Biodegradable and biocompatible functional polymers show high potential as novel drug carriers in disease diagnosis and therapy.Recently,protein drugs have brought about major breakthroughs in the treatment of various diseases including cancer,while the development of carrier technology is relatively delayed.This article reviews recent advances in biodegradable functional polymers as protein drug nanocarriers.Additionally,we have discussed the perspective of developing new generations of biocompatible and functional polymers.

Objective To investigate the role of Catbindin-D28k in the kidney on calcium metabolism.Methods VDR/CaBP-D28k double knockout(KO)mice was made.Body weight,diet intake and serum,urinary parameters and length,density of the long bones,histological staining of the tibia of WT,CaBP-D28(-/-),VDR(-/-)and VDR(-/-)/CaBP-D28k(-/-)mice were determined on regular and high Ca-Lac diet.Results On a regular diet,the double KO mice were growth-retarded more and smaller than VDR KO mice.Compared with VDR KO mice,the double KO mice had higher urinary calcium excretion and rachitic skeletal phenotype,which were manifested with higher serum parathyroid hormone levels,lower bone mineral density,and more distorted growth plate with mole osteoid formation in the trabecular region.On high calcium and high lactose diet,blood-ionized calcium levels were normal in both VDR KO and the double KO mice.However,in contrast to VDR KO mice,the skeletal abnormalities were not completely corrected in the double KO mice.Conclusion These results directly demonstrate that CaBP-D28k plays a critical role in maintaining calcium homeostasis and skeletal mineralization and suggest that its caleemic role can be mostly compensated by CaBP-D9k.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of recombinant LIGHT-Fe gene on the proliferation of human esophageal carcinoma cell line Eea109. Methods LIGHT-Fc expression vector was transfected into human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line Eca109 by using DOTAP liposomal transfection reagents. The effects of LIGHT-Fc gene on the proliferation of esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca109 in vitro were detected by cell growth curve and MTr assay. Forty-five nude mice were equally divided into Eea109/Wt group, Eca109/neo group and Eca109/LIGHT group. Carcinogenesis and pathological expression of the esophageal carcinoma tissues were observed. Results The expressions of LIGHT receptors were detected in Eca109 cells. The proliferation of Eca109 cells was inhibited after trasfecting LIGHT-Fc gene into Eca109 cells. The numbers of tumors generated in Eea109/Wt group, Eca109/neo group and Eca109/LIGHT group were 12, 11 and 5, with statistical significance between Eca109/LIGHT group and the other two groups (X2 =6.652, 4.821, P <0.05). The result of histopatholagical examination indicated that the tissue necrosis appeared significantly in tumors derived from Eea109/LIGHT cells. Conclusions The growth of esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line Eca109 can be suppressed by LIGHT-Fc gene whether in vitro or in vivo.

Objective To investigate the effects of capparis spinosa total alkaloid on type collagen (ColⅣ - ),Ⅳmatrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in bleomycin-induced systemic sclerosis (SSc) mice; To explore the effective mechanism of capparis spinosa total alkaloid on fibrosis of SSc. Methods Totally 90 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, penicillamine group and capparis spinosa total alkaloid low-, medium- and high-dose group. Mice models with SSc were established by repeated local injections of bleomycin in mice back, except for the control group. Mice in medication groups received external application with capparis spinosa total alkaloid cream;mice in penicillamine group were given penicillamine for gavage; mice in the control and model group received external application without substance, one time a day, for 60 days. The contents of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and PAI-1 in serum and Col- in skin tissue were dⅣ etected respectively by ELISA after the last medication. Results Compared with the model group, the levels of MMP-9 and ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 markedly increased and the levels of Col-Ⅳand TIMP-1 markedly decreased in medium and high- dose of capparis spinosa total alkaloid group (P<0.05, P<0.01). But the level of PAI-1 was not influenced (P>0.05). Conclusion Capparis spinosa total alkaloid is effective in treating fibrosis of SSc by adjusting imbalance of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and decreasing expression of Col-Ⅳ.

Objective To summarize and report the experiences of surgical treatment of infective endocarditis. Methods From March 1995 to March 2004, surgical operations were performed in 25 patients with infective endocarditis, 9 of who received emergency surgery and 16 received selective operation. Replacement of mitral valve was performed in 3, aortic valve replacement in 13, mitral and aortic valve replacement in 8, Bentall procedure in 1.Associated cardiac lesions included patent ductus arterioles in 1, ventricular septal defect in 2, rupture of Valsalvaps sinus in 1. Results There was one postoperative death, which gave an overall hospital mortality of 4%. Twenty-four patients were cured and improved. Conclusion Surgical operation should be the preferred mode of surgical correction for infective endocarditis. The timing of surgery and proper perioperative management are key factors for the successful treatment of infective endocarditis.

The genetic indentification of 16S rDNA or ITS, capability of phosphate-solubilization and pH of medium, and optimization of medium of some microorganism isolated from mangrove were investigated in this study. The result showed that the fungi normally had much higher capacity to dissolve the inorganic phosphate than the bacteria, the capacity of the fungi was closely correlated to the pH of medium, but the relationship was weak for the bacteria. It was illustrated by single factor experiments that the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources were maltose and urea respectively. The orthogonal design was employed in testing the optimum composition of medium composed of 5 g/L maltose, 0.05 g/L urea, 5 g/L NaCl, pH 5. In this optimal medium, the effectively enrichment of bacteria could reach up to 6.06?109 CFU/mL under 30?C for 48 hours cultivation.

This paper expounds the needs analysis and system design of traditional Chinese medical science and technology of sci-tech novelty search management system,discusses the architecture of the system and each functional module,and summarizes and discusses the meaning of this system when applied in sci-tech novelty search.

Objective To discuss the application value of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and lower extremity deep venous ultrasonography in patients of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) combined with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods Nine hundred and seventy-four hospitalized patients of PTE in the first hospital of China medical university between December 2010 and March 2015 was enrolled,119 cases of these were combined with CHD (12.22％),including 94 cases of unstable angina and 25 cases of myocardial infarction.To review the general information,embolism area and ultrasonic report of the patients of PTE combined with CHD.The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were combined with left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction or valvular diseases.To compare TTE parameters between the two groups with two-sample t-test and calculate the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing imaging massive pulmonary embolism (MPE) by TTE.Results (1) Seventeen cases thrombosis (3.43％) were observed in PTE patients who underwent TTE.The majority were pulmonary artery thrombosis (11 cases).Four cases of thrombosis (5.63％) were observed in PTE patients combined with CHD.The majority were right heart embolus (3 cases).(2) Lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT)was observed in 52.60％ of all the PTE patients and 34.62％ of PTE patients combined with CHD.The majority were on the left and the deep venous thrombosis of the calf.(3) Fouty-six cases (64.79％) were PTEindirect signs in TTE.The sensitivity of echocardiography diagnosis of MPE was 84.38％ and the specificity was 52.60％.(4) Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure [(47.90± 21.49) mmHg vs (31.18± 22.43) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),t=3.227,P ＜0.05] and inferior caval vein diameter [(19.66±4.41) mm vs (16.20± 3.46) mm,t=3.598,P ＜ 0.05] in CHD combined with left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction or valvular heart disease were higher than the control group.The differences were statistically significant.Conclusions The proportion of CHD in hospitalized PTE patients was high.TTE could find PTE signs and had high sensitivity for diagnosis ofMPE.TTE could prompt the possibility of PTE combined with left heart disease.

Objective To identify risk factors associated with the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) in-duced by crush syndrome and whether the patient required hemodialysis (HD). Method A retrospective study was designed. Within 19 days after the Chinese Wenchuan earthquake (May 12, 2008), 63 victims (33 men, 30women) of 2139 cases were hospitalized at Mianyang Central Hospital (Siehuau, China) because of crush syn-drome caused by crush injuries. The patients with renal dysfimcfion before the earthquake were excluded. Totally 63 patients with AKI associated with crush syndrome were included in this study and were divided into two groups: group 1, 25 patients, requiring HD (when urine volume <250 mL/d;serum potassium> 6 mmol/L) ; and group 2, 38 patients, without HD. The following data were collected retrospectively for all patients: (1) epidemiological parameters: age, gender, race, time under the rubble, liquid treatmem before being rescued; (2) clinical param-eters: blood pressure, body area crushed, amputation, fasciotomy, blood transfusion, quantity of fluid infusion, urine output in the first 24 hours; (3) initial laboratory data: complete blood count, urine analysis, serum chem-istry, arterial blood gas analysis. Comparisons between the two groups were made using SPSS 10.0. The quantita-tive data and categorical data were analyzed using t tests and χ2 tests, respectively. P -values < 0.05 were consid-ered to indicate significant differences. The significant variables were entered into logistic regression models to de-termine the risk factors for the severity of AK1 in patients with crush syndrome and whether the patient required HD. Results Four significant risk factors with P -values < 0.05 were identified: fasciotomy, cystatin C (Cys C)level, myoglobin (MB) level and lactic acidosis. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 8.641 (3.027～76.479), 6.956 (3.027～76.479), 5.379 (3.027～76.479) and 4.833 (2.569～32.764), respectively. Conclusions In addition to urine output and potassium levels, we found that four risk factors, namely faseiotomy, Cys C and MB levels, and lactic acidosis, were significanfly associated with the severity of AKI and whether the patient required hemodialysis.

This paper analyses the defects of bubble oxygen inhalators currently used, and investigates into their solutions for improvement.
Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Oxygenators ; standards