Objective To observe the effects of physical agents therapy on serum hs-CRP, TNF-α andadiponectin in patients with cerebral infarction and the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods Sixty patientswith cerebral infarction were randomly and equally divided into two groups: 30 cases were treated with physical a-gents therapy ( physical therapy group) , and 30 with drugs only ( drug treated group). Thirty normal subjectsserved as the control group. The level of hs-CRP in the serum was determined by latex agglutination reaction, TNF-and adiponectin were determined by using ELISA before and after therapy. Results The levels of serum hs-CRP and TNF-α of patients with cerebral infarction before therapy were much higher than those of the control group,but adiponectin was significantly lower than those of the control group( P < 0.01 ). After therapy, the levels of ser-um hs-CRP and TNF-α were decreased and adiponectin was increased significantly in both treated groups ( P <0.01 ). Comparison with two treated groups showed that the levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α were lower and adiponec-tin was obviously higher in physical agents therapy group than those in the drug treated group ( P < 0.05 ). Con-clusion The patients with cerebral infarction have low level of serum adiponectin. Physical therapy might exertbeneficial effects on patients with cerebral infarction by the decreasing serum hs-CRP and TNF-α, as well as by ele-vating adiponectin.

Background and purpose:Loss of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is one of the most common somatic genetic aberrations in prostate cancer in Western countries and is frequently associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of PTEN protein loss in Chinese prostate cancer patients and to determine its association with the biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.Methods:The data from 225 diagnosed localized prostate cancer patients with radical prostatectomy from 2006 to 2011 were collected retrospectively, including patient’s age at diagnosis, prostate-speciifc antigen (PSA) level at diagnosis, Gleason score, clinical stage, surgical margin, and time to biochemical recurrence or not. This study performed PTEN protein immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, which were made from 225 Chinese prostate cancer patients mentioned above, treated by radical prostatectomy with one case including 2 cancer spots and 2 adjacent normal gland spots. Correlations of PTEN loss with clinicopathological features were analyzed usingχ2 test. Kaplan-Meier survival model and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to evaluate the predictive role of PTEN protein expression and patient characteristics for biochemical recurrence. Results:PTEN protein loss was observed in 15% of the patients and was associated with increased preoperative PSA levels (P=0.03) and old age (P=0.009). In univariate Kaplan–Meier analysis, the factors associated with the biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer included PSA levels (P=0.000 4), Gleason sum (P=0.019 8), and PTEN status (P=0.013 1). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, PTEN expression (HR=0.536, P=0.044), PSA levels (HR=1.879, P=0.001), and Gleason score (HR=1.361,P=0.03) were signiifcant in predicting biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.Conclusion:PTEN protein loss is associated with an increased risk of recurrence, independent of known clinicopathological factors.

Objective To explore imaging manifestations of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEH). Methods CT and MR images in 14 patients with HEH proven by histopathology were retrospectively analyzed. Plain and two-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan were performed in 5 cases, non-contrast and multiphase contrast-enhanced MR scan were performed in 7 cases, CT and MRI were both performed in 2 cases. Characteristics of CT and MR T2WI images were classified and analyzed. All lesions were classified into three types:multiple, diffuse and solitary form. Results (1) Multiple form of HEH:228 lesions were found in 11 patients, including 178 lesions on MRI and 50 lesions on CT. On T2WI, three or two layered-target-signs with hyperintensity core were found in 79.2% (141/178) of the lesions. Three layer-target-sign included hyperintensity core, hypointensity rim and slightly high signal halo from the inside out. Two layer-target-sign included hyperintensity core and slightly high signal halo from the inside out. Characteristics of dynamic contrast-enhanced scan included peripheral two or three layered-rim-like enhancement in 66.3%( 118/178) of the lesions;peripheral, gradual rim-like enhancement with enhanced core in 27.0%( 48/178) of the lesions;heterogeneously mild enhancement in 2.2%( 4/178) of the lesions;centripetal enhancement in 4.5%( 8/178) of the lesions. Fifty lesions were found in CT, which showed low density nodules or masses with clear margins. Two-layered-black-target sign were found in 42 lesions in contrast-enhanced images, white-target sign were found in 3 cases, and centripetal enhancement was found in 5 cases. (2) Diffuse form of HEH:in one of the two cases of this type, the lesions could not be separated from normal liver parenchyma, gradual enhancements were found along with the vessels in the center of the lesions. (3) Solitary form of HEH: one case, the lesion showed heterogeneous density in non-contrast CT images and gradual enhancement in contrast-enhanced images. Conclusions We found some imaging characteristics of HEH. Two or three layered-target-sign on T2WI and black-target sign, white-target sign on contrast-enhanced images were unique imaging features of HEH.

Aim To study the effect of PLC on rabbit and human platelet actin polymerization, and then to explore the mechanism of PLC anti-aggregation to platelet. Methods Platelets of rabbit and human were treated with PSS, ASA and different doses of PLC respectively and then were extracted by Triton abstraction. The relative concentration of actin of differently treated platelets induced by ADP was determined by SDS-PAGE and spectrophotometre. Results For rabbit platelets were treated with PSS, the relative concentration of actin determined at static state was 1.682?0.319; when the platelets were treated with ASA 668 ?mol?L -1,PLC 5,10,15,20 and 25 U?ml -1, the relative concentration of actin determined at activated state induced by ADP was 2.450?0.562,1.089?0.322,1.727?0.442,1.450?0.324,1.161?0.306, 0.857?0.242 and 0.692?0.187 respectively. Compared with PSS, inhibition rates (%) of ASA 668 ?mol?L -1, PLC 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 U?ml -1 to the relative concentration of actin were 55.55,29.51, 40.82,52.61, 65.02,71.76 respectively.For human platelets were treated with PSS, the relative concentration of actin determined at static state was 1.358?0.376; when the platelets were treated with ASA 668 ?mol?L -1,PLC 5,10,15,20 and 25 U?ml -1, the relative concentration of actin determined at activated state induced by ADP was 2.445?0.750, 1.096?0.344, 1.705?0.507,1.437?0.416, 1.165?0.355, 0.845?0.257 and 0.679?0.198 respectively. Compared with PSS, inhibition rates (%) of ASA 668 ?mol?L -1, PLC 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 U?ml -1 to the relative concentration of actin were 55.17,30.27, 41.23,52.35, 65.44, 72.23 respectively. Conclusion PLC has significant effects on actin polymerization of rabbit and healthy human platelets (P

In the last decade, along with the development of taxonomy research in marine-derived actinobacteria, more and more halogenated natural products were discovered from marine actinobacteria. Most of them showed good biological activity and unique structure compared to those from land. The special halogenation mechanism in some compounds' biosynthesis has drawn great attention. So in this review, we focus on the halogenated natural products from marine actinobacteria and their halogenation mechanisms.

Objective To analyze the genotype of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) strains isolated from patients with chickenpox or zoster and to differentiate them from Oka vaccine strain by molecular analysis. Methods In the present study, single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) based VZV genotypes were analyzed in 19 VZV isolates using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms analysis of DNA fragments of the open reading frames 38, 54, 62, and the 1t5 repeat region. Results The genotypes of 19 VZV isolates including two different groups with 52.7% of Pst Ⅰ+ Bgl Ⅰ+ R5A and 47.3% of Pst Ⅰ+ Bgl Ⅰ+ R5B, which is very different from those found in North America, Europe and Japan. All the Chinese isolates are wild-type strains with ORF62 Sma Ⅰ-. No Oka vaccine strains were revealed among the isolates. Conclusion Chinese VZV strains reported in this study showed different molecular characteristics from those circulating in Europe, North America and Japan. The SNPs in ORF62 and ORF38 may be used to distinguish VZV wild-type strains and vaccine strain in clinical isolates in China.

Objective To evaluate the treatment of bilateral hydronephrosis caused by prostate cancer. Methods Twenty-four eases with mean age of 71 years old (ranging from 64--81 years old) were diagnosed with bilateral hydronephrosis caused by prostate cancer and treated with complete androgen deprivation. Surgical castration plus Bicalutamide 50 mg/d was offered to 18 eases and medical castration (Goserelin, 3. 6 mg/month) plus Bicalutamide 50 mg/d was offered to 6 cases. There were 19 cases developed severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Among these 19 cases, 13 cases had accepted Foley catheter and 6 cases accepted suprapubic tube drainage. Results Before and after the treatment, the prostate volume decreased from (70. 3±11.2)ml to (42.6±15.8)ml(P=0. 001). Total PSA decreased from (40. 3±27.2)ng/ml to (9.5±8.3)ng/ml(P=0.02). Of the 24 cases, hydrone phrosis improved in 18 cases, remained unchanged in 3 cases and deteriorated in 3 cases. There were 14 patients developed renal insufficiency. After the treatment, Serum urea nitrogen decreased from (12. 8±6. 5) mmol/L to (6. 3 ± 4. 2) mmol/L (P = 0. 004) and serum ereatinine decreased from (206.8±152.3)μmol/L to (85.3±43.6)μmol/L(P=0.03), respectively. For those 6 cases with hy dronephrosis unchanged or deteriorated during the treatment, 4 cases accepted percutaneous nephros tomy and 2 cases accepted chtaneous ureterostomy. Conclusion The combination of complete androgen deprivation and bladder drainage through Foley catheter or suprapubic tube is an effective option in the treatment of bilateral hydronephrosis caused by prostate cancer.

Objective To explore the new model of teaching assessment and evaluation of sanitary microbiology studied by students majoring in preventive medicine. Methods Combination of formative assessment and summative assessment was applied in the teaching for students in under-graduate preventive medicine class in Grade 2007-2010. To get better effect, method was improved constantly. Pearson correlation analysis was used to students' formative assessment and summative as-sessment, and comprehensive evaluation achievement(the first two added). Moreover, the effects were assessed by teachers' self-evaluation and their exchanging ideas with students. Results Ranging from 10.06 to 12.22, the standard deviations of four grades' summative assessment results were the biggest number, so the summative assessment was more effective. Students' formative assessment, summative assessment, and comprehensive assessment for this course were positively correlated(P<0.01) for suc-cessive four years. Teachers and students approved of the new mode. Conclusion The effective com-bination of formative assessment and summative assessment was helpful for student to develop and assess learning ability and overall qualities, and for teachers to improve teaching level.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the synthesis technology of sorafenib tosylate (Ⅰ). METHODS:The intermediate N-methyl-(4-chlorpyridin-2-yl)carboxamide(Ⅳ)was obtained by chlorination and amidation with 2-picolinic acid as the starting com-pound. Meanwhile,N-[4-chloro-3-(triflouromethyl)phenyl]-N′-(4-hydroxyphenyl)urea (Ⅶ) was prepared from aminophenol and 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl isocyanate,which was obtained from 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline(Ⅴ)by reaction with initiator triethylamine. Sorafenib tosylate was synthesized from Ⅳ and Ⅶ with potassium tert-butoxide by condensation and salt for-mation. The target compound was characterized by 1H-NMR. RESULTS:The target compound was confirmed as Ⅰ,with the over-all yield of 74% [based on 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethylanilin)]. The purification of chromatogram was 94%. Optimized technology improves yield and simplifies multi-step intermediate decompression,distillation and purification process;the application of initia-tor shortens the duration of reaction. CONCLUSIONS:Ⅰ is prepared successfully,and raw material can be obtained easily and is easy to operate with high yield.

Objective To assess the role of helical CT in the long-term follow-up of patients with malignant hepatic tumors treated with RFA. Methods CT findings of patients with liver malignant tumors (29 hepatocellular carcinomas and 7 metastases) were reviewed retrospectively, who underwent percutaneous ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA). CT images consisted of nonenhanced and dual-phase contrast-enhanced helical CT scan, the effect of ablation therapy and tumor recurrence were detected. Results The major patterns of tumor residual or local recurrence were the lesions with thick rim or nodular peripheral enhancement in arterial phase or the lesions with gross enlargement on follow-up CT images. The complete necrosis lesions in 28 cases (77.8%) were seen on the initial postablation CT scans after a single session RFA. On the subsequent follow-up CT examination, the local intra-hepatic tumor recurrences were seen in 2 cases (5.6%) as well as the remote intra-hepatic tumor recurrences were seen in 4 cases (11.1%).Conclusion For certain patients with hepatic malignant tumors, RFA is an effective therapeutic method, and dual-phase contrast enhanced helical CT scans play a important role in long-term assessment and follow-up of patients.