ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolterodine tartrate in treating patients with early overactive bladder(OAB) symptoms after transurethral resection prostate (TURP).Methods Thirty-one patients who received TURP and were found OAB at recent follow-up were enrolled and divided by random digits table method into study group ( 16 cases) and control group ( 15 cases).The patients in study group were treated with 2 mg tolterodine tartrate twice a day for four weeks,while the changes of OAB in control group were observed.The OAB symptoms score (OABSS),maximum flow rate(Qmax),24 h urination and adverse reactions during the period of medication of two groups before and after treatment were recorded and observed.Results The second evaluation,all the indexes except Qmax in study group improved significantly compared with those of the first evaluation in study group and control group the second evaluation.The indexes included urination times[(6.8 ± 1.0) times vs.( 12.5 ± 1.5) times,(11.8 ± 1.2)times],urgency times[(1.4 ± 1.1) times vs.(4.1 ±2.2) times,(4.1 ±2.3) times],urine volume [(214 ±36) ml vs.( 177 ± 46) ml,( 178 ± 44) ml ],nocturia times [ ( 1.9 ± 0.7) times vs.(2.9 ± 1.3 ) times,(2.8 ±1.4) times ],urge incontinence times [ (0.6 ± 0.5 ) times vs.( 1.6 ± 1.0) times,( 1.5 ± 1.0) times ].OABSS in study group the second evaluation was significantly lower than that in the first evaluation in study group and the second evaluation in control group [ (3.6 ± 1.8 ) scores vs.( 7.6 ± 3.3 ) scores,(7.4 ± 3.2) scores,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ].There was no statistical significance in all the indexes in control group between the first evaluation and the second evaluation (P ＞ 0.05).There were 2 cases with adverse reactions which performed as dry mouth which could be tolerant.ConclusionTolterodine tartrate is efficient and safe in treating patients with early OAB symptoms after TURP.

Objective To explore the posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms, coping styles and security sense of witnessed college students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 800 freshmen and sophomores students from a medical university in Guangzhou. The participants were asked to fill posttraumatic stress disorder self-rating scale (PTSD-SS) ,simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ) and security questionnaire(SQ). Results 155 college students had witnessed injury and the ratio was 20.5% ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared to the students who hadn't witnessed experience, the witnessed college students had less security( 50.78± 5.63 vs 52.01 ± 5.19 ), less active coping styles ( 34.94 ± 5.42 vs 35.88 ± 5.45 ) and less sense of control (25.07 ±4.25 vs 26.11 ±3.71 ) ,and they had got a higher score in PTSD symptoms and negative coping styles.Apart from the interpersonal sense of security,the other differences were significant between the two groups ( P＜0.05 ); the scores of PTSD symptoms had significant correlation with the total and subscales of coping styles and sense of control (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion The witnessed college students have severer PTSD symptoms and less security,and tend to take negative coping styles.

Objective To explore the efficacy of tepronone and folic acid in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) evaluated by the marking targeting biopsy (MTB).Methods A total of 224 H.pylori negative CAG patients were selected and divided into group A (n 96,tepronone 50 mg/time,folic acid 10 mg/time,three times/day),group B (n=23,tepronone 50 mg/time,three times/day),group C (n=74,unspecific treatment) and group D (n=31,no treatment).The treatment course lasted for one year.The clinical symptoms improvement of each group was observed before and after treatment.The pathological improvement of gastric mucosa by MTB was inspected before and after treatment.The chi square test was performed for the comparison between groups.Results The total efficacy rates of group A,B,C and D were 43.8％ (42/96),39.1％ (9/23),33.8％(25/74) and 32.3％ (10/31) respectively,there was no significant difference between groups (x2 =2.328,P =0.507).For the significant efficacy rate of gastric mucosa pathological improvement,group A was compared with group D,group A was compared with group C and group B was comparedwith group D,the differences were significant (x2 =14.520,14.628 and 8.995,all P＜0.01).In the total efficacy rate of gastric mucosa pathological improvement,group A (49.8％,131/263) was compared with group D (24.2％,16/66),group A was compared with group C (35.9％,66/184)and group B (44.7％,21/47) was compared with group D,the differences were significant (x2 =13.953,8.535 and 5.207,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Teprenone alone or teprenone and folic acid combination can obviously improve pathological changes of CAG patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of congenital ptosis on refractive power of the corneal surface.Methods Forty-five patients (90 eyes) with congenital ptosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were examined from October 2013 to June 2015.Corneal topographic analysis was performed in both the ptosis and the normal eyes.The comparison between the ptotic eye and the normal eye was done according to the topographic results.Results Among 90 eyes,55 were ptotic and 35 were normal.Amblyopia was detected in 21 ptotic eyes (38.2％).No correlation was found between amblyopia and the severity of ptosis (x 2=2.617,P＞0.05).Ptotic eye showed an asymmetrical bow tie pattern (23 eyes) and an irregular pattern (32 eyes) on corneal photography and the maximum refractive power occurred at the inferior quadrant of the corneal horizontal axis.Difference value of the average refractive power of the cornea between lower side and upper side in ptotic eyes was higher than that of the normal eyes at 5mm and 7mm diameter areas (P＜0.01) except for 3mm diameter area (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Congenital ptosis may lead to the change of refractive power of the local corneal surface.Amblyopia has no correlation with the severity of ptosis.

Objective Methodsof meta-analysis was used to investigate the clinical characteristics, related factors of ocular diseases caused by Tamoxifen.MethodsThe literature and key words in the literature search strategy were used to search the literatures related to the toxicity of tamoxifen in the treatment of breast cancer from 1980 to 2016.Refer to the literature, and extract the data information, use revman 5.1.7 statistical analysis.Results Tamoxifen was taken after t unilateral breast cancer resection by the patient,a sharp decline in visual acuity was found at the third month of taking Tamoxifen, and then the hospital diagnosed it was neuropapillitis.The analysis results show that the ocular toxicity of Tamoxifen was generally appeared after taking 1month to 100months.The most common eye diseases that result in Tamoxifen were macular edema and macular crystallization, although the cure rate was high, but if not treated ocular disease in time, blindness rate was high too.Ocular toxicity may be positive correlated with the cumulative dose of Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen concentration.The incidence rate may also positive correlated with age.Adverse reactions may be related to the metabolic rate, eye disease history and so on.Conclusion The clinical treatment of breast cancer treated with Tamoxifen, should pay attention to the ocular toxicity, replace drugs timely when there is any ADR that could not be tolerate.

Pituitary tumors are clinically common neoplasms involved in the central nervous system. The endoscopic endonasal approach is a safe and feasible technique for managing pituitary tumors. Endoscopic technology has been increasingly used in clinical practice because it results in limited nasal injury, decreased operating time and postoperative complications, and quick postoperative re-covery. This study aims to evaluate the advantages and effectiveness of the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach for the re-moval of pituitary tumors. This approach should be further modified and optimized in clinical trials and practices.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of rosuvastatin on blood lipid and thyroid nodules in elderly pa-tients with dyslipidemia. METHODS:70 elderly patients with dyslipidemia were selected and randomly divided into control group (33 cases) and treatment group (37 cases). Control group was treated with routine treatment as abstain from tobacco and drink, low fat diet,Aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg at bed time;treatment group was additionally treated with Rosuvastatin calcium tablet 10 mg at bed time,on the basis of control group. Both groups received the treatment for consecutive 12 weeks. BMI,blood lipid and the size of thyroid nodules were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment,and the occurrence of ADR was also observed. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in BMI between 2 groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in blood lipid level and the size of thyroid nodules between 2 groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). The blood lipid level and the size of thyroid nodule of 2 groups were improved significantly after treatment,and the treatment group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). 2 pationts of creatment suf-fered from the increase of ALT but recovered withont angtreatment. CONCLUSIONS:Rosuvastatin can significantly improve blood lipid and decrease thyroid nodules in elderly patients with dyslipidemia with good safety.

Aim To investigate the effect of plumbagin on invasion and apoptosis of human hepatocellular car-cinoma ( HepG2 ) . Methods HepG2 cells were cul-tured in vitro with different concentrations of plumba-gin, then cell proliferation was observed by MTT as-say; cell invasion was observed by transwell invasion assay; cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2 was detected by immunocytochemistry. Results MTT results showed that plumbagin could significantly inhibit cell proliferation compared with the control group, and in a dose-dependent manner ( P <0. 05 ) . Transwell inva-sion assay showed that cell invasion was significantly decreased with increasing concentrations of plumbagin ( P < 0. 01 ) . Flow cytometry showed that apoptosis rate was significantly higher in 4 , 8 μmol · L-1 group of plumbagin compared with that of the control group ( P<0. 01 ) . Immunocytochemistry showed that, with the increasing concentration of plumbagin, Bax protein expression increased, Bcl-2 protein expression was de-creased, both in a dose-dependent manner ( P <0. 01 ) . Conclusion Plumbagin can inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation and accelerate apoptosis of HepG2 cells, but also has the ability to inhibit HepG2 cell in-vasion.
( P < 0. 01 ) . Flow cytometry showed that apoptosis rate was significantly higher in 4 , 8 μmol · L-1 group of plumbagin compared with that of the control group ( P<0. 01 ) . Immunocytochemistry showed that, with the increasing concentration of plumbagin, Bax protein expression increased, Bcl-2 protein expression was de-creased, both in a dose-dependent manner ( P <0. 01 ) . Conclusion Plumbagin can inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation and accelerate apoptosis of HepG2 cells, but also has the ability to inhibit HepG2 cell in-vasion.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC fingerprint for Anemone raddeana. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phemomenex Gemini C18 with mobile phase of 0.1%phosphoric acid-acetonitrile(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 206 nm,the column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 20μl. With the refer-ence of raddeanin A,13 batches of A. raddeana were analyzed,chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system software was conducted for similarity analysis,and SPSS 13.0 was conducted for cluster analysis. RESULTS:There were 11 common peaks in the 13 batches of A. raddeana with similarity of higher than 0.90. According to the verification,the fingerprint and control fin-gerprint shows good consistency. The drugs in Huadian,Jiaohe, Tiangang,Shulan,Tonghua and Fusong of Jilin and Shangzhi of Heilongjiang were regarded as category 1,and in Harbin,Yabuli town and Yimianpo of Heilongjiang,Qingyuan of Liaoning,Ji-nan of Shandong were category 2. CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for the identification and quality evaluation of A. raddeana.