Objective To analysis the differences of age, prostate volume, serum PSA and PSAD, IPSS between the BPH and BPH with prostatitis. Methods Clinical data of 100 patients whom received surgical treatments with a pathologic diagnosis of BPH were retrospectively analyzed. The occurrence of prostatitis was determined by pathology. The differences of age, prostate volume, serum PSA and PSAD, IPSS between the BPH cases and BPH with prostatitis cases were analyzed. The capability of B-ultrasound in diagnosis of the prostatitis combined with BPH was evaluated. Re-suits 66% BPH patients were found combined with prostatitis. There was a significant correlation between inflammatory infiltration grade and aggressiveness grade (r= 0. 772, P<0. 001). There was a moderate correlation between prostate volume and patient age(r= 0. 420, P<0. 001). There was a low correlation between serum PSA and patient age (r= 0. 258, P<0. 01) while no significant correla-tion between PSAD and age. The patient age of BPH combined with prostatitis group was significantly higher than BPH group (P<0. 05). Average prostate volume of combined with prostatitis group was significantly higher than BPH group (P<0. 05). There was a significant correlation between prostate volume and inflammatory infiltration grade(r=0. 292, P=0. 003), PSA and aggressiveness grade(r=0. 254, P=0.007). Both average PSA and PSAD of BPH combined with prostatitis group were signif-icantly higher than the BPH group (P<0. 05). When the factor of difference in age distribution was considered, the conclusion were still valid (P<0.05). On α= 0.05 level, relatively low correlations were found between PSA and inflammatory infiltration grade(r=0. 319, P=0. 001), PSA and aggres-siveness grade(r=0. 214, P=0. 032), PSAD and inflammatory infiltration grade ( r=0. 212, P=0. 034). There was no significant correlation between PSAD and aggressiveness grade(r=0.081 ,P=0.425). Average IPSS of combined with prostatitis group were significantly higher than BPH group. On diagnosis of the combined prostatitis in BPH, the sensitivity of ultrasonic was 21.2% with a speci-ficity of 82.4%. Conclusions Prostatitis is often found in more than half BPH samples. The BPH with prostatitis usually has bigger prostate volume, higher PSA, PSAD and may present relatively se-verer clinic syndromes.

According to the synonymous codons used in 28 open reading frames from Pichia pastoris, the codon usage in this species was calculated and 19 codons have been inferred to be its optimal codons. The results show that pattern of the codon usage in P. pastoris is similar to that in S. cerevisiae and in K. lactis except for the synonymous codon of glutamic acid, which may be the special bias of P. pastoris.

Objective To investigate the role played by fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) in glucoselipid metabolism in mice adipocyte and hepatocyte. Methods FGF-21 over-expressive vector and FGF-21-shRNA vector were transfected to Hepa1-6 hepatocyte and 3T3-L1 adipocyte, respectively. FGF-21 protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting, glucose uptake rate (GUR) was evaluated by radioimmunoassay. The mRNA expression of transcription factors was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results Transfection of pcDNAFGF21 significantly increased FGF-21 expression in both liver and fat cells (4.8 fold and 4.2 fold, both P<0.05). Moreover, FGF-21 expressions were down-regulated by 86. 3% and 77. 8% with pGenesil-FGF21,respectively (both P<0.05 ). The FGF-21 up-regulation markedly increased GUR and decreased intracellular triglycerides content in the 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Meanwhile, the up-regulation of glucose transporter-1, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), PPARγ, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL),and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 2 ( ap2 ) mRNA expressions were also observed ( all P<0. 05 ). The reverse changes happened in FGF-21 deficient adipocyte except IRS-1. In hepatocyte, FGF-21 has no effect on GUR.FGF-21 over-expression reduced PPARγ, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA expressions, and increased low-density lipoprotein receptor expression (P<0.05). Conclusions FGF-21 regulates glucose homeostasis and accommodates intracellular fat content in adipocyte. In hepatocyte, FGF-21 plays an important role in gluconeogenesis and cholesterol metabolism.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term nebulized corticosteroids and inhaled bronchodilators therapy on asthma in long term poor controlled elderly patients.Methods Prospective,randomized control study was conducted.63 elderly asthma patients,who received inhaled corticosteroids or combined with other long-term medication treatment for asthma control for more than 3 months but were still in moderate to severe persistent asthma state,were randomly divided into nebulizer treatment group (n=31) and dry powder inhalation group (n=32),and they were treated correspondingly with Budesonide inhalation suspension 1 mg and Salbutamol 2.5 mg BidorBudesonide/Formoterol powder 320/9 μg inhalation Bid.Patients in the two groups were evaluated for the differences in lung function,acute exacerbations of asthma,asthma control test (ACT) and adverse effects after 12-week treatment.Results The improvement in morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) and ACT score were better in the test group than in the control group [(29.2 ±14.4) ml vs.(15.8±13.5)ml,(4.8±2.2) vs.(3.0±2.7),t=3.715 and 2.897,P=0.000 and 0.005],but there were no statistical differences in average daily use of relievers and severe acute exacerbations between the test and control groups (t=1.512,P=0.136;x2=2.238,P=0.135).The local adverse effects caused by inhaled corticosteroids had no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions Compared with the powder inhalation,the nebulizer inhalation administration of corticosteroids and bronchodilators could improve the asthma symptoms and lung function better in elderly patients with serious asthma condition and shows a good safety in tbe12 weeks of continuous treatment.

Objective To investigate the expression of netrin-1 in placenta from patients with pre- eclampsia and the relation to placental angiogenesis.Methods Twenty patients with pre-eclampsia(12 mild cases and 8 severe cases)and 20 normal late pregnant women were investigated.The expression of netrin-1 mRNA and protein was determined with RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively.The placenta vascular density was examined by immunohistochemical F8 staining.Results (1)The values of netrin-1 mRNA in normal group and pre-eclampsia groups were 0.51?0.08 and 0.41?0.06;The values of netrin- 1 protein in normal group and pre-eclampsia groups were 26.4?1.8 and 20.5?1.3(P

With high incident of cancer and chronic disease, it is more and more important to develop palliative care; as developing later, there is neither unified palliative care mode and related policy, nor mature assessment collaboration in China. It pointed out that Australia as an advanced country with stable development of palliative care and assessment collaboration, called palliative care outcomes collaboration (PCOC). It expatiated the PCOC on structure,function and operation. China should learn from the mode of Australia palliative care assessment and management collaboration, find references to improve and further develop Chinese palliative care assessment collaboration.

Objective To explore the changes of cytokine levels and their roles in morbidity of autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD) in children.Methods The serum concentrations of interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),interferon-? (IFN-?) were determined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among 30 patients with Graves′ disease (GD) and 20 patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis(HT) and 30 children without AITD subjects.Results The serum levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in patients with GD were higher than those of subjects (Pa

AIM: To investigate the effects of lipid-induced insulin resistance on plasma resistin and ghrelin levels in awake rats. METHODS: A hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp was established in awake chronically catheterized rats. Two groups of rats were studied either with a 4 h intraarterial infusion of lipid/heparin or saline. Insulin-mediated peripheral and hepatic glucose metabolism was assessed by insulin clamp combined with [~3H]-glucose infusion, and plasma resistin and ghrelin concentrations were examined before and after clamp with ELISA. RESULTS: During clamp, there was a significant increase in plasma free fatty acid (FFA, P

BACKGROUND: Prevention of implant from inflammation was an effective method to reduce expulsion rate of stainless steel micro-screw implant, and develop new type of antibiotic material.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of a new type of antibiotic stainless steels.METHODS: Metal test samples (antibiotic stainless steel, medical stainless steel, and medial pure titanium) were made into rectangular solids with length of 15 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm. Samples were cleaned with high temperature and high pressure. Alloy leaching liquor was prepared with DMEM culture media according to the ratio betwean surface area and volume of culture solution (3 cm~2/mL). The leaching liquor was maintained in incubator at 37 ℃ for 96 hours, and then degerming was performed using microporous membrane. 6.4% phenol was added, which was considered as the positive control group, and DMEM culture media was considered as the blank control group. Growth of MG63 cells was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope;absorbanca of cells cultured for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours was detected using MTT test; cytotoxicity of antibiotic stainless steels was evaluated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ① At 24 hours after culture, calls in the positive control group was abnormal; while, cells in other groups were well adherent-grew. ② After 48 hours of culture, with the culture time increased,cytotoxicity was detected out in the positive control group; cells in other groups and blank control groups were normal and grew well. Afew of cells in stainless steels group showed karyopyknosis. ③ The absorbance was the highest of medical pure titanium, and then of antibiotic stainless steel and of medical stainless steel, while there was no significant difference between the three materials. ④ The level of cytotoxicity was grade 0. The results suggested that the antibiotic stainless steel which had the same cytotoxicity grade as medical stainless steel and pure titanium was in line with the requirement of its clinical application.

Objective To compare the effects of patient's tolerance to laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and tracheal tube (TT) on the appropriate level of sevoflurane anesthesia.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 30-60 yr weighing 50-70 kg undergoing elective thyroid or breast surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=40 each):LMA group and TT group.Anesthesia wag induced with propofol 1.6mg/kg,fentanyl 3μg/kg and recuronium 0.6mg/kg.LMA or tracheal tube was inserted,and the patients were mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 1.5%-3.0% sevoflurane and 50% N2O in O2 in group LMA,and with 2.5%-5.0% sevoflurane and 50% N2O in O2 in group TT.The flow of O2 and N2O was 0.7-1.0L/min,and the concentration of sevofluranee was adjusted to maintain AAI at 15-25.ECG,HR,MAP,SpO2,PETCO2,AEP and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration were continuonsly monitored.The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was recorded at 1,5 and 10 min after LMA/TT was placed (T1-3),at 1h after skin incision (T4) and at the end of operation before removal of LMA or extubation (T5).The recovery time of consciousness,adverse cardiovascular events and adverse reactions were recorded.Results The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was significantly lower,the recovery time of consciousness and removal of LMA or extubation time were shorter,and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and adverse reactions was lower in LMA group than in TT group.Conclusion At the same depth of anesthesia (AAI 15-25),sevoflurane concentration is significantly lower in LMA group than in TT group,with fewer complications and smaller cardiovascular reaction.