Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on renal function in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods Fifty patients with rheumatic heart disease were randomly divided into the dexmedetomidine group (group D,n=25) and control group (group C,n=25).Arterial blood samples were collected before operation (T0),at postoperative 24 h (T1),48 h (T2),72 h (T3) and 96 h (T4) respectively.Serum Crea,blood urea nitrogen,cystatin C(Cys-C) and glomerular filtration rate(GFR) were detected by the Hitachi7600 automatic biochemical analyzer.Results Compared with T0,the levels of BUN and Cys-C at postoperative various time points were significant increased,while GFR was decreased,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of BUN and Cys-C started to gradually decrease and GFR started to increase from T2,the difference compared with that at T0 was statistically significant(P<0.05).But the levels of various indicators at T4 did not recovered to those before operation;compared with T0,serum Crea level had no statistical difference among postoperative various time points(P>0.05).Serum Crea level at T2-T4 in the group D was significantly lower than that at T0,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in Crea,BUN,Cys-C and GFR between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can promote the recovery of postoperative renal function in the patients with cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass and has a certain protective effect on kidney.

Objective To investigate the effects of body-weight support treadmill training(BWSTT) on function of lower limbs.Methods 46 hemiplegic patients after stroke were randomly divided into the therapy group(n=23) and control group(n=23).The subjects of both groups were administered with standardized rehabilitation program.The therapy group was also given BWSTT in addition.Both groups were evaluated before and after treatment using Functional Ambulation Category(FAC),Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Berg Balance Scale(BBS).Results Before treatment,there was no significant difference between these 2 groups in terms of scores with FAC,FMA and BBS.After treatment,both groups were significantly improved regard to their scores with FAC,FMA and BBS(P<0.01),with the therapy group scored significantly better than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion BWSTT can significantly improve walk ability and balance function of the hemiplegic patients after stroke.

Objectives To analyze the incidence of cranial nerve injury in patients after receiving carotid endarterectomy ( CEA) in a single-center and to investigate its correlation with surgical experiences. Methods The clinical data of patients underwent CEA at Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January. 2001 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Cranial nerve injury was assessed at day 7 after procedure according to the clinical symptoms,and they were followed up at 1,3,6, and 12 months. The incidence of permanent cranial nerve injury was evaluated. The incidences of permanent cranial nerve injury were further analyzed at two time periods ( from January 2001 to September 2011 and from October 2011 to December 2013 ) . Results ( 1 ) A total of 598 consecutive patients treated with CEA were enrolled,and 15 (2. 5%) of them had cranial nerve injury,including 2 (0. 3%) facial nerve injury,7 (1. 2%) hypoglossal nerve injury,and 6 (1. 0%) vagus nerve injury. Only 1 case (0. 2%) did not recover completely at 6 months after procedure. ( 2 ) The patients with cranial nerve injury were 10 (3. 2%,10/308) and 5 (1. 7%,5/290) respectively from January 2001 to September 2011 and from October 2011 to December 2013). There was no significant difference (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The incidence of cranial nerve injury was low after CEA,and most patients could recover completely. The increased surgical experiences did not show the reduction of cranial nerve injury rate evidently after CEA.

Objective ToestimatetheprevalenceofPanton-Valentineleukocidin (PVL)genes and antimicrobial resistance in methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)isolateds from outpatients with skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs)in Wuhan city. Methods A total of 182 MSSA isolates were collected from outpatients with SSTIs in 5 different hospitals in Wuhan city between 2011 and 2013. The Kirby-Bauer′s disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility of the MSSA isolates, and multiplex PCR was performed to detect mecA and PVL genes in these isolates. Results Of the 182 MSSA isolates, 65 (35.71%)carried PVL genes. The positive rate of PVL genes was significantly different among patients with different diseases (χ2 = 49.76, P = 0.00), and relatively higher in patients with furuncles/carbuncles(7/7), folliculitis(3/3), abscesses(55.53%, 30/57)or impetigo(2/4). The age of patients with PVL-positive MSSA infection was significantly younger than that with PVL-negative MSSA infection (35.40 ± 19.31 years vs. 43.21 ± 20.75 years,t = 2.50, P = 0.01). Among 65 PVL-positive MSSA isolates, the rate of resistance to clindamycin was highest (87.69%), followed by that to penicillin(53.85%)and erythromycin(41.54%). The frequency of resistance to clindamycin was highest in 117 PVL-negative MSSA isolates, followed by that to penicillin (20.51%)and ampicillin (12.82%). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the rate of resistance to penicillin(χ2 = 21.19), ampicillin(χ2 = 97.97), doxycycline(χ2 =11.61), ciprofloxacin(χ 2 = 8.07), erythromycin(χ 2 = 25.04)and gentamicin(χ 2 = 10.86)in PVL-positive MSSA isolates compared with PVL-negative MSSA isolates (all P < 0.05). Conclusions MSSA isolates from outpatients with SSTIs in Wuhan city are resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics. Flucloxacillin, compound sulfamethoxazole tablets or doxycycline is recommended for empirical treatment of PVL-positive MSSA infections.

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a reliable, innocuous and sensitive new index to measure cardiac autonomic nervous function. Anxiety disorder is often accompanied by autonomic nerve dysfunction and its main sign is abnormal HRV. Acupuncture can affect HRV indices, correct abnormal HRV and improve cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction to relieve anxiety. This article sorts out and analyzes recent years’ studies on abnormal HRV in anxiety disorder, the effect of acupuncture on HRV and acupuncture regulation of abnormal HRV in anxiety disorder to provide a therapeutic basis for clinical acupuncture intervention in abnormal HRV in anxiety disorder.

The herbal volatile oil and aromatic herbs are traditional Chinese medicine which have some unique characteristics of volatility, special smell, complicated chemical constituents and the water insoluble property. The aromatic herbs from different sources have biodiversity effects on the cardiovascular, central nervous, respiratory and gastrointestinal system. They also play important roles in antibiosis, anti-inflammation, anticancer, antivirus and absorption enhancement, etc. In recent years, the herbal volatile oil and aromatic herbs have been widely reported to show broad prospect in medicinal application. In order to support various developmental works, the latest research results on herbal volatile oil and aromatic herbs are reviewed in this article in respect of chemical constituents, pharmacological action, and absorption enhancement.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the fiber altering and clinical relationship in patients with occipital and temporal lobe cerebral infarction with DTI.Methods Fifty patients suffering from cerebral stroke were analyzed with conventional MRI,DWI and DTI. The fibers of visual pathway were depicted ,and their fractional anisotropy (FA),apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC),isotropic im-age (Iso)and T2-weighted trace were measured and analyzed.Results Regions of interest (ROIs)were placed in infarction and nor-mal contralateral tissue for tracking the visual pathways.The different parameters were measured.FA is useful to differentiate hy-per-acute stroke from acute and sub-acute stroke.FA values increased slightly in hyper-acute and decreased in acute,sub-acute and chronic phase.The values of ADC in infarction regions in hyper-acute,acute and sub-acute phases were lower than those of the con-tralateral tissue.Iso and T2-weighted trace increased in acute phase and decreased in chronic phase.DTT was used to show the way and chang of visual pathway.Conclusion DTI could track the fiber of visual pathway,and depict the fiber of infarction zone.DTT could be used in evaluating the prognosis of patients.

Objective: To investigate the immunological mechanism of influenza A virus for murine S180 ascites sarcoma. Methods: After inoculation with S180 sarcoma cells, mice were i. p. injected with influenza A virus or vehicle 15 days. The average living time and survival rate of the mice were examined. The levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-? were detected. The sarcoma cell's apoptosis was detected by DNA ladder, flow cytometry (FMC) , fluorescent microscope and e-lectron microscope (EM). Results: The average living time and survival rate of the mice injected with Influenza A virus were significantly longer or higher than that of the controls. The levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-? also had the same differences. The apoptosis cells were detected by EM and fluorescent microscope. Sub-diploid peaks were observed by FCM a-nalysis and DNA ladder was seen after electrophoresis in the ascites cells. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the feasibility and potential of delivery of influenza A virus as a general means for the treatment of S180 ascites sarcoma.

Objective To compare the recurrence rate and survival rate of axillary lymphadenectomy and axillary local radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ breast cancer who were positive for sentinel lymph node biopsy.Methods A retrospective analysis of 137 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ breast cancer who were positive for sentinel lymph node biopsy from January 2010 to July 2015 in Yulin First Hospital was performed.Patients underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) after breast-conserving surgery were assigned to the ALND group (n =92),patients with axillary local radiotherapy (RNI) after breast-conserving surgery were assigned to the RNI group (n =45),and the general clinical characteristics (mean age,menopause,clinical stage,etc.) were compared between the two groups,and prognosis (2-year recurrence rate,distant metastasis rate,cumulative 2-year event-free survival,cumulative 2-year overall survival).Measurement data were expressed as ((x) ± s),and t test was used for comparison between groups;count data was expressed as rate (％),and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.Results There were no statistical differences in general clinical characteristics (mean age,menopausal number,clinical stage,etc.) between the two groups.For patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ sentinel lymph node-positive adenocarcinoma,breast-conserving surgery plus axillary lymph node dissection (ALND group) and breast-conserving 2-year recurrence rate (4.4％,6.7％,P =0.87)and distant metastasis rate (9.7％,15.6％,P =0.48) and cumulative 2 years of surgery plus axillary local radiotherapy (RNI group) There were no statistically significant differences in event-free survival (85.9％,75.6％,P =0.14) and cumulative 2-year overall survival (90.2％,86.7％,P =0.53).Conclusion For patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ sentinel-positive breast cancer,axillary RNI may be a new treatment for ALND.

OBJECTIVETo determine whether the extent of prolongation of the transisthmus interval after ablation predicts complete bidirectional block.

METHODSSince 1996 to 2002, 30 consecutive patients underwent ablation procedures for isthmus-dependent atrial flutter. There were 23 males and 7 females [mean age (47.85 +/- 9.35) years]. With the use of fluoroscopic view of anatomy, radiofrequency ablation was performed during coronary sinus pacing at a cycle length of 600 ms.

RESULTSBidirectional block was achieved with ablation in 29 (97%) of 30 patients. The transisthmus intervals before ablation and after complete transisthmus block were (73.82 +/- 13.01) ms and (140.47 +/- 20.48) ms, respectively, in the clockwise direction (P < 0.0001), and (77.63 +/- 8.36) ms and (138.17 +/- 15.55) ms, respectively, in the counterclockwise direction (P < 0.0001). A period of incomplete isthmus block was observed during 17 (58%) of the 29 ablation procedures. The clockwise transisthmus intervals during incomplete block [(107.65 +/- 21.33) ms] were (45.5 +/- 8.7)% longer than the baseline transisthmus intervals. An increase in the transisthmus interval by > or = 50% in both directions after ablation predicted complete bidirectional block with 100.0% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. The positive and negative predictive values were 90.6% and 100.0%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of a > or = 50% prolongation in the transisthmus interval was 83.3%.

CONCLUSIONThe analysis of transisthmus interval is a valuable method for determining complete bidirectional isthmus block.