treatment alone. The presence of gas was confirmed by CT scan and Escherchia coli was isolated in both urine and blood cultures. The patient was treated with antibiotics alone. Although the clinical signs and laboratory findings were improved, intrarenal gas persistently appeared over 1 month. CT scan 2 month after medical treatment revealed absence of gas in the renal parenchyma.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Pyelonephritis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) is characterized clinically by five distinct phases; febrile, hypotensive, oliguric, diuretic and convalescent phases. The oliguric phase usually lasts for three to six days. We here report a case of prolonged oliguric phase over one month in a patient with HFRS. A 36-year-old man developed oliguric acute renal failure due to HFRS. He commenced hemodialysis on the 2nd days of hospitalization. The oliguric phase was prolonged over one month. The endocrinologic study showed nomal range of plasma ACTH, cortisol, thyroid hormone and slight elevation of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide at oliguric phase. Kidney biopsy showed mononuclear cell infiltrate and associated edema in the interstitium. Diuresis appeared at the 43th days of hospitalization, but it was inadequate. To enhance diuresis and recovery of renal function, he was treated with steroid. Five days after steroid treatment, massive diuresis appeared and serum creatinine decreased to 1.2mg/dL at the 5 months after onset of the disease.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Creatinine ; Diuresis ; Edema ; Fever ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Kidney ; Plasma ; Renal Dialysis ; Thyroid Gland