AIM: To investigate the concentration of bufadienolides in Liushen Pill from two enterprises. METHODS: Four kinds of bufadienolides were simultaneously determined by using HPLC with DAD detector. RESULTS: Recoveries obtained from the four kinds of bufadienolides were higher than 96%,the linearity was in the range of 1 ?g/mL-100 ?g/mL.The concentration of bufadienolides in Liushen Pill was significantly higher than that in other related TCM compatibilities. CONCLUSION: The well-distributed compatibility in Liushen Pill has an influence on the solubilization of bufadienolides,may be in relation to eahancing to release.

Kawasakd disease(KD) or incomplete KD(IKD) is a systemic vasculitis predominantly affecting young children.Clinical manifestations include fever with no obvious origin,skin damage,abnormalities of mucous membrane and lymph nodes.The disease is often accompanied by serious cardiovascular complications such as coronary artery aneurysm,therefore it attracts more and more attention.But arthritis or arthralgia complicates over one-third of KD or IKD patients.So early-onset arthritis is often indistinguishable from early juvenile idiopathic arthritis,especially systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis(SoJIA).KD and SoJIA are considered to be different diagnoses for children with long-term fever,rash,swollen lymph nodes,and more importantly,the treatment procedures are very different,but it is difficult to completely distinguish the two diseases,especially the IKD and early SoJIA.So in this paper,we will summarize the relationship between KD and arthritis in children,which aims to remind clinicians to pay attention for the diagnosis of KD and IKD.We suggest that physicians should be alert of the fact that they must individualize every patient's management,rather than merely care by the guidelines,which will delay the treatment.

FPGA is a kind of powerful programmable chip used in the development of digital system, and it has such advantages as large capacity, reliability and easy modification. The design of FPGA system is mainly through software method which is easy to grasp. Compared with legacy discrete circuit or ASIC, more and more FPGAs are adopted in digital systems for low cost and fast speed. On the other hand, digital system plays an important role in control system of medical equipments, so FPGA is expected to be widely used in almost all fields of medical equipment.

Quantum dots (QD),a kind of nanocrystal,are made from Ⅱ-Ⅵ or Ⅲ-Ⅴ group elements.It has been reported that compared with current conventional fluorescent markers,QD have excellent optical properties such as strong fluorescence,photochemical stability and can be used for simultaneous multi-channel imaging.Meanwhile,as nanoparticle,QD can be easily surface modified with a variety of biological molecular and can reach cancer cells easily by penetrating the tumor angiogenesis.Therefore,QD have unique advantages in targeted real-time visual imaging of in vivo tumor and have great prospects in the individual diagnosis and treatment of tumor.However,the long-term biosafety after QD into the body still needs further study.

Objective To evaluate the academic level and the popularity of Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics from the point view of citation. Methods According to the information of Chinese Medical Citation Index (CMCI), the amount and distribution of the original articles in Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics cited by the journals included by CMCI were statistically analyzed. The data analysis included the percentage of cited articles, the number of citation of a single article, authors of most cited articles, geological regions of cited articles, citing journals, the self citing rate and years of citation. Results The percentage of cited papers (663 articles, 3728 times) in all published 1 182 articles in Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics from 2005 to 2009 was an average of 56.09%. The average time of original articles cited by other researchers was 5.62. The highest one was citated by 104 times. 210 articles (31.68% of total papers) were cited 5 or more times, and the all cited times from them were 2835 (76.04% of total cited times). 663 cited articles were written by 485 authors from different countries. The most frequently cited author wrote 12 papers. The number of authors with one paper cited was 386 (79.58% of total authors). The cited authors are from the mainland, HongKong, and Taiwan in China, as well as USA, Canada, France. Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin are leading cities in orthopaedic research. Beijing was the first place (32.16% of total authors). There were 445 citing journals. There was 217 items self cited; the self- citing rate is 0.058. Conclusion Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics has provided high quality articles and has a strong influence in the field of medical research. It has been become an important resource for orthopaedic researchers and a vital medical journal in China.

Objective:To observe the effect of emergency airway established by laryngeal mask for cerebral protection, and to popularize using laryngeal mask for establishing emergency airway in cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) among paramedics.Methods:To compare the rescuing effect, 49 cases of patients with cardiac arrest were divided into 2 groups as different rescue method: laryngeal mask group (23 cases), emergency airway established by laryngeal mask airway(LMA); face mask group (26 cases).Results: After aerating 5 minutes, the average oxyhemoglobin saturation has recovered to 94.1% in laryngeal mask group, and it was 78% in face mask group; heartbeat recovery rate was 100% in laryngeal mask group, and face mask group was 84.62%, and there was no statistical significant (x2=2.94,P>0.05); breathing recovery rates were 86.96% and 19.23%, respectively, in laryngeal mask group and face mask group, and there was statistical significant (x2=19.772,P<0.05); consciousness recovery rates were 43.48% and 7.69%, respectively, between the two groups, and there was statistical significant (x2=6.627,P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the face mask group, to establish airway for cardiac arrest patient by using laryngeal mask airway(LMA) would got efficient results in improving anoxia in cerebral, increasing spontaneous breath rate and consciousness recovery rate.

Objective To set up a method for determining the content of anthraquinone in Liuwei Nengxiaosan.Methods The chromatogram column was Eclipse XDB C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm), the mobile phase composition was methanol-0.1% orthphosphoric acid (88∶12), the detection wavelength was at 254 nm, the column temperature was 30℃, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results The linear range of aloe emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion was 0.076-0.380μg (r=0.999 6), 0.068-0.340μg (r=0.999 8), 0.076-0.380μg (r=0.999 9), 0.070-0.349μg (r=0.999 9), 0.071-0.355μg (r=0.999 7), respectively. The average recovery rate respectively was 97.88% (RSD=0.72%), 97.52% (RSD=0.96%), 98.79% (RSD=0.95%), 97.77% (RSD=1.18%), 96.34% (RSD=2.00%).Conclusion The method is highly effective, quick and sensitive, suitable for quality control of Tibet traditional medicine Liuwei Nengxiaosan.

Objective: To investigate a possible role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2/ calcium-activated neutral protease (CANP) signaling pathway in 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Methods: MCF-7 cells were pretreated with ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or CANP inhibitor calpeptin, and then treated with 1×10-8 mol/L E2. MTT assay was employed to determine the effect on cell proliferation. Cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression levels of phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK), total ERK and CANP small subunit Capn4 proteins were examined by Western blotting. Results: The proliferation rate was increased in MCF-7 cells treated with 1×10-8 mol/L E2 for 24 h (P<0.01). The number of cells in G0/ G1 phase was decreased, and the accelerated G1/S transition was observed. Calpeptin could significantly inhibited E2-induced proliferation of MCF-7 cells (P<0.01). The number of cells in G0/G1 phase was increased, and the delayed G1/S transition was observed. The expression of p-ERK was rapidly up-regulated (during 10 minutes) induced by E2 (P<0.01), and this effect persisted for at least 16 h; but there was no obvious change in the expression of total ERK. E2-induced ERK phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells was significantly inhibited by PD98059 (P<0.01). The expression of Capn4 protein was rapidly up-regulated in E2-induced MCF-7 cells ( P<0.01) while significantly inhibited by PD98059 or calpeptin (P<0.01) in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion: The rapid signaling pathway of ERK/ CANP is involved in E2-induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of silencing Smad4 gene expression by using small interfering RNA (siRNA) on proliferation and migration of ECV304 cell line and explore the role of Smad4 in angiogenesis. Methods: Two siRNA sequences targeting Smad4 gene including siRNA1 and siRNA2 were designed and then synthetized. The two sequences of siRNA were transfected into ECV304 cells via lipofectamine mediation. The alteration of Smad4 mRNA and protein expression was examined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The proliferation capacity of ECV304 cells was measured by cell cycle analysis and 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) flow cytometry. The monostratal wound healing test was used to determine the migration capacity of ECV304 cells. Results: siRNA2 was successfully screened out of the two sequences. Transfection of siRNA2 significantly knocked down the Smad4 mRNA and protein expressions. The proliferation and migration capacity of ECV304 cells are significantly enhanced after transfection with siRNA2. Conclusions: Highly effective and specific siRNA targeting Smad4 gene can be successfully screened by RNA interference technique. Selective silencing of Smad 4 gene greatly promotes the proliferation and migration of ECV304 cells.

Translumbar amputation, also known as hemicorporectomy, is a life-saving procedure for patients with a life-threatening diagnosis but with a normal life expectancy. In the surgical procedure, the pelvis, pelvic contents, lower extremities and external genitalia are removed following transection of the lumbar spine. The operation makes the patient lose the ability of being upright. With the interdisciplinary cooperation of doctors, nurses, prosthetists, psychologists, vocational rehabilitation workers and social rehabilitation workers, the patient can realize most of independent activities of daily living through rehabilitation. The rehabilitation associated with the procedure is reviewed.