PURPOSE: We analyzed disease free survival and the prognostic factors of liposarcoma in the extremity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1994 and 2005, of 44 patients who were diagnosed and treated for liposarcoma of the extremity, 40 patients were restrospectively analysed. 13 out of 40 patients got postoperative radiotherapy. We examined local recurrence, distant metastasis and disease free 5-year survival rate. We also analyzed clinical prognostic factors, such as age, gender, size of tumor, prior unplanned excision, histologic type, surgical excision margin and postoperative radiotherapy respectively. RESULTS: There were 3 cases of local recurrence and 4 cases of distant metastasis. The disease free 5-year survival rate was 85.0%. 26 patients presented with myxoid, 8 well differentiated, 4 round cell, 1 pleomorphic and 1 dedifferentiated histology. The disease free 5-year survival rate of mixoid, well differentiated and round cell liposarcoma were 100.0%, 84.6% and 75.0% (p=0.419). The 5-year disease free survival rate was 90.6% in negative surgical margin (n=25) and 62.5% in positive surgical margin (n=15) (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that surgical excision margin is significant prognostic factor for 5-year disease free survival rate.
Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Humans ; Liposarcoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate

A case of histiocytosis X with the involvement of pituitary stalk in a 5 year old boy was described. He presented with diabetes insipidus and the endocrinological study showed growth hormone deficiency. On computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, the pituitary stalk was abnormally thick. Overlooking of the skull lesion on plain X-ray film led to an erroneous diagnosis of germ cell tumor'. Gross total removal of the lesion and chemotherapy were performed. In the differential diagnosis of suprasellar masses, this disease entity should be included. The importance of histological diagnosis of the infundibular lesion in cases of central diabetes insipidus is also emphasized.
Child, Preschool ; Diabetes Insipidus ; Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; Germ Cells ; Growth Hormone ; Histiocytosis* ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pituitary Gland* ; Skull ; X-Ray Film

Leiomyosarcoma of the penis is an extremely rare disease. We have encountered a case of leiomyosarcoma of the penis in a 45 year old man. On staging work up. local invasion to corpus cavernosum. but no evidence of lymph node metastasis was evident. After the confirmation of leiomyosarcoma by excisional biopsy, the patient underwent partial penectemy. Herein we report this case with the review of literatures.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Penis* ; Rare Diseases

Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplasm arising from cells that originate in the cervix uteri. It is the second most prevalent cancer among women. It can have several causes; an infection with some type of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the greatest risk factor for cervical cancer. Over 100 types of HPVs have been identified, and more than 40 types of HPVs are typically transmitted through sexual contact and infect the anogenital region. Among these, a number of HPVs types, containing types 16 and 18, are classified as "high-risk" HPVs that can cause cervical cancer. The HPVs vaccine prevents infection with certain species of HPVs associated with the development of cervical cancer, genital warts, and some less common cancers. Two HPVs vaccines are currently on the global market: quadrivalent HPVs vaccine and bivalent HPV vaccine that use virus-like particles as a vaccine antigen. This review discusses the current status of HPVs vaccines on the global market, clinical trials, and the future of HPVs vaccine development.
Cervix Uteri ; Condylomata Acuminata ; Female ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Vaccines* ; Risk Factors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle

Purpose: This study used a mixed methods research design in an attempt to verify the effects of robot-assisted rehabilitation on the gait ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia, and thereby further understand the benefits and challenges of stroke patients’ experiences relying on robot-assisted rehabilitation. Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed methods study design was used in order to combine both quantitative and qualitative data. For the quantitative data collection, a total of 30 stroke patients with hemiplegia were recruited from one rehabilitation hospital. Qualitative data were collected through individual interviews using semi-structured questionnaires for a group of 15 patients who were currently undergoing robot-assisted rehabilitation. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Results: As a result of the quantitative analysis, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of daily living activity patterns, total number of steps, and average walking speed. As a result of the qualitative analysis, the four main themes derived consisted of, ‘curiosity about the usage of robot-assisted rehabilitation,’ ‘pleasure experienced while using the robots,’ ‘insufficient information about robots,’ and ‘a lack of education about robot-assisted rehabilitation.’ Conclusions Robot-assisted rehabilitation had a significant effect on the walking ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Additionally, stroke patients with hemiplegia experienced difficulty during the course of their robot-assisted rehabilitation, due to a lack of sufficient information on correct usage techniques. These quantitative and qualitative findings could provide the basic foundation for the development of an educational program on robot-assisted rehabilitation.

No abstract available.
Leukemia*

Sleep-related painful erection (SRPE) is characterized by deep penile pain accompanied with erection occurring rapid eye movement (REM) movement period. Two (47-year-old and 40-year-old, respectively) male visited with the complaint of painful penile erection occurring during sleep. They had no problems with erection during daytime sexual activities except for mild premature ejaculation in one patient. Urologic inspections revealed no focal abnormalities. Polysomnography with simultaneous penile erection monitoring showed several episodes of awakening with painful erection which are time-locked to onset of REM sleep periods. According to the diagnostic criteria in international classification of sleep disorders, each patient was diagnosed to have chronic, severe SRPE. Despite of a low prevalence of SRPE, this condition should be considered in a patient who presents with nocturnal penile. A polysomnography accompanied with penile erection recording may help confirm diagnosis.
Adult ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Polysomnography ; Premature Ejaculation ; Prevalence ; REM Sleep Parasomnias* ; Sexual Behavior ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sleep, REM

No abstract available.
HIV* ; Humans ; Lymphocytes*

The clinical and pathologic features, including prognostic factors and survival data, were analyzed for 23 patients with intracranial ependymoma treated surgically at the Seoul National University Hospital during the years 1979 to 1990. The age at diagnosis ranged from 2 months to 55 years(mean : 14.9 years). The male to female ratio was 10:13. Fifteen patients(65%) were under the age of 15. The tumors of twenty one patients(91%) were located infratentorially. The adjusted overall 5-year-survival rate of infratentorial ependymomas was 77% excluding 4 cases of surgical mortaltiy(Kaplan-Meier method). The period of follow-up ranged from 2 to 70 months. No correlation was possible between 5-year-survival rate and extent of tumor, age group(below and above 6 years), extent of removal, or pathologic grading. Clinical or pathological evidence of spinal metastasis was not found.
Diagnosis ; Ependymoma* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Seoul

BACKGROUND: Nocturnal muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary, painful muscle contractions that occur in the night and are accompanied by hardening of the muscles. Many symptomatic treatments have been introduced for nocturnal muscle cramps, such as quinine, magnesium, and phenytoin. However, the efficacy and safety of these drugs have not been adequately evaluated. To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of phenytoin treatment for nocturnal muscle cramps, we conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with nocturnal muscle cramps. METHODS: We reviewed 16 patients (6 men, 10 women) who suffered frequent nocturnal muscle cramps and were treated with phenytoin. The patients' clinical information (age, sex, disease duration, and locations of cramps), treatment dosage, and frequency of cramps were obtained by reviewing their medical records. RESULTS: The patients were aged 63.1+/-14.7 years (mean+/-SD; age range, 30-80 years; median age, 68 years). Twelve and four patients received phenytoin doses of 100 and 200 mg/day, respectively. The median duration of medication was 51 days (range, 14-378 days). Phenytoin treatment was effective in all patients; 13 patients (81.3%) experienced a total remission of their symptoms, and a significant reduction (66.7-85.7%) in the frequency of cramps was found in the remaining 3 patients. No adverse effects were reported by any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: While this retrospective study was conducted with only a small number of patients, the clinical results suggest that phenytoin is a safe and helpful therapy for the treatment of nocturnal muscle cramps.
Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Magnesium ; Male ; Medical Records ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle Cramp* ; Muscles ; Phenytoin* ; Quinine ; Retrospective Studies