The proliferative vitreoretinopathy was a complication followed by operation of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. It was the mot, comon cause of a failure of retinal detachment surgery. It was characterized by the growth of cellular fibrous membrance in detached both retinal side and vitreous and also developed by giant retinal dialysis, posterior segmental trauma, excessive cryotherapy, endophthalmitis, retianl vascular disease. In order to prevent and treat of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, various methods of operation and drugs have been researched. We executed the experiment using the rabbit to observe the effect of retinoic acid that is known by inhibition of migration and proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial cell and fibroblast in vitro. With 121 eyes of rabbit, we induced the proliferative vitreoretinopathy by injecting of human retinal pigment epithelial cell, human fibroblast, and rabbit fibroblast into eyeball of rabbits. The extent of proliferative vitreoretinopathy was compaired by injecting those cells with the group that was injected by retinoic acid and control. The result was that in those cell groups, the extent of proliferative vitreoretinopathy was significantly higher in the rabbit fibroblast group than the other two groups(P<0.05). And in the groups that were injected retinoic acid, when subconjuctivaly injected(0.3mg/0.3ml), proliferative vitreoretinopathy was effectively suppressed and when intravitrealy injected (0.05mg/0.1ml), vitreoretinopathy was more increased than the control group. This result was probably caused by high concentration of retinoic acid in vitreous and further evaluation with various concentration of retinoic acid is needed. In conclusion, we recommend a rabbit fibroblast and subconjunctival injection of retinoic acid for the study on the suppressive effect of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Cryotherapy ; Dialysis ; Endophthalmitis ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Tretinoin* ; Vascular Diseases ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

No abstract available.
Folic Acid Deficiency* ; Folic Acid* ; Polyneuropathies*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Baths* ; Blood Glucose* ; Insulin* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purposes of this study were to investigate various environmental factors for colon polyps and to analyze locoregional clinical characteristics of colon polyps in Gyeongju and Pohang area. METHODS: From October 2005 to September 2006, patients who underwent colonoscopy were analyzed based on their ages, genders, body mass indices (BMI), dietary habits, smoking behaviors, accompaying diseases, and medications as risk factors for the occurrence of colon polyps. Then clinical manifestations, gross appearances and pathologic findings of polyps were investigated. RESULTS: Among 253 patients enrolled, a total of 296 colon polyps were found in 108 patients. The incidence of colon polyps in more than 50-year old patients was 3.2-fold greater compared to less than 50-year old patients. Smoking habits were also significantly associated with the occurence of colon polyps. Among adenomatous polyps, tubulovillous type and moderate to severe dysplasia were frequently observed as the size increased, yet the location of polyps was not significantly associated. CONCLUSIONS: Older age and smoking habit increase the risk of colon polyps. Rectal polyps have less chance to be adenomatous type. The larger the polyp grows, the more likely it to be tubulovillous and dysplastic.
Adenomatous Polyps/pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colonic Polyps/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Odds Ratio ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population

Myopericarditis is an uncommon manifestation, but can be reaely a lethal complication of infectious mononucleosis. We experienced a case of infectious mononucleosis complicated by myopericarditis in which the clinical pictur was confused as acute myocarddial infarction. A 25-year-old male who presented with syncope and chest pain. The diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis was comfirmed by both a positive heterophil antibody test and a high titer of Epstein-Barr virus antibody. He was found to have completely normal findings at cardiac catheterization, including coronary arteriography. Pathologic specimen from right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated extensive lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration of the myocardium.
Adult ; Angiography ; Biopsy ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Chest Pain ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophils ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Infarction ; Infectious Mononucleosis* ; Male ; Myocardium ; Syncope

PURPOSE: Blepharoptosis can result from either congenital or acquired causes. Blow out fracture or facial bone fracture including blow out fracture can be one of the causes. Authors experienced 3 cases of severe blepharoptosis after blow out fracture treated only with observation after reduction of associated fracture. METHODS: Reconstruction of orbital wall was conducted on all cases diagnosed as blow out fracture using 3 dimensional computed tomography, and conservative treatment was done on accompanying severe blepharoptosis. RESULTS: At the time of injury, all cases showed severe blepharoptosis requiring frontalis muscle transfer for correction. But blepharoptosis was recovered in an average of 18 weeks without any surgical procedure except reconstruction of orbital wall. CONCLUSION: Once Blepharoptosis occurred after blow out fracture, thorough evaluation must be done at first. If definitive cause of blepahroptisis cannot be found as authors' cases, injury of oculomotor nerve may result in blepharoptosis. So, as for blepharoptosis after blow out fracture, conservative treatment following reconstruction of fractured orbital wall can be one of good management.
Blepharoptosis ; Facial Bones ; Muscles ; Oculomotor Nerve ; Orbit

To investigate the significance of precordial ST-segment depression in acute inferior myocardial infarction, electrocardiographic findings in 51 consecutive patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction were analysed with clinical findings and coronary artery angiography. Thirty patients(Group A) had no or <1.0mm ST depression, and twenty one patients(Group B) had > or =1.0mm ST depression in two or more precordial(VI-6) leads were included in this study. Patients in Group B thd greater summed ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, AVF(6.3+/-6.1 vs 2.4+/-2.3mm, p<0.05), higher plasma peak CK levels(1776.8+/-1503.3 vs 5666.6+/-587.7 IU/L, p<0.05), higher plasmal peak CK-MB levels(141.2+/-1553.3 vs 34.1+/-35.7 IU/L, p<0.05), more prevalence of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery disease (46.6% vs 16.6%, p<0.05) than patients in Group A. There was no significant difference between Group A and Group B in the LV ejection fraction, delta area decreasing rate, infarction related asynergy, complications during hospitalization and cardiac events during follow up period. In conclusion, patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction who have associated with precordial ST depression had more extensive myocardial damage probably due to concomitant left anterior descending coronary artery disease.
Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression* ; Electrocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infarction ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Plasma ; Prevalence

Posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery is very rare and occurs secondary to trauma. Clinical diagnosis is based on past history of trauma and physical examination and can be confirmed by duplex ultrasonogram, digital subtraction angiography, CT and MRI. Ligation of proximal and distal ends of the superficial temporal artery and excision of the pseudoaneurysm has been the standard treatment. Compressive therapy, endovascular coil embolization, percutaneous thrombin injection under ultrasound guidance have been reported as alternative treatment methods. When surgical excision of the superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm is performed, surgeon must be concerned about the anatomical relation between superficial temporal artery and temporal branches of the facial nerve. In this article, we report a rare case of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm with some review of the literatures about anatomical relation between superficial temporal artery and temporal branches of facial nerve.
Aneurysm, False ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Facial Nerve ; Ligation ; Physical Examination ; Temporal Arteries ; Thrombin

CSF rhinorrhea can be divided into two groups according to its origin: the more common traumatic and the less frequent nontraumatic group. CSF is not only an obvious portal of entry but also a good culture media for bacteria. So meningitis is likely to be developed when CSF leaks. With reviewing some of concerned literatures, We present a case of the recurrent bacterial meningitis due to defect of the cribriform plate resulted from traumatic accident.
Bacteria ; Culture Media ; Ethmoid Bone* ; Meningitis ; Meningitis, Bacterial*