Since the release rate of protein in hydrogels is directly dependent upon the size of the protein and the hydrogel, how to deliver low molecular weight protein for prolonged periods has always been a problem. In this article, we present a usage of self-assembling peptide (P3) with the RGD epitope on its N terminus. The concentration of the released insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy and the release kinetics suggested a notable reduction of the IGF-1 release rate. Cell entrapment experiments revealed that IGF-1 delivery by biotinylated nanofibers could promote the proliferation of the mouse chondrogenic ATDC5 cells when compared with cells embedded within nanofibers with untethered IGF-1.
Animals ; Biotin ; Cell Line ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Hydrogels ; chemistry ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Nanofibers ; Oligopeptides ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the teaching effect of the PCMC-type (problem-originated clinical medical curriculum) pathology experiment course and clinical pathological conference (CPC) by using microscope digital system.Methods 384 undergraduates of second grade in clinical medicine major and imaging diagnosis major were chosen for the teaching reform project,all of whom were divided into experimental group (192) and control group (192),randomly,and they were taught by PCMC pathological experiment teaching and the traditional pathological experiment teaching separately.After the curriculum,statistic analysis of test score was used to analyze the teaching effect.SPSS 13.0 software diagram method was used to perform Levene variance analysis and t test to the achievement of two groups of students and the students' ability of self evaluation was investigated through questionnaire.Results The average score of the students in the experimental group (86.16 ± 3.28) in the theory exam was significantly higher than that of control group (75.63 ± 2.24) (P=0.000).And the average score of the students in the experimental group in experiment (27.10 ± 0.61) was significantly higher than that in control group (19.87 ± 0.25) (P=0.000).The questionnaire showed that compared with control group,the comprehensive ability of the students in the experimental group was obviously enhanced.Conclusion The PCMC pathology teaching is beneficial to improving the students' ability of linking theory with practice and enhancing their ability to analyze and solve problems,and obviously stimulate their interest in learning.It is worth promoting.

Haemophilia is caused by lack of coagulation factor VIII or IX in patients′blood with inadequate hemostasis.Currently recombinant coagulation factor VII(rFVII)produced in different cells is used against clini-cal bleeding of haemophilia patients.To enhance the production and activity of rFVII;some eukaryotic cells such as baby hamster kidney(BHK);Chinese hamster ovary(CHO);insect cell and fish embryo;were used to express rFVII.Meanwhile;the effect of functional gene on the activity of rFVII and the limitation of rFVII production caused by post-translational modification were investigated by different methods.The role of rFVII in hemostasis;synthesis of rFVII in different eukaryotic cells and impact on production of post-translational modification are reviewed in this article.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the late-phase enhancement of carotid artery in patients with cerebral infarction by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.MethodsSixty-eight patients whose bilateral carotid artery plaques were both wider than 1.5 mm with treatment in Zhejiang Provincial People?s Hospital from April to July in 2013 were enrolled in this study. Among the enrolled patients, there are 50 patients with cerebral infarction including 30 patients with unilateral cerebral infarction and 20 patients with bilateral cerebral infarction, and 18 patients without cerebral infarction. The enrolled patients underwent conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. The time-intension curve was obtained till 6 minutes after the injection of contrast agent. The late-phase enhancement intensity and relative intensity of maximal carotid plaque was measured and calculated. The differences of late-phase enhancement intensity and relative intensity between patients with cerebral infarction and patients without cerebral infarction, and between ipsilateral and contralateral side of cerebral infarction in patients with cerebral infarction were compared using two samplet test.ResultsThe late-phase enhancement intensity of carotid plaque in patients with cerebral infarction and in patients without cerebral infarction was (6.0±1.5) and (4.9±1.2) dB, respectively, and the relative late-phase enhancement intensity of carotid plaque was 0.9±0.2 and 0.8±0.2, respectively. The late-phase enhancement intensity and the relative intensity of carotid plaque was higher in patients with cerebral infarction compared with patients without cerebral infarction, and the differences had statistical significance (value oft was 2.132 and 2.258 respectively, value ofP were both less than 0.05). The late-phase enhancement intensity of carotid plaque in ipsilateral and contralateral side of cerebral infarction was (7.1±1.8) and (4.9±1.2) dB, respectively, and the relative late-phase enhancement intensity of carotid plaque was 1.2±0.3 and 0.8±0.2, respectively. The late-phase enhancement intensity and the relative intensity of carotid plaque was higher in ipsilateral side of cerebral infarction compared with contralateral side of cerebral infarction in patients with cerebral infarction, and the differences had statistical signiifcance (value oft was 3.132 and 2.953 respectively, value ofP were both less than 0.01).ConclusionThe late-phase enhancement of carotid plaque in patients with cerebral infarction is significantly different from that in patients without cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the epidemiology and genotypes of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) that caused community-onset bloodstream infections (COBSI) in 9 county hospitals of Zhejiang Province.Methods This is a multi-center, prospective, observational study.The cases and isolates with COBSI caused by EC and KP were consecutively collected from 9 county hospitals in Zhejiang Province between 1st March 2014 and 30th April 2015.The double disk diffusion method was used to confirm the production of ESBL.The ESBL genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification and sequence analysis.Multi-locus Sequence Typing (MLST) was used to analyze the homology of ESBL-producing isolates.Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of frequently used drugs for ESBL-producing isolates was determined by in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Results During the study period, a total of 172 cases with COBSI were collected and 171 cases were eligible, among which 126 were caused by EC and 45 were caused by KP.The overall prevalence of ESBL was 34.5% (59/171),and the prevalence of ESBL-EC and-KP was 41.3% (52/126) and 15.6% (7/45), respectively.CTX-M-type ESBL accounted for 96.6% (57/59) of all the ESBLs-producing isolates, and the most common type was CTX-M-14 (27.1%, 16/59), followed by CTX-M-55 (22%, 13/59).MLST analyses revealed significant genetic diversity among ESBL-EC and-KP.The most prevalent ST of ESBL-EC was ST131 (23.1%).In addition to carbapenems, cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, moxalactam, amikacin and fosfomycin also showed good in-vitro activity against ESBL-EC and-KP.Conclusions The prevalence of ESBL in EC and KP is high in 9 county hospitals of Zhejiang Province, and the most common genotypes are CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-55.The detection rate of ESBL in EC is higher than in KP.It could be considered adequate empirical therapy according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Carbapenems, cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, moxalactam, amikacin and fosfomycin have good in-vitro activity against ESBL-EC and-KP.

Objective To investigate the effect of bed rest on acute nonspecific low back pain(ANLBP).Methods87 cases were randomly divided into bed rest group (42 cases) and free activity group (45 cases).The bed rest group would be proper activity indoor and step up activity outdoor after absolute in bed for a week.The free activity group would be prescribed free activity.At the same time,all of them received physiotherapy and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).The visual analogous scale (VAS) were measured before and 2 weeks after treatment.The Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ) were measured before and 2,6 weeks after treatment.ResultsThe difference of VAS and RMDQ scores between these 2 groups were not significant before treatment (P>0.05),but were significant 2 weeks after treatment(P<0.05).Further more,the difference of RMDQ scores between these 2 groups were not significant 6 weeks after treatment (P>0.05).ConclusionThe bed rest about patients could not promote,but delay the improvement of the pain and disability in the early period or later period recovery of ANLBP.

Objective To analyze the colistin heteroresistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and their in vitro susceptibility to antibiotics used in combination.Methods Two hundred and ninety-seven carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were selected for this study.Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of colistin and other antimicrobials against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.The colistin heterogeneity of 20 colistin sensitive strains was analyzed by using population analysis profiles.The time-kill curves of 3 randomly selected colistin heteroresistant strains were used to determine the bacteriostatic activity of colistin.Chequer-board method was used to measure the combination efficacy of colistin with other antimicrobials including imipenem,meropenem,biapenem,ceftazidime,levofloxcin,piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam.Results The colistin sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains accounted for 99.66％ of the 297 isolates.Population analysis profiles displayed that 35％ of the 20 isolates were colistin heteroresistant and 20％ of the 20 isolates were heterogeneous.It showed that when colistin was used in combination with other drugs,they mainly had synergistic and additive effects on heteroresistant isolates,but additive and indifferent effects on non-heterogeneous isolates.Conclusion Multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were highly susceptible to colistin,but heteroresistant and heterogeneous strains were common.The efficacy of colistin against heteroresistant isolates could be enhanced by using in combination with other drugs.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae car-bapenemase(KPC)-producing Escherichia coli(E. coli)strains isolated in Hangzhou,China. Methods A total of 25 KPC-producing Escherichia coli strains were collected from four hospitals in Hangzhou from July 2012 to January 2014. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates to 22 common antimicrobial agents was deter-mined by using Kirby-Bauer(K-B)disk diffusion method. PCR analysis and gene sequencing were used for bla KPC gene screening. The modified Hodge test was performed to detect the production of carbapenemase. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)and multi-locus sequence typing(MLST)were used for homology analysis. Results All of the 25 clinical isolates were confirmed to be KPC-producing E. coli strains,harbo-ring the blaKPC-2 gene. These KPC-producing isolates showed high drug resistance rates and were resistant to almost all β-lactam antibiotics. PFGE typing classified the 25 isolates into three main homologous clone groups,including clone group A(4 isolates),clone group B(5 isolates)and clone group C(2 isolates), and some single clones(14 isolates). MLST typing classified the isolates into eight ST types,including ST131(14 isolates),ST167(3 isolates),ST2003(3 isolates),ST410(1 isolate),ST457(1 isolate), ST1463(1 isolate),STnew1(1 isolate)and STnew2(1 isolate). The typing results of PFGE and MLST were consistent with each other. Conclusion The prevalent KPC-producing E. coli strains in Hangzhou, China were ST131 type,which were resistant to multiple antibiotics and had been detected in several hospi-tals. The epidemic of KPC-producing E. coli strain often occurred at some special wards,such as Intensive Care Unit(ICU)and emergency ICU.

Objective To investigate the mechanism and epidemiological characteristics of carbap-enem-resistant Proteus mirabilis ( PM) strains deficient in swarming motility. Methods PM strains were isolated from Hangzhou General Hospital of CAPF ( Chinese People′s Armed Police Forces) during January 2013 to December 2014. Bacterial motility and flagella of the PM strains were observed through semi-solid agar culture and flagella staining. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ( PFGE) was performed for homology anal-ysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility test and phenotypic confirmatory test were also carried out. PCR analysis and DNA sequencing were performed to confirm the genotype of resistant genes. Plasmid electroporation and S1-PFGE in combination with Southern blot hybridization were used to determine the location of the carbap-enem-resistant genes. Genetic structure of the blaKPC-2 gene was obtained by PCR mapping. Results A total of 42 PM isolates deficient in swarming motility were screened out and the resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem were 57. 1% and 52. 4%, respectively. PCR analysis and DNA sequencing confirmed that 24 carbapenem-resistant PM isolates deficient in swarming motility carried blaKPC-2 gene and belonged to three clones as indicated by the results of PFGE. Southern blot hybridization indicated that the blaKPC-2 gene was located on plasmids varying in size (26 kb, 55 kb and 139 kb). In addition, some of the strains harbored several resistant genes, such as blaTEM-1 , blaCTX-M-65 and rmtB. The genetic structures of strains carrying blaKPC-2 gene were ISKpn8, blaKPC-2 and ISKpn6-like from upstream to downstream. Conclusion Compared with the PM strains with swarming motility, the carbapenem-resistance rate was significantly higher in these PM strains deficient in swarming motility. Carbapenemases KPC-2 played an important role in the carbapen-em-resistant PM strains deficient in swarming motility. There was a cloning spread trend for carbapenem-re-sistant PM strains in our hospital. Clinicians should pay more attention to the risk of spreading.

Medical ethics is an important constitutes of medicine project. The medical ethics of military has its particularity and realism meaning. Combined with the spirit of anti-SARS and the actuality of military medicine ethnics,we must adopt some availability measure to promote the education of military medicine ethnics.