Adenomyosis is a common disease of middle-aged women and adenomyoma is a variety of adenomyosis that formed localized tumor. Cystic degeneration of an adenomyoma is a rare clinical manifestation. A 30-year-old parous woman suffered from severe dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia for about 5 months, was operated under the impression of endometriosis of the pelvis. Following the operation, cystic degeneration of an adenomyoma was found incidentally. The authors experienced a case of adenomyosis that formed cystic tumor of uterus and presented with a pertinent literatures.
Adenomyoma ; Adenomyosis* ; Adult ; Dysmenorrhea ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Humans ; Menorrhagia ; Pelvis ; Uterus

Induction of general anesthesia with direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation is routine procedure but causes varying degree of sympathetic stimulation such as increasing in blood pressure and heart rate. Many approaches have been tried to attenuate these hemodynamic responses. To evaluate the effects of nicardipine, a new calcium channel blocker, for prevent sympathetic stimulation induced by direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, we administered nicardipine (40 mg P.O.) 60 minutes before laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. 60 patients, ASA physical status 1,2, scheduled operation, were selected randomly. We divided these patients into two groups. Group 1: control, valium 0.1-0.2 mg/kg P.O. (N=30), Group 2: valium 0.1-0.2 mg/kg with nicardipine 40 mg P.O. (N=30). We measured systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate before premedicstion, before induction and 1,3,5,10 minutes after intubation in both groups and compared with control group. The results were follows ; 1) Systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure in nieardipine group were significantly decreased before induction after premedication. 2) After induction systolic blood pressure increased in both group (p<0.005) but increasing rate was significantly less than in nicardipine group (p<0.005). 3) After intubation diastolic pressure decreased significantly in nicardipine group (p<0.005). 4) The changes of heart rate were no difference in both groups.
Anesthesia, General ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium Channels ; Diazepam ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngoscopy ; Nicardipine* ; Premedication

Induction of general anesthesia with direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation is routine procedure but causes varying degree of sympathetic stimulation such as increasing in blood pressure and heart rate. Many approaches have been tried to attenuate these hemodynamic responses. To evaluate the effects of nicardipine, a new calcium channel blocker, for prevent sympathetic stimulation induced by direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, we administered nicardipine (40 mg P.O.) 60 minutes before laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. 60 patients, ASA physical status 1,2, scheduled operation, were selected randomly. We divided these patients into two groups. Group 1: control, valium 0.1-0.2 mg/kg P.O. (N=30), Group 2: valium 0.1-0.2 mg/kg with nicardipine 40 mg P.O. (N=30). We measured systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate before premedicstion, before induction and 1,3,5,10 minutes after intubation in both groups and compared with control group. The results were follows ; 1) Systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure in nieardipine group were significantly decreased before induction after premedication. 2) After induction systolic blood pressure increased in both group (p<0.005) but increasing rate was significantly less than in nicardipine group (p<0.005). 3) After intubation diastolic pressure decreased significantly in nicardipine group (p<0.005). 4) The changes of heart rate were no difference in both groups.
Anesthesia, General ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium Channels ; Diazepam ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngoscopy ; Nicardipine* ; Premedication

No abstract available.
Leukemia*

No abstract available.
Neuroectodermal Tumor, Melanotic

PURPOSE: Computed tomographic(CT), ultrasonographic(US) findings of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas were correlated with pathologic findings for the better understanding of this disease entity. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective review of CT and US of 14 cases of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas was carried out in terms of the margin, internal architecture, caicification and septation, and this was correlated with gross pathologic findings. RESULTS: CT and US findings were well defined round masses consisting of both solid and cystic components. Five cases were cystic, four cases were solid and five cases were mixed. Cystic portion of the tumor represented variable degree of hemorrhagic necrosis. Six cases contained foci of calcification, which were linear, marginal and amorphous. Marginal calcification interfered US examination of the mass in three cases. Internal septurn was demonstrated in four cases on CT, one case on US and three cases on gross specimen. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that calcification and internal septurn were considered as a part of radiologic findings in solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas.
Necrosis ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial* ; Pancreas* ; Retrospective Studies

Carbon monoxide gas is found in the atmosphere whenever society has become industrialized. In addition to the fact that Korea has become industrialized, bituminous coal is used to heat homes here, in heating systems that, if not very carefully maintained, leak this gas, resulting in a number of deaths and near deaths each winter. It has only rarely been reported by investigators that genetic damage may be done transplacentally to a human fetus by a pregnant woman's being poisoned by CO. We explored this by evaluating the damage done to the mouse fetus through an in vivo experiment, using micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests. Mice were mated and pregnant ones divided into a group that received acute exposures on 3 different days, a group that received chronic exposure, and a control group. In the meantime in the control group the incidence of both micronuclei and SCE was less on the maternal side, in both the acute and chronic exposure groups, whereas the incidences of both micronuclei and SCE were more on the maternal side. However, the incidence on the fetal side was not far behind. Increasing, the dosage of carbon monoxide with gestational age increased the incidence of both micronuclei and SCE in the mother and fetus alike.
Animal ; Carbon Monoxide/toxicity* ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects* ; Female ; Fetus/drug effects* ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mutagens* ; Pregnancy ; Sister Chromatid Exchange/drug effects*

Estriol excreation was studied in 216 normal and 61 pathologic pregnancies. The 95% fiducial limits of the normal excretion of estriol, within which 95% out of 100 future determinations in normal pregnancies are expected to fall, were established. The estriol curve in normal pregnancy in this study agrees well in its general shape with those presented by previous investigators who used different chemical methods of determination. The estriol values in pathologic pregnancies with preeclampsia. intrauterine fetal death and antepartum hemorrage have been analyzed. The clinical significance of estriol determinations during pregnancy was discussed.
Estriol/urine* ; Female ; Fetal Death/urine ; Human ; Pre-Eclampsia/urine ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy Complications/urine* ; Uterine Hemorrhage/urine

The 2010 Emergency Physician (EP) Survey of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine (KSEM) was the first comprehensive survey of its members on their working conditions, working environment, and compensation. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire on the web interface and e-mail from March to December of 2010. The subjects were currently active EPs working in an emergency department (ED). Additional e-mails, telephone calls, and visits were necessary in order to encourage the participation of members. Out of 841 members, 394 members completed the questionnaire. Excluding members who are currently not working in an ED, retired, opened a private practice as a primary physician, or unknown status, 635 (75.5%) EPs were working in 203 EDs out of a total of 465 EDs in Korea. There was a wide range of variations in ED employing EP. EP employing practices by the hospitals depended on the size and level of ED and the region of the country. ED employed 4.52+/-2.97 Eps, and 4.80+/-5.69 emergency residents, 4.21+/-3.05 interns, and 26.02+/-16.99 nurses. On average, EPs worked 17.51+/-5.84 days, and 7.87+/-3.17 night shifts in a month, 228.11+/-57.46 hours in a month. The average pay for the hour was 33,300 KRW. Satisfaction of the EPs with their compensation was below average. Important factors in selection of a workplace depended on night-shifts, time for the family, pay, and the relationship with other specialties. On a 10 point scale, satisfaction with their training was 6.38; the answer to selection of the same specialty was 5.53; satisfaction with the current emergency medical services (EMS) system was 3.85; emergency medicine in 10 years was 5.75. The adult APGAR score was 5.05. As in the survey, members of KSEM as a whole are working a large number of heavy duty hours, with insufficient pay. Most of them feel over burdened and unsatisfied with their current state. They also share a dim outlook on the future. In order to increase job satisfaction of EPs, there must be an improvement in the welfare and working conditions. This survey was conducted in order to obtain a clear view of the current status of EPs in Korea, and in hopes of contributing to improvement of the EP status. This survey will lay a cornerstone for development of an EMS system in Korea.
Adult ; Apgar Score ; Compensation and Redress ; Electronic Mail ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hope ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Korea ; Private Practice ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Telephone

PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes and normal ranges of the artery-bronchus ratio (ABR) during respiration MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed HRCT of 10 healthy adults. The HRCT findings of ten healthy adults were analysed. CT scanning was performed with 1 mm collimation at 3 mm intervals during full inspiration and full expiration, with a range during inspiration from 2 cm to 4 cm above the carina and from 4 cm above to 2 cm below the right hemidiaphragm. The range during expiration was from 1 cm to 3 cm above the carina and from 4 cm above to 2 cm below the right hemidiaphragm. ABiR (defined as the diameter of pulmonary artery divided by the inner diameter of the bronchus), ABoR (defined as the diameter of pulmonary artery divided by the outer diameter of the bronchus) and BLR (defined as the inner diameter of the bronchus divided by the outer diameter of the bronchus) were measured on the display console. RESULTS: The mean inner diameter of the bronchi was 2.04+/-0.73 mm during inspiration and 1.68+/-0.51 mm during expiration, while the mean diameter of the arteries was 3.95+/-1.03 mm during inspiration and 4.37+/-1.09 mm during expiration. The diameters of the bronchi were thus seen to increase during inspiration, and the diameters of the pulmonary arteries, to decrease. The mean thickness of the bronchial wall was 1.07+/-0.19 mm during inspiration and 1.06+/-0.24mm during expiration; thus, no change in thickness was seen during respiration (p<0.05). Mean ABiR was 2.01+/-0.60 (range 1.15-4.58) during inspiration and 2.59+/-0.74(range 1.16-4.9) during expiration, and in all cases the inner diameter of the bronchus was less than that of the accompanying pulmonary artery. Mean ABoR was 0.91+/-0.19 during inspiration and 1.09+/-0.22 during expiration. while for BLR, the corresponding fingures were 0.46+/-0.06, and 0.44+/-0.09. CONCLUSION: HRCT is a useful tool for evaluating changes in the pulmonary arteries and bronchi during respiration.
Adult ; Arteries ; Bronchi ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Reference Values ; Respiration* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed