Inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS) is one of the costimulatory molecules CD28 superfamily and is upregulated on the surface of T cells following T cell activation.ICOS initiates costimulatory signals after binds with its ligand (ICOSL) and ICOS/ICOSL promote activation of T cells proliferation,differentiation and cytokine production.Clinical and laboratory researches documented that ICOS/ICOSL plays significant roles in various autoimmune diseases,similarly,it plays critical effects on the outcome and evolution of autoimmune uveitis (AIU) and Behcet disease.To further study the influence and mechanism of ICOS/ICOSL pathway on AIU is of helpful for finding out a new therapeutic approach of AIU.This paper reviewed the basic concept of ICOS,the relationship between ICOS/ICOSL pathway and effector cell,the outlook of ICOS/ICOSL in the treatment of AIU.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of HIF-1α,on mitochondrial function of cardiomyocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).MethodsCultured neonatal cardiomyocytes were randomly (random number) distributed to four groups (n =5).Control group:the neonatal cardiomyocytes were cultured in normal condition without any treatmeat; LPS group:cardiomyocytes were exposed to 1 μg/ml LPS for 2 h; YC-1 + LPS group:cardiomyocytes were exposed to 4 μmol/L YC-1 for 8 h before LPS treatment; YC-1 group:cardiomyocytes were exposed to 4μmol/L YC-1 for 8 h.As indexes of mitochondrial function,MMP,the content of ATP and the activity of cytochrome oxidase were measured,COX1/2 protein expression was determined by Western blotting.Results Compared with control group,LPS decreased MMP,the content of ATP and the activity of COX obviously ( P ＜0.05 ),depressed the expression of COX- 1 protein ( P ＜ 0.05 ),induced the expression of COX-2 protein ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with the LPS group,MMP,the content of ATP and the activity of COX were markedly attenuated ( P ＜ 0.01 ),the expression of COX-1 was significantly increased and the expression of COX-2 was decreased in theYC-1 +LPS group (P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsYC-1 attributes to the dysfunction of mitochondrial of myocyte by alterating the expression of COX-1 and 2, HIF-1α may attenuate the mitochondrial dysfunction of cadiomyocytes stimulated by LPS.

Thirty-eight cases of allergic rhinitis has been treated by puncturing the points of Yintang (Ex-HN 3), Yingxiang (LI 20), Feishu (BL 13), Fengchi (GB 20), Shangxing (GV 23), Hegu (LI 4) and so on, combined with massaging the head, face and trunk. The result showed that cure occurred in 16cases, marked effectiveness in 18 cases and ineffectiveness in 4 cases.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Tryptases ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the influence of parenterai nutrition(PN) on nutritional status and immune function in breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy.Methods 94 patients with breast cancer postoperative patients were randomly divided into the treatment group(47 cases) and the control group(47 cases).All the patients were given chemotherapy with VBP.The treatment group was given glutamine fortified PN,and the control group was given normal nutrition support,respectively.The nutritional status and immune function before and after chemotherapy,and main toxicities were observed.Results Compared with those before chemotherapy,there were no significant decrease on the level of ALB,PA and HB in treatment group(all P ＞ 0.05),while those indicators in control group was significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).After chemotherapy,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 and IgA,IgG,IgM levels of the two groups were lower than those before chemotherapy (all P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of immune indicators of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group(all P ＜ 0.05).The main toxicities in two groups were nausea and vomiting,diarrhea and mild bone marrow suppression,and the body weight in control group decreased (0.91 ± 0.53)kg,while it increased (0.45 ± 0.21)kg in treatment group (t =5.53,P ＜0.05).Conclusion PN treatment for breast cancer patients during chemotherapy can improve nutrition status and immune function,enhance the tolerance of chemotherapy,so as to improve curative effect and prognosis.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of glargine(Lantus) versus biphasic insulin aspart 30 (30% free and 70% protamine-bound, BIAsp 30) after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment (CSII) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A 20 week open and random study was performed. All 60 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were randomly divided into two groups. Group B patients was treated by glargine and group A received treatment with BIAsp 30 administered immediately before dinner and breakfast. Blood glucose at 7 time points, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and hypoglycemia were observed. Results The postprandial glucose(PPG) was significantly lower in group B than in group A (P<0.05), and the frequency of hypoglycaemic episodes was lower in group B than in group A (P<0.05). The fasting blood glucose(FBG) was not different between two groups (P>0.05). And there was no difference between two groups in HbA1c and other adverse events. Conclusions Glargine is surperior to BIAsp30, not only in controlling the PPG but also in reducing the incidence of hypoglycemia.

Objective To examine the role of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GADD 153 protein in angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiomyocyta apeptosis in vitro.Methods Cardiomyocytes were isolated from ventricles of healthy 1-2 day old Wistar mrs of both sexes weighing 5-10 g and cultured in high glucose culture medium in an incubator filled with 5% CO2 at 37℃.The cardiomyocytes were randamiy allocated to one of 9 groups (n=5 each): group Ⅰ control (C); group Ⅱ ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ: cardiomyocytes were exposed to Ang Ⅱ 100 nmol/L for 6 h,12 h or 24 h respectively ( Ang Ⅱ 6,Ang Ⅱ12,Ang Ⅱ24) ; group Ⅴ:cardiomyocytes were preincubated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) 5 mmol/L for 2 h before being exposed to Aag Ⅱ 100 nmol/L for 24 h (NAC + Ang Ⅱ); group Ⅵ:cardiomyocytes were exposed to NAC 5 mmol/L for 24 h (NAG); group Ⅶ:cardiomyocytes were tranfected with GADD153 antisense oligo-denxynueleotida (onti-ODN) 10 μmol/L for 24 h before being exposed to Ang Ⅱ 100 nmol/L for 24 h; group Ⅷ: cardiomyocytes were transfected with missense oligo-deoxynucleotide (mis-ODN) 10 μmol/L for 24 h before being exposed to Ang Ⅱ 100 nmol/L for 24 h and group Ⅸ: cardiomyocytes were exposed to transfection agent of same concentration for 24 h.Viability of myocytes was measured by MTT assay; ROS production was determined by spectropbotometry; apoptosis in cardiomyocytes was detected by staining with Hoechst33342; the percentage of Annexin V positive and PI negative myocytes was measured by flow cytometry as apoptosis rote and GADD153 protein expression was determined by Western blotting.Remits The viability of myocytes was significantly lower,while the ROS production,apoptosis rate and GADD153 protein expression in myocytes were significantly higher in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ(Ang Ⅱ6,Ang Ⅱ12,AngⅡ24) than in control group (P＜0.05).The cell viability was significantly higher and the ROS production,apoptosis rate and GADD153 protein expression in myocytes were significantly lower in groupⅤ(NAC+AngⅡ)and Ⅶ(anti-ODN + Ang Ⅱ) than in group Ang Ⅱ24(Ⅳ).Conclusion Angiotensin Ⅱ induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis by increasing ROS production and up-regulating GADD153 protein expression.

Objective: To discuss the therapeutic method of apoplectic patients with language disorders.Methods: Sixty cases of apoplexy were classified into electroacupuncture group of 30 cases and acupuncture group of 30 cases. In electroacupuncture group, acupoints Lianquan (CV 23), Tongli (HT 5) and lower 2/5 part of motor area and sensory area were selected. In acupunc -ture group, acupoints Lianquan (CV 23) and Tongli (HT 5) were selected. Results and conclusions: After 2 courses of treatment, the total effective rate in electroacu -puncture group was 93.3% and that in acupuncture group was 76.6%. There was a significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups (P＜0.05).

Purpose:To analyze retrospectively the clinical manifestation, treatment and prognosis. Methods:From 1978 to 1996,16 patients with olfactory neuroblastoma were treated.4 cases were stage A,6 cases were stage B and 6 cases were stage C. Six patients were treated with radiotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy, 9, with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy and 1,with operative alone. The radiation dosage ranged from 40～70Gy with 2 Gy per day. Results:The 1 , 3 and 5 year survival rates were 75%, 75% and 69%.Conclusions:Olfactory neuroblastoma is sensitivity for radiotherapy, for the patients with stage A, radiotherapy alone is effective for stage B and C olfactory neuroblastoma , combined modality of surgery and postoperative radiotherapy should be the treatment of choice.

AIM: To observe the efficacy of intravitreal injection with ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation for macular edema ( ME ) secondary to macular branch retinal vein occlusion( MBRVO) .
METHODS:A retrospective analysis included 33 patients (33 eyes) with ME secondary to MBRVO were taken. All patients received intravitreal injection of 0. 5mg ranibizumab ( 0. 05ml ) at first visit. The continue PRN treatment and laser photocoagulation were based on the visual acuity changes and optical coherence tomography findings. The changes of best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) , central macular thickness( CMT) , and amplitude density and latency of P1 wave in mfERG were observed before treatment and 6mo after treatment.
RESULTS: Before the treatment, logMAR was 0. 68±0.35, 6mo after treatment was 0. 34±0. 23, BCVA was improved obviously ( P < 0. 01 ), BCVA in 21 patients ( 63.64%) were improved in two rows among all the patients. CMT before treatment was(487. 30±63. 58) μm, after treatment was(238. 84±52. 66) μm(P<0. 01). The amplitude densities of P1 wave in ring 1, ring 2 and ring 3 after treatment were significantly increased(all P<0. 01), and the latencies were decrease ( all P < 0. 05 ). The conjunctival hemorrhage was observed in 2 eyes after treatment.
CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection with ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation for ME secondary to MBRVO can reduce the CMT and improve visual function.