No abstract available.
Atrophy ; Pityriasis* ; Tinea Versicolor*

Isolated angiitis of the central nervous system is a rare clinicopathologic entity characterized by vasculitis restricted to the vessels of central nervous system without other apparent systemic vasculitis. It manifests headache, higher cortical dysfunction. focal neurologic dysfunction and cranial nerve palsies. We experienced a case of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system in 6 year-old girl who was admitted to out unit because of headache, hemiparesis and altered consciousness. The laboratory test for blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid are all within normal ranges. There was no evidence of systemic vasculitis. The contrast enhanced brain CT scan showed low densities along the left cerebellar hemisphere and posterior aspect of temporal lobe without enhancement, and left lateral internal carotid angiogram showed poorly contrast filling along the territory of left posterior cerebral artery due to narrowing or ischemic changes of the vessels. Axial T2WI (TR/TE, 2190/80) of magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple scattered high signal intensities at left pons with cerebellar hemisphere and diffuse high signal intensity along the left occipital lobe with enlarged surrounding gyral patterns, and axial T1WI(TR/TE, 665/25) showed intense gyral pattern contrast enhancement along the left occipital lobe. Steroid was tried with apparent benefit. We report a case of isolated angiitis of central nervous system with review of literature.
Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Consciousness ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nervous System* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Occipital Lobe ; Paresis ; Pons ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Reference Values ; Systemic Vasculitis ; Temporal Lobe ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vasculitis*

Poly-D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) is widely used in facial rejuvenation as a collagen stimulator, with a lower risk of granuloma formation compared to poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). However, granulomas may still occur. In this case, a 58-year-old woman developed firm, non-tender, bilateral infraorbital granulomas 2 months after her third PDLLA injection for infraorbital hollowing. The lesions were unresponsive to intralesional trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and intense pulsed light therapy, necessitating surgical removal. Histopathological analysis confirmed foreign-body granulomas caused by the PDLLA filler. This case highlights the need for caution when injecting PDLLA into thin-skinned areas like the infraorbital region, where granulomas can be more visible due to limited tissue volume. Although PDLLA fillers are generally safe, granuloma formation remains a potential complication. Early diagnosis and treatment with non-surgical methods, such as intralesional TCA, should be prioritized. If these methods fail, surgical excision, aimed at preserving as much normal tissue as possible, may be necessary for optimal outcomes.

Cauda equina syndrome is a rare neurologic complication in patient with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis. Authors report a case of cauda equina syndrome. in ankylosing spondylitis. On plain radiographs, typical "bamboo spine" and fusion of sacroiliac joints were noted. MRI of the lumbar spine revealed arachnoid diverticulae which were isointense to cerebrospinal fluid on all spin echo sequences, and showed bony erosion and scalloping of posterior arches.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Cauda Equina* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pectinidae ; Polyradiculopathy* ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

The determination of proliferative activity in the colorectal mucosa has been used for different purposes as the estimation of cancer risk and the assessment of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. But the prognostic significance of proliferative activity in colorectal carcinomas remains controversial. To investigate the prognostic significance of proliferative activity in colorectal carcinomas, the author estimated the proliferative activity immunohisto chemically using the monoclonal antibody PCNA and compared with clinicopathological data in 62 colorectal carcinomas. The results were as follows: 1) The reactivity of PCNA was more pronounced at the infiltrative margins of the tumors and tumor cells within the vascular or lymphatic channels. 2) The mean PCNA index of colorectal carcinomas was 40.5?0.4%. PCNA indices had positive correlations with lymph node invasion(p<0.05), liver, metastasis(p<0.05), Dukes' stage(p<0.01) and TNM classification(p<0.01), and didn't correlated with location of tumor, size of tumor, histological type and lymphtic or vascular invasion. 3) The patients with high PCNA index(more than 45%) represented higher recurrence or metastasis rate(37.5%) than those with low PCNA index (less than 45%)(19.3%) in Dukes B or C colorectal carcinomas during the follow-up periods, but not significant statistically. These results suggested that the reactivity of PCNA may be a useful prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas.
Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Diaphragmatic Eventration* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at identifying the effects of improved methods of endotracheal suction and hand washing on incidence of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) in the neurosurgical ICU. METHOD: Repeated training of nurses about hand washing and adherence of the single use of suction catheter and sterile normal saline of endotracheal suction was provided. Then hand washing compliance of nurses before and after training was investigated. and the incidence of NP in all patients hospitalized for more than 72 hours in the neurosurgical ICU was investigated from Sep 1, 2000 to Jan 31, 2001 (2nd surveillance). The NP rate of that period was compared with the incidence of the 1st surveillance period, from Sep 1, 1999 to Jan 31, 2000. The data were analyzed with chi-square-test. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis by SAS 8.0. RESULT: The proportion of hand washing performance increased from 15.6% to 46.8%. The rates of NP per patient during 1st surveillance and 2nd surveillance were 10.3%, 3.9%(p=0.01) patient-days rates of NP were 10.0 cases/1,000 patient days, 4.1 cases/1,000 patient days(p=0.04), and ventilator-days rates of NP were 67.6 cases/1.000 ventilator days, 16.2 cases/1,000 ventilator days(p=0.00) respectively. Out of 29 isolates, 18 were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which was the most frequently isolated microorganism. The risk factors associated with incidence of NP were age, length of stay, Glasgow coma scale, diabetes mellitus, duration of intubation, insertion of endotracheal tube, duration of tracheostomy, presence of tracheostomy, duration of ventilator, use of ventilator, and insertion of nasogastric tube. CONCLUSION: These results showed that single use of suction catheters and sterile normal saline and increased compliance of hand washing were important factors to decrease the incidence of NP.
Catheters ; Compliance ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Hand Disinfection* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Intubation ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Pneumonia* ; Risk Factors ; Suction* ; Tracheostomy ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the intention to report child abuse of emergency room nurses based on the health belief model. Methods: This was a descriptive study that used a cross-sectional design. A total of 188 emergency room nurses working at general hospitals with more than 300 beds in Seoul participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: Correlations and regression analyses showed that the perceived severity (β=.14, p=.024), perceived barrier (β= -.25, p<.001), and self-efficacy (β=.31, p<.001) were factors influencing emergency room nurses’ intention to report child abuse, and the explanatory power of the model was 33.0%. conclusion The results of this study related to the health belief model, being a valid theoretical basis for child abuse reporting intention research, significantly suggest new research directions in the future. In addition, to increase the nurses' intention to report child abuse in the emergency room, the influencing factors identified in this study can be utilized and develop specific interventions using the health belief model.

Purpose: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are associated with considerable mortality. This study was aimed to identify survival factors among medical care unit patients with CPE. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort; data were collected from September 2017 to June 2019 through electronic medical records. The data collected were general characteristics, disease-related characteristics, severity-related characteristics, and treatment-related characteristics. Data were analyzed based on frequency, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Cox proportional hazard model using SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: Seventy-seven patients were included (59 survivors and 18 deceased) in the study. Univariate analysis identified factors for survival associated with acquired CPE as age (t= -1.56, p= .037), simplified acute physiology 3 (SAPS3) score of admission date (t= -2.85, p= .006), Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of CPE acquisition date (t= 2.38, p= .020), artery catheter at CPE acquisition date (χ2 = 4.58, p= .032), vasoconstrictor agents use at CPE acquisition date (χ2 = 6.81, p= .009), platelet at CPE acquisition date (t= 2.27, p= .025), lymphocyte at CPE acquisition date (t= 2.01, p= .048), calcium at CPE acquisition date (t= 2.68, p= .009), albumin at CPE acquisition date (t= 2.29,p= .025), and creatinine at CPE acquisition date (t= 2.24, p= .028). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed that GCS at CPE acquisition date (HR= 1.14, 95% CI= 1.05-1.22), lymphocyte at CPE acquisition date (HR= 1.05, 95% CI= 1.00-1.10), and creatinine at CPE acquisition date (HR= 1.25, 95% CI= 1.04-1.49) were independent survival factors among medical intensive care unit patients with CPE. Conclusion Based on the study results, it is necessary to develop nursing interventions that can aid in the management of patients with CPE and identify their effects.

Background: This study compared and analyzed the surface properties, including gloss, Vickers hardness, surface roughness,surface morphology, and color stability, of various aesthetic restorative materials subjected to in-office tooth bleaching treatments. Methods: The experimental groups consisted of various commercially available aesthetic restorative materials, includinglight-cured composite resin (CR), light-cured bulk-fill resin (BF), compomer (CP), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI), and glass ionomer cement (GI). Before and after the bleaching treatment using 30% hydrogen peroxide, the gloss was measured with a gloss meter, the Vickers hardness values were assessed with a Vickers hardness tester, and the surface roughness was analyzed using a surface profilometer. Surface morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy.After the bleaching treatment, color stability was evaluated by immersing the specimens in coffee, Pepsi Cola, black tea, and distilled water solutions. The color changes (ΔE*) were analyzed at 1, 3, and 7 days. Results: Compared with the pre-treatment values, gloss significantly decreased in the BF and RMGI groups (p＜0.05), Vickers hardness significantly decreased in the RMGI and GI groups (p＜0.05), and surface roughness significantly increased in the CR and RMGI groups (p＜0.05). The surface morphological changes were minimal in all the experimental groups, except for RMGI and GI. In terms of color stability, the CP group exhibited the highest color stability in distilled water, while the GI group showed the lowest (p＜0.05). The BF group demonstrated the highest color stability in the coffee, Pepsi-Cola, and black tea solutions, whereas the RMGI group showed the lowest color stability (p＜0.05). Conclusion The findings of this study will provide foundational data for selecting aesthetic restorative materials that have minimalimpact on surface properties, while offering optimal aesthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction tailored to the specific oral conditions of the patient.