No abstract available.
Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Enterotoxins* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Gene Expression* ; Humans* ; Intestinal Mucosa*

No Abstract Available.
Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Chemokines, CXC* ; Enterotoxins* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Humans* ; NF-kappa B*

No Abstract Available.
Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Chemokines, CXC* ; Enterotoxins* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Humans* ; NF-kappa B*

The authors have experience with a case of cephalo-pelvic disproportion associated with acute hapatitis during fullterm pregnancy under the spinal anesthesia for Cesarean section at the Ewha Womans University Hospital. The past ohstetric history revealed spontaneous abortion 2 times and no special medication and blood transfusion. During operation the patients condition was unstable due to severe hypotension after spinal anesthesia. At 14 hours after the end of the operation, the patient expired because of acute renal shut down accompanied by continuous vaginal, bleeding and oozing from the operation wound. The neonatal infant expired also. A review of the literature is reported with the incidence, eriology, signs, symptoms and treatment of the liver disease during pregnancy.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Blood Transfusion ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Infant ; Liver Diseases ; Pregnancy ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
HIV* ; Humans ; Humans* ; Lymphocytes* ; Zidovudine*

We have experience with a case of eclampsia under general anesthesia for primary Cesarean section. The patient had fits 6 times for 9 hours at home and hospital. The Apgar score of the neonatal infant was five and seven points at one and five minutes after delivery, respective1y. After the end of the operation, the patient had attacks, of fits 2 times and a semicomatous mental state in the recovery room. Then l2 hours later the patient recoveried completely without any special complications. A review of the literature is reported with the incidence etiology and treatment of the eclampsia during pregnancy.
Anesthesia, General* ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section* ; Eclampsia* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Recovery Room

BACKGROUND: Alexithymia refers to a specific disturbance in psychic functioning characterized by difficulties in capacity to verbalize affect and to elaborate fantasies. Although initially described in the context of psychosomatic illness, alexithymic characteristics may be observed in patients with a wide range of medical and psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: The present study was to evaluate the relationship between the alexithymia and bronchial asthma, and to compare the results with finding from a group of acute infectious illness subjects. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Alexithymia was measured with on Korean translation of the TAS-20 (Toronto Alexithymic Scale-20 Korea version) and the Scored Archetypal 9 Test(SAT9). Thirty patients with bronchial asthma and thirty patients with acute infectious illness completed these tests. The SAT9 and the TAS-20K scores were compared in the both group, considering the age, gender, education level, and duration of illness. RESULT: Bronchial asthma patients had significantly higher score of on the TAS-20K and SAT9 compared with those with infectious illness(p<0.05). The two scales correlated in expected direction. Alexithymia was significantly related to education level(SAT9: r=0.335, TAS-20K: r=-0.376, p<0.01) and duration of illness(asthma group, SAT9: r=-0.383, TAS-20K: r=0.288, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Bronchial asthma patients had significantly higher alexithymic scores. This finding suggests that psycliathic consultation may be considered for the management of asthmatic patients with alexithyria.
Affective Symptoms* ; Asthma* ; Education ; Fantasy ; Humans ; Korea ; Weights and Measures

The purpose of this study was to describe outcome indicators of nursing education including critical thinking, professionalism, leadership, and communication and to evaluate differences among nursing programs and academic years. A descriptive research design was employed. A total of 454 students from four year baccalaureate (BS) nursing programs and two three-year associate degree (AD) programs consented to complete self-administered questionnaires. The variables were critical thinking, professionalism, leadership and communication. Descriptive statistics, chi2-test, t-tests, ANOVA, and the Tukey test were utilized for the data analysis. All the mean scores of the variables were above average for the test instruments utilized. Among the BS students, those in the upper classes tended to attain higher scores, but this tendency was not identified in AD students. There were significant differences between BS students and AD students for the mean scores of leadership and communication. These findings suggested the need for further research to define properties of nursing educational outcomes, and to develop standardized instruments for research replication and verification.
Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Korea ; Leadership ; Research Design ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Nursing ; Thinking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No Abstract Available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Endothelium, Corneal*

With the advent of modern surgical technique, the liberal use of whole blood transfusions has became widespread and so a variety of untoward reactions have been recognized. The complication of blood transfusions have been studied intensively during past 10 years, 1965~1974, in the Ewha Womans University Hospital. It has performed 3,589 cases of blood transfusions of at least 500cc during operation out of 10, 730 cases operation experiences. 184 cases among them were given massive blood transfusions of at least 2,000cc within about 3 hours period at operating room. The overall mortality was 9,8% and increased with the amount of blood given, the age of patient, complicating medical conditions, anatomical site of trauma, shock and operation time. When shock was prevented or quickly corrected, the mortality was decreased. However, when prolonged shock occurred in patients with preexisting or associated disease, the mortality was increased. The complications of transfusion were generally urtiearia (61%), high fever (15g) shock(12%), and wound infections (2%). The causes of death following transfusion may depend upon the complications of transfusion.
Blood Transfusion* ; Cause of Death ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Mortality ; Operating Rooms ; Shock ; Wound Infection