Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol (RES)on sevoflurane-induced nerve cell injury and its mechanism.Methods Fetal hippocampal tissues were taken from SD pregnant rats and primary nerve cells were isolated and cultured,then the cells were randomly divided into four groups:group control (group C),normal primary nerve cells;group 3% sevoflurane (group S),cells treated with 3% sevoflurane gas;group 3% sevoflurane+RES (group SR),cells treated with RES for 6 h,and then treated with 3% sevoflurane gas;group RES (group R),cells treated with RES.Flow cytometry assay was used to detect the apoptosis of nerve cell;CCK-8 Kit was used to detect cell proliferation;Western blot was used to detect the expression level of Caspase-3,Bax,Bcl-2 and Bace-1;ELISA method was used to detect the protein level of amyloid precursor protein (APP)andβ-amyloid peptide (Aβ).Results Compared with the group C,cell apoptosis was increased (P <0.05),cell proliferation was decreased (P <0.05),the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were up-regulated (P <0.05),the expression level of Bcl-2 was down-regulated (P <0.05), and the protein levels of Bace-1,APP and Aβwere significantly decreased by 3% sevoflurane treat-ment (P <0.05),which were all significantly reversed by RES treatment.Compared with group S, cell apoptosis was decreased (P <0.05),cell proliferation was increased (P <0.05),the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bax were down-regulated (P <0.05),the expression level of Bcl-2 was up-regulated (P <0.05),and the protein levels of Bace-1,APP and Aβwere increased in group SR (P <0.05).Conclusion Resveratrol alleviated sevoflurane-induced nerve cell injury in vitro by reducing cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation,which may be related with the reduction of Aβexpression and the reduced Aβ-induced neurotoxicity.

AIM: To explore the influence of clonidine on inflammatory response in lung injury mice and its possible mechanism.METHODS: Clonidine solution was intravenously injected into the mice with lung injury induced by LPS.The left upper lobe of the lung was collected to detect lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and total lung water content (TLW).The concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured by ELISA.The expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) and high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.After importing α7nAChR siRNA lentiviral vector or injecting exogenous HMGB1 protein, the inflammatory cytokines were detected.RESULTS: Clonidine attenuated lung injury and inhibited inflammatory reaction.Clonidine promoted the activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway by promoting α7nAChR expression.Clonidine inhibited HMGB1 expression, which promoted the secretion of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α.HMGB1 was negatively regulated by α7nAChR.CONCLUSION: Clonidine functions as an anti-inflammatory reagent to the lung injury mice.The mechanism may be related to activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and inhibiting the expression of HMGB1.

At the moment of its WTO accession, China also enters the stage of mass higher education. Mass higher education is an objective inevitability of the economic and social development. China's mass higher education lays a firm foundation for China to join the WTO and the WTO entry in turn brings considerable opportunities to it. It is expected that the WTO entry will promote the process of mass higher education of China.

Purpose To investigate the correlation of the expression of Cyclin D1 and BRAF ( V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma ( PTC) and their clinical significance, and to analyze their role in the pathogenesis of PTC. Methods The expression of CK34βE12 and MC protein was detected by immunohistochemical EnVision method in 52 cases of PTC and 52 cases of thyroid benign lesions (25 cases of nodular goiters, 15 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 12 cases of follicular adenoma), and the mutation status of BRAF gene protein in above specimens were detected by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. Expression of Cyclin D1 and BRAF (V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their correlation clinicopathologic features were also analyzed. Results The positive rate of Cyclin D1 in 88 cases of PTC was 84. 6%,and the immunoreactivity score (4. 6 ± 2. 4), compared with thyroid be-nign lesions (1. 3 ± 1. 6), was statistically significant difference (t=8. 525, P<0. 01). Expression of Cyclin D1 was closely related with lymph node metastasis, capsular invasion, tumor stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ and BRAF (V600E) mutation (P<0. 05), but not related with age, gender, number and diameter of tumor nodules. In 52 cases of PTC BRAF gene mutation rate was 63. 5%, but in thyroid benign lesions mutation rate was 0, with significant difference (P<0. 01). The BRAF mutation is closely related with lymph node metastasis, capsular invasion and tumor stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ(P<0. 05), but not related with age, gender, number and diameter of tumor nodules. The expression of Cyclin D1 in BRAF (V600E) mutation group was stronger, the positive expression rate was significantly higher than that of wild group (100% vs 57. 9%), and expression of the mean score was higher than that of the wild group (5. 7 ± 1. 6 vs 4. 0 ± 2. 5);the comparison between the two groups showed statistical difference (t=2. 652, P<0. 05). Conclusions The expression of Cyclin D1 and BRAF (V600E) mutation are positively related, which are also closely related with the occurrence and development of PTC, and can be used as an index to predict the invasion and metastasis in PTC.

Ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) was done on 103 hypertensive patients according to clinical stages and left ventricular measure (LVM) was randomly done on a portion of the patients. The results showed that the variability of stage-Ⅱ-group's 24 hour systolic pressure and stage-Ⅲ-group's systolic and diastolic pressures was significantly higher than that of stage-Ⅰ-group (P

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after cerebral infarction. Methods The clinical and neuroimaging data of 100 patients (gender,age-matched)with cerebral infarction and hemorrhagic transformation from January 2005 to January 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. The following factors were listed for single factor analysis: the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus,admission blood pressure,blood sugar,infarction size,alcohol,smoking,atrial fibrillation,hypercholesterolemia, combined anticoagulant and antiplatelet aggregation therapy. All the above factors were analyzed by chi-square test or t test, and Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the related risk factors of HT from the potentially related factors. Results Atrial fibrillation (OR =5.483,95%CI:fibrillation,extensive cerebral infarction,blood sugar,high blood pressure at the beginning of the disease,combined anticoagulant and antiplatelet aggregation therapy are the major risk factors of HT. At the same time, the occurrence of HT is the result of the joint effect of multiple factors and multiple mechanisms.

The development of gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery in China is changing during the past decade.The Chinese laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery study (CLASS) group as the earliest and most closely cooperated organization for surgical clinical researches,under the support of Chinese Medical Association,Chinese Anti-cancer Association and Chinese Medical Doctor Association,the clinical research capacity and minimally invasive technology of the CLASS group continue to be developed.With the launch of the prospective,randomized,controlled CLASS-01 trial for the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer in 2012 and the publication of safety results of laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer in 2016,the international academic community is increasingly focusing its attention on China.This article attempts to review the history and development of the CLASS group in the past 7 years,aiming to prospect the future and attempt to create trends.

Objective To determine the content of Ginsenoside Rb1 by RP-HPLC. Methods HPLC was employed with a column of Diamonsil ODS-C18 and a mobile phase of Acetonitrile-H2O (29∶71), the detection wavelength at 203 nm and the column temperature at 25 ℃. Results The linear correlation is available between 0.776 and 7.760 ?g/mL of Ginsenoside Rb1, and the correlation coefficient was 0.999 99, the average recovery was 99.69% and RSD was 2.04% (n=6). Conclusion The method is simple and accurate, and applicable to control the quality of Chanshu Granule.

Objective To comparative analysis the effect of radiotherapy,thermoradiotherapy and chemora-diotherapy on esophageal cancer.Methods 120 patients with esophageal carcinoma were selected and randomly divided into the radiotherapy group,thermoradiotherapy groupand chemoradiotherapy group by digital table method, with 40 cases in each group,which were treated with radiotherapy alone,thermoradiotherapy alone and radiotherapy combine with chemotherapy respectively.The effects of treatment of the three groups were compared.Results The main toxic reaction in the three groups during the treatment for adverse reaction were digestive system reaction,hema-tologic toxicities and radioactive esophagitis.The incidence of toxic reaction of the three groups were not statistically significant(P >0.05).Total response rate of simple radiotherapy group,the thermal radiation group,chemoradiothera-py group were 52.5%,75.0% and 85.0%.,The total remission rate of chemotherapy group was higher than those of the radiotherapy group and the thermal radiation group(χ2 =5.218,3.857,all P <0.05).Conclusion The different treatment methods of esophageal cancer can obtain certain curative effect,but there are some adverse reactions.Among different treatment methods,radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma can get better effect than the radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy.