Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; pathology ; Forehead ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland ; pathology

Objective To study the effect of injured podocytes on glomerular maturation and its underlying mechanism in neonatal mice.Methods Single i.p.injection with puromycin aminonucleoside (PA,0.1 mg/g BW) was given to ICR neonatal mice at day 1 after birth (1 dpp). Littermates injected with normal saline (NS) were used as control.Animals were examined for urine protein,blood pressure,kidney weight/body weight (KW/BW),renal histology at 2,4,8,12, 30,60 and 90 dpp (n=6～9 for each group).Immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to examine the expression of WT-1,CD31,VEGF,Flk-1,Ang-1,Ang-2,Tie-1 and Tie-2.Results Mice with PA injection had lower kidney weight and body weight at all time points as well as lower KW/BW at 4,8,12 dpp when compared with NS controls.Electron microscopy revealed nearly complete foot process effacement and segmental microvillous transformation as early as 1 day after PA injection.PA-injected kidneys showed fewer capillary loops and decreased maturation index as well as less CD31-positive endothelium in cortical glomeruli at 12 dpp. Glomerular mesangial injury and developing glomerulosclerosis along with proteinuria were noted in PA-injected kidneys starting from 30 dpp.Significantly increased systolic blood pressure was detected at 60 dpp in PA mice.Compared with NS injection,PA injection significantly induced decreased mRNA expression of Flk-1 and Tie-2 as well as increased expression of Ang-1,without obvious changes of VEGF at 2 dpp.Conclusions Podocytes in neonatal kidney of ICR mice are susceptible to PA. Such podocyte injury can alter the expression of VEGF and angiopoietin system in glomeruli,leading to abnormal development of glomerular capillaries,and subsequent proteinuria,hypertension and glomerulosclerosis.

Objective To study the macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF)expression levels of serum and synovial fluids from patients with spondyloarthropathy(SPA)and its contribution to the pathogen- esis of SpA.Methods Eleven SpA synovial tissue samples were compared to those from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)of 10 normal subjects using a 1176 gene array.M-CSF was detected in both serum samples and synovial fluids by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Two groups of AS subjects were tested.The first group consisted of 41 ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients who had not been treated with bio- logics.The second group consisted of 13 subjects whose serum samples were collected before and 14 weeks af- ter initiation of infliximab.These were compared to serum samples from 28 normal subjects,and synovial fluid samples from 15 SpA patients.Results Expression of M-CSF could be detected in both serum samples and synovial fluids.The concentration of M-CSF in the group of 41 AS patients not treated with biologics correlated with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index(BASDAI)values(r=0.41,P=0.004).Treatment of infliximab in AS patients led to a significant decrease in the values of BASDAI(P=0.000 07),but no signif- icant change in the serum M-CSF values.Conclusion M-CSF is a promising candidate for research on the mechanisms of SpA and its signaling on pathway in SpA is different from tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?,and it may provide new basis for developing new anti-biologics for SpA.

Objective To assess the characteristic of normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients with mild cogni?tive impairment (MCI). Methods This study included twenty-six cases of normal tension glaucoma patients who were diagnosed at ophthalmology department of Peking University Third Hospital. All the participants were examined by us?ing the scales of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), mini-mental state examination(MMSE), clinical dementia rat?ing (CDR), activities of daily living (ADL), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Pitts?burgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography (PSG). The patients were then divided into Group with MCI (16 cases) and Group without MCI (19 cases). Results There was no difference between the two groups in gender, age, edu?cation, depression, anxiety and body mass index (BMI) (P>0.05), but significant difference in MoCA scores (P<0.05). The incidence rate of sleep disorder of PSQI in was 28.6%(10/35 patients) of total NTG patients, 43.8%(7/16 patients) in Group with MCI, and 15.8% (3/19 patients) in Group without MCI, respectively. The PSQI score was higher in Group with MCI than in Group without MCI (P<0.05). Sleep efficiency was higher in Group without MCI than in Group with MCI (P<0.05), but no difference was found between the two groups in six other indexes of PSQI (P>0.05). The in?cidence rate of sleep structure disorder of PSG in all the NTG patients was 85.7%(30/35 patients), 87.5%(14/16 pa?tients) in Group with MCI, and 84.2%(16/19 patients) in Group without MCI. Sleep time of NREM-N3 was significant?ly shorter in Group with MCI than in Group without MCI (P<0.05), but no difference was found between those groups in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep latency and REM time (P>0.05). Conclusion NTG patients with mild cogni?tive impairment are more prone to sleep disorders, especially sleep structure disturbance and short NREM-N3 time may affect cognitive function.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been discovered and are increasingly recognized as vital components of modern molecular biology.Accumulating evidence shows that lncRNAs have emerged as important mediators in diverse biological processes such as cell differentiation,pluripotency,and tumorigenesis,while the function of lncRNAs in the field of normal and malignant hematopoiesis remains to be further elucidated.Here,we widely reviewed recent advances and summarize the characteristics and basic mechanisms of lncRNAs and keep abreast of developments of lncRNAs within the field of normal and malignant hematopoiesis.Based on gene regulatory networks at different levels of lncRNAs participation,lncRNAs have been shown to regulate gene expression from epigenetics,transcription and post transcription.The expression of lncRNAs is highly cell-specific and critical for the development and activation of hematopoiesis.Moreover,we also summarized the role of lncRNAs involved in hematological malignancies in recent years.LncRNAs have been found to play an emerging role in normal and malignant hematopoiesis,which may provide novel ideas for the diagnosis and therapeutic targets of hematological diseases in the foreseeable future.

Objective:To determine whether ox-LDL (oxdized low-density lipoprotein) is highly deposited on the uremic vessel wall and its influence on the vascular remodeling. Methods: Segments of radial arteries were obtained from 21 uremic subjects during the operation of A-V fistula prior to hemodialysis. Segments of internal thoracic arteries of similar diameter were obtained from patients with benign chest tumors as control.The vascular lesions and ox-LDL, CD68,MCP-1, eNOS,ET-1, PCNA,FN on the vessel wall were determined by means of H-E stain and immunohistochemistry. Results： With H-E stain,atherosclerotic plaques were found in the radial arteries of 4 uremic patients. The middle layer of the arteries in uremic patients were obviously thickened, and the T/D　(thickness of the wall/external diameter) ratio was significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01). ox-LDL,CD68,MCP-1, ET-1, PCNA,FN on the vessel wall in uremic patients were much higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Moreover, ox-LDL on the vessel wall was positively related to the expression of other above mentioned substances on the vessel wall (P<0.01). Whereas the expression of eNOS on the vessel wall was lower than control group (P<0.01),and was negatively related to ox-LDL on the vessel wall(P<0.01). Conclusion: ox-LDL is an important factor contributing to uremic vascular remodeling by increasing the migration,adhesion and infiltration of monocyte,the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell and dysfunction of endothelia.

Objective:To determine whether ox-LDL (oxdized low-density lipoprotein) is highly deposited on the uremic vessel wall and its influence on the vascular remodeling. Methods: Segments of radial arteries were obtained from 21 uremic subjects during the operation of A-V fistula prior to hemodialysis. Segments of internal thoracic arteries of similar diameter were obtained from patients with benign chest tumors as control.The vascular lesions and ox-LDL, CD68,MCP-1, eNOS,ET-1, PCNA,FN on the vessel wall were determined by means of H-E stain and immunohistochemistry. Results： With H-E stain,atherosclerotic plaques were found in the radial arteries of 4 uremic patients. The middle layer of the arteries in uremic patients were obviously thickened, and the T/D　(thickness of the wall/external diameter) ratio was significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01). ox-LDL,CD68,MCP-1, ET-1, PCNA,FN on the vessel wall in uremic patients were much higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Moreover, ox-LDL on the vessel wall was positively related to the expression of other above mentioned substances on the vessel wall (P<0.01). Whereas the expression of eNOS on the vessel wall was lower than control group (P<0.01),and was negatively related to ox-LDL on the vessel wall(P<0.01). Conclusion: ox-LDL is an important factor contributing to uremic vascular remodeling by increasing the migration,adhesion and infiltration of monocyte,the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell and dysfunction of endothelia.

The metalloproteinases/disintegrins in the snake venom act as platelet aggregation inhibitor by an antagonism against integrin on platelet through its RGD sequence and may play other important role in cell-cell fusion, cell matrix interaction and other cellular function. Ussurin is a new metalloproteinase/disintegrin that was cloned from Gloydius ussuriensis. Poly (A+) RNA was purified from the total RNA preparation from venom gland of a single G. ussuriensis using the poly (A+) tract-mRNA isolation system. A cDNA library was constructed with the SMART PCR cDNA library construction kit. The cDNA library was screened and the positive clones were selected. The full-length cDNA of Ussurin was obtained. The cDNA encoding the Ussurin precursor has a 51bp 5'-UTR, the open reading frame of Ussurin and a 490 bp 3'-UTR, the open reading frame of Ussurin cDNA nucleotide sequence is 1434 bp and codes for 478 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 53.2 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.37. There is no potential N-glycosylation site in the deduced sequence region. Its deduced amino acid sequence consists of four region, a signal sequence of 18 amino acid residues, a zymogen pro-peptide of 171 amino acid residues with a cysteine switch motif (PK-MCGVT) in it, a central metalloproteinase domain of 201 amino acid residues containing a conserved zinc-chelating sequence (HEXXHXXGXXH) and a methionine-turn CIM involving zinc banding also, a space sequence between metalloproteinase domain and disintegrin domain of 15 amino acid residues with a conserved T392, T397, S400, which is specific residues of the P-II snake venom metalloproteinases, a disintegrin domain of 73 amino acid residues with a characteristic RGD region and six-disulfide bonds. Ussurin belongs to P-II class. The cDNA sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of Ussurin precursor were compared with homologous sequence in the GenBank database, the result reveals high degree of homology in sequence and organization pattern of domain with metalloproteinase/disintegrin gene family of other snake species. Compared with the alignment of amino acid sequence of metalloproteinase/disintegrin member, hypervariable regions of this member were revealed, besides they share higher homologous in the zymogen domain. It suggests that the hypervariable regions are the counterparts directly suitable for interacting with different domain of receptors, different receptors or substrates.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Disintegrins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Metalloproteases ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Alignment ; Viper Venoms ; enzymology ; genetics ; Viperidae ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of lidocaine against lung injury after hemorrhagic shock in rabbits.

METHODSEighteen healthy rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6), namely lidocaine group (group L), hemorrhagic shock group (group H) and control group (group C). Hemorrhagic shock model was established in rabbits in groups L and H, and the venous blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxidedismutase (SOD) before phlebotomy (T0), 2 h after hemorrhagic shock (T1) and 2 h after resuscitation (T2). Blood samples were also taken for measurement of MDA and SOD at the same time points in group C. The wet to dry weight ratio of the lung (W/D) was measured at T2.

RESULTSMDA level was significantly lower while SOD level significantly higher in group L than in group H (P<0.05). The W/D ratio in group L was reduced significantly as compared with that in group H (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLidocaine can remarkably alleviate lung injury after hemorrhagic shock by inhibiting MDA production and increasing SOD content.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lidocaine ; pharmacology ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lung Injury ; prevention & control ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Rabbits ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; drug therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of shensong yangxin capsule (SYC) on ventricular premature beat (VPB) differentiated in TCM as palpitation of Qi-yin deficiency syndrome or Xin collateral stagnation syndrome, and cardiovascular autonomic nervous function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODSThe randomized, double-blind, parallel contrast method was adopted, patients were randomly assigned by 3:1 ratio into two groups. One hundred and sixty-five patients in SYC treated group and 56 in the control group (treated with Xinlvning tablet), and the therapeutic course for both groups was 4 weeks.

RESULTSThe clinical efficacy on VPB and in improving TCM syndromes was better in SYC group than that in the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the heart rate variability (HRV) and QT dispersion in the two groups were improved in a certain degree. The changes of SDNN, SDANN, SDNN Index and PNN50 in the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the efficacy in the treated group was superior to that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONSYC has definite effect on VPB and TCM Syndromes, it can obviously meliorate the activity of cardiovascular autonomic nervous system in the patients with CHD.

Adult ; Aged ; Autonomic Nervous System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Capsules ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart ; innervation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; drug therapy ; etiology