No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Intermittent Urethral Catheterization*

PURPOSE: It is reported that 65% of diabetic male patients over 60 of their age are impotent. However, there is no report concerning the effect of serum glucose control on erectile dysfunction in diabetic patient. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of serum glucose control on erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AMD METHODS: The development of Diabetes mellitus was defined that the serum glucose level was above 200mg/dL in random test at 25 weeks. We designed the experimental specimen into 3 groups; group I: diabetic OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) rats without blood sugar control (n=10), group II: diabetic OLETF rats with blood sugar control with 4U insulin subcutaneous injection daily from 26 to 46 weeks (n=10), group III: diabetic OLETF rats with blood sugar control with 10U insulin subcutaneous injection daily from 26 to 46 weeks (n=10). We estimated the collagen content of penile tunica albuginea with the scanning electron microscopy and observed the endothelial layers of corpus cavernosum with the transmission electron microscopy in each group. RESULTS: The serum glucose level was 249 +/- 4.1mg/dL, 234 +/- 2.7mg/dL, 215 +/- 3.0mg/dL respectively in group I, II, III, and decreased in order of group II, III. The differences among groups were statistically significant (p<0.05). The thickness of collagen bundles of penile tunica albuginea was 0.98 +/- 0.1 micrometer, 0.94 +/- 0.3 micrometer, 0.92 +/- 0.1 micrometer respectively in group I, II, III, and decreased in order of group II, III. The differences among groups were statistically significant (p<0.05). The endothelial layers of corpus cavernosum were decreased in II, III. CONCLUSIONS: The serum glucose control in diabetic rats decreases the collagen con tents in penile tunica albuginea and the endothelial layers of corpus cavernosum.
Animals ; Blood Glucose* ; Collagen* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Endothelium ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Insulin ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Rats* ; Rats, Inbred OLETF

In 1933 Shope described an infectious papilloma of wild cattontail rabbits. Shope rabbit papilloma is a virus-induced epidermal neopIasm indigenous to western cottontail rabbits and readily transmissible to domestic rabbits by inocuiation with an cell-free extract of wild cottontail papilloma. Shope papilloma induced in the domestic rabbits may spoataneously, remain benign, or progress to carcinoma. Kidd et al. (1936) noted that the regression is not correlated with the titer of virus neutralizing antibody. The possibility that papilloma regression is brought about by a mechanism anaIogous to that operating in allograft rejection was suggested by kidd et al. (1938) with the view of the histological resemblance between papilloma regression and rejection of allografted tissue. That regression is mediated by an immune mechanism is strongly indicated by the findings of Evans et al.(1962) that the proportion of rabbits showing regression is substantially increased by vaccination of rabbits with their own papilloma tissue or with papilloma tissue from another rabbits. McMichael (1967) demonstrated that suppression of regression was achieved by use of large doses of corticosteroid. The effect of 5-fluorouracil on human warts was mentioned as being effective by Goldman et al. (1963). In Korea resinous extract from Paulownia coreana has long been used empirically in the treatment of human warts. In this investigation effects of dexamethasone administration on the development and the spontaneous regression of Shope papillomas in domestic rabbits were studied. At the same time, observations were made to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of topical application of 5% 5-fluorouracil ointment and resinous extract from Paulownia coreana on Shope papilloma in the domestic rabbit. The results are summarized as follows: l. Administration of dexamethasone significantly reduced the spontaneous regression of Shope papillomas in domestic rabbits by 12 weeks after virus inoculation. 2. Topical application of 5% 5-fluorouracil ointment on Shope papillomas cured the tumors by 4 weeks of drug application. However, similar treament with resinous extract from Paulownia coreana was without any demonstrable effects. 3. Marked losses of body weights became manifest in dexamethasone treated rabbits. 4. Reinoculation of Shope papilloma virus into 2 rabbits whose papillomas had regressed 3 months ago failed to produce papillomas.
Allografts ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Body Weight ; Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus ; Dexamethasone* ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Korea ; Papilloma* ; Rabbits ; Tumor Virus Infections ; Vaccination ; Warts

The distal tibial physeal plate is the second most frequently injured physis and the percentile incidence of its injury is reported to reach 11 percent of all physeal injuries. After physeal injuries, many complications may follow such as angulatory deformity, incongruity of the joint surface, and growth disturbance, which are well recognized. Therefore, for preventing these complications, we have to know mechanism of injury and position of foot in injury. There are several published articles about classification of these injuries. The first traumatological classification of ankle injuries in children is the one proposed by Bishop. Although there were many reports about classification since Bishop, those did not mention the position of foot in injury. Recently a modified classification by Dias and Tachdjian added the postiton of the foot during injury to the direction of the force as Lauge-Hansen did. There were only few reports about epiphyseal and physeal injuries of the ankle in Korea. Also, we could not find the reports which dealt with more than forty cases. The authors have made a clinical analysis on forty cases of childrens ankle fractures, and among them twenty-two could be followed over a year, who were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kang-Nam St. Marys Hospital, from June 1981 to December 1986. Children were in age of 3 to 16 years. Forty cases were classified according to modified Dias and Tachdjians. 15 out of 40 cases (37.5%) had supination and external rotation injury, which is the most frequent mechanism of injury in this series. However, one case (2.5%) which was suspected to be axial compression type could not be accommodated to this classification. Twenty-seven cases were treated by gentle closed reduction and immobillization in a plaster cast, and thirteen by open reduction and internal fixation. Among the 22 cases who were followed over a year, five cases had complications, such as angulatory deformity, incongruity of the joint surface, and growth disturbance. Three cases out of these five cases had incongruity of the joint surface.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Injuries ; Ankle ; Casts, Surgical ; Child ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Foot ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Korea ; Supination

The authors introduced flip back spin echo (FBSE) technique for MR imaging of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) instead of conventional spin echo (SE) technique, and evaluated whether FBSE technique in MRI of TMJ is adequate for the diagnosis of the disorders or not. FBSE T1 parasagittal images in closed mouth state and sequential opening and closing mouth states using patient's own finger(s) were obtained and then FBSE T1 paracoronal image in closed mouth state and STAGE(short tip angle gradient echo) parasagittal T2WI were followed. All 30 images of the symptomatic TMJs using FBSE technique were excellent in the visualization of articular and their displacement, and we could easily diagnose the internal derangement. FBSE technique was adequate for the diagnosis of internal derangement of the TMJ, and the modified cine display from images using FBSE technique was advantageous in the diagnosis of the disorders by visualization of the dynamic motion of the TMJ.
Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mouth ; Temporomandibular Joint*

No abstract available.
Rhinoplasty*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: As a result of exposure to human leukocyte antigen(HLA) by pregnancy, blood transfusion and previous organ transplantation, many patients awaiting renal transplantation can develop HLA antibodies. The level of HLA sensitization is determined by PRA(panel reactive antibody) test using a lymphocyte panel from HLA phenotyped selected donors. In Korea, PRA tests have not been performed routinely for organ transplantations. and there is no available data about HLA sensitization in renal transplantation. METHODS: PRA test was done in 136 sera of chronic renal failure(CRF) patients receiving dialysis (hemodialysis 108, peritoneal dialysis 28) by NIH standard microlymphocytotoxicity method with a frozen lymphocytes panel from 36 HLA-typed donors. PRA positive sera were re-tested after dithiothreitol(DTT) treatment and analyzed for HLA antibody specificities. RESULTS: Thirty five out of 136 sera(25.7%) showed positive PRA values in HLA antibody screening test. The PRA(%) values of the 35 positive sera were distributed into 1-10%(n=8), 10-20%(n=7), 20-50%(n=12) and 50%-100%(n=8). respectively. After DTT treatment, the change of PRA reactivity was divided into three groups. The PRA values of Group A(22 sera: 63%) showed no change, Group B(7 sera: 20%) declined, and Group C(6 sera. 17%) completely disappeared after DTT treatment. The specificities of HLA antibodies were identified in 19 out of 35 sera(54%). The success rate in defining antibody specificities was 0 at PRA values of 1-10% and 70-100%, and high at PRA values of 20-70%. CONCLUSION: We observed that about a quarter of CRF patients have developed HLA antibodies of immunoglobulin class-IgG, mixed IgG and IgM, and IgM HLA antibody in decreasing order of frequency.
Antibodies ; Antibody Specificity ; Blood Transfusion ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Isoantibodies* ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Kidney Transplantation ; Korea ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Mass Screening ; Organ Transplantation ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Pregnancy ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

This study is comprehend the reality and characteristics of C.V.A. patients and to be helpful to its prevention and cure by resarching C.V.A. outpatient or inpatients who visited some of the oriental hospitals during three months from April 1 to June 30 1996 which are located in Taegu and Kungbuk Province, and concluded as follow: 1. The general characteristics of the subjects were: (1) 52.3% of the subjects were male. (2) In terms of age, 34.7% of them were in the sixties. (3) In terms of job, 28.5% of them were housewives(the highest percentage). (4) 77.6% of them had their spouses. (5) 67.2% of them were middle class. (6) In terms of educational background, 24.6% of them were literate of korean alphabets, and 23.4% were elemantary school gradurates. (7) 51.6% of them were outpatients. 2. 73.3% of the subjects experienced C.V.A. for the first time, and 23.1% were at recurrence, and 3.6% were chronic. 3. In terms of C.V.A. types, 49.8% of the subjects had cerebral hemorrhage, and 41.9% had cerebral infarction, and 8.3% had the others. In cerebral hemorrage, the percentage in "male, forties, job of sales service, unmarried, middle class, high educational background" were higher than the others respectively. And in cerebral infarction, the percentages in female, over seventies, official job, married, upper class were higher than the others respectively. 4. In terms of reasons of C.V.A. 49.5% of them were high blood pressure, and 24.2% were high stress, and 18.8% were overwork, and 4.0% were fatness, and 2.5% were heredity. In high blood pressure, the percentages in "high age, teacher, unmarried, lower class, low educa-tional background" were higher than the others respectively. 5. In terms of family members' C.V.A. , 56.7% of the subjects answered negatively, and 43.3% positively. In terms of the diseases which they had now except for C.V.A., 33.6% of them had hypertention, and 16.2% had diabetes, and 9.4% had neuralgia, and 4.0% had heart disease, and 16.6% had the otehrs, and 20.2% had no other disease. In heart disease, the percentages in "male, teachers, middlelower class, middle school graduates, inpatients" were higher than the others respectively. In neuralgia, the percentages in "fifties and sixties, housewives, spouse alive, upper class, literate of Korean alphabet" were higher than the others respectively. In terms of the diseases which they had now except for C.V.A., 33.6% of them had hypertension, and 16.2% had diabetes, and 9.4% had neuralgia, and 4.0% had heart diseases, the percentages in "fifties and sixties, housewives, spouse alive, upper class, literate of Korean alphabets" were higher than the others respectively. 6. In terms of the diseases which they had before C.V.A., 22.4% of them had hypertension, and 18.8% had diabetes, and 8.1% had heart diseases, and 11.2% had neuralgia and arthritis, and 7.8% had cancer, and 21.7% had the others. 7. In terms of exercise behaviors before C.V.A., 41.2% of them did nothing, and 58.8% did sometimes. 8. In terms of fatness level by self judgement, 36.1% of them thought "proper", and 41.1% thought themselves "fat(the highst percentage), and housewives(45.5%) thought themselves "fat". 9. In terms of favorite food, 50.2% of them liked meat, and 33.2% liked vegetables, and 13.0% liked fish. 10. In terms of fancy things of C.V.A. patients, 57.0% of them were non-smokers, and 53.1% were non-drinkers, and 55.2% disliked coffee. In smoking level, 16.6% of them smoked less than five pieces a day. In drinking, 18.0% of them drank half a glass of soju. In coffee, 25.3% of them drank a cup of coffee a day. 11. The level of satisfaction with C.V.A. patient-healing methods ; In medical therapy, 43.3% of C.V.A. patients thought it "usual", and 44.1% thought it "satisfactory" and 7.9% thought it "unsatis-factory". In acupunture and moxibustion 39.7% of the C.V.A. patients thought it "usual", and 53.0% thought it satisfactory" and 3.3% thought it "unsatisfactory". The level of satisfaction With Physiotherapy was average 61.7% and 4.0% was "unsatisfactory". From above statement, by considering those characteristics we should develop programs and materials to be health to the prevention and cure of C.V.A. and we should help hospitals and medical personnel families concerned to make use of them.
Arthritis ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Coffee ; Commerce ; Daegu ; Drinking ; Female ; Glass ; Heart Diseases ; Heredity ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Inpatients* ; Male ; Meat ; Moxibustion ; Neuralgia ; Outpatients ; Recurrence ; Single Person ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spouses ; Stroke* ; Vegetables

No abstract available.
Spinal Stenosis*