Probiotics as intestinal flora regulators are increasingly applied in clinical practice;however,the administration of probiotics in immunocompromised individuals is rarely reported.This article is aimed to review the benefits and risks of probiotics in immunocompromised individuals,such as HIV-infected individuals and patients with malignant tumors.The research evidence shows that probiotics can reduce the occurrence of different types of diarrhea,regulate the intestinal immune status and decrease the incidence of complications in immunocompromised patients.Randomized controlled clinical trials have shown that the risk of adverse events is not significantly increased in immunocompromised patients compared to those with intact immune status and the probiotics-related infections are only presented in case reports.

Objective:To share a drug treatment experience for multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the pharmaceutical care participated by clinical pharmacist for one case of intervertebral space infection with multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out.Results:Pharmacists participated in the whole treatment process,made the combined antimicrobial regimen (fosfomycin + ceftazidime + ciprofloxacin),and adjusted the time sequence.As a result,satisfactory curative effect was obtained.Conclusion:The infection with multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be treated with the three-drug therapy.Clinical pharmacists can play a positive role in the treatment of complicated infections.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injections combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children bronchial pneumonia. Methods:Totally 56 cases of pediatric bronchial pneumonia were selected in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2013 and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 28 cases in each. The control group was with azithromycin treatment, and the observation group was with Tanreqing injections additionally. The effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were studied and compared. Results:In the observation group, the effective rate was 92. 9%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0. 05). The hospitalization time and the symptoms disappearance time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The adverse reactions showed no significant difference be-tween the two groups. Conclusion:Tanreqing injections in the treatment of children bronchial pneumonia is rapid, effective and safe.

Objective To establish the qualitative and quantitative detective methods of Fuyang granules.Methods The TLC methods for identification of Fructus kochiae and Herba solani lyrati were established.A simple HPLC was established for the determination of hydroxysafflor A(HYSA).The mobile phase was methanol-acetonitrile-0.7% phosphoric acid(24:6:70).UV detecting wavelength was at 403 nm.Results Fructus kochiae and Herba solani lyrati could be identified by TLC.HYSA showed a linear relationship at the concentration range of 0.128～1.024 ?g,r =0.999 8.The average recovery was 99.52% and RSD= 1.97%(n = 5).Conclusion The method can be used for qualitative identification and quantization determination of Fuyang granules.

Objective To investigate the anticancer efficacy of dihydromyricetin (DMY)in gastric cancer cells SGC7901. Methods The DMY was puritied using RP-HPLC was almost 98%.The cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 Assay.The cell ap-optosis was assessed by flow cytometry.Using ultrasonic extraction with neutral water and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography,DMY was purified from rattan tea.Results By using RP-HPLC,the purified DMY is almost 99%.DMY inhibi-ted the growth of tumor cells in the low concentration(≤ 1 mmol)with a dose-dependent manner(P <0.05 ).Further study on DMY showed that it induced apoptosis in SGC7901 cell line with a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion DMY is a potential thera-peutic agent for gastric cancer.

As an important component of multi-physiological-parameter tele-monitoring system, database system is characterized by its large capacity, complex data type and being realtime. According to the design flow of the database, this paper develops a multi-physiological parameter network database with EER concept model and distributed database technology.

Objective To study the protective effects of nitroxides against hu man keratinocytes oxidative damage induced by H2O2 and its possible mechanisms. Methods Normal human keratinocyte cultures obtained from foreskin were served as test-system. Human keratinocytes were cultured in human keratinocytes growth m edia (KGM) without serum and supplemented with 0.1 mmol/L Ca2+. Experiments wer e performed in culture when the cells grew to fuse. Oxidative damage was induced by adding H2O2 directly to the culture media at different concentrations in the present and absence of nitroxides [(2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMPO) a nd 4-hydroxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMPOL)]. The cell viability w as monitored and the intracellular level of reduced glutathione (GSH), the activ ities of glutathione-peroxidase(GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catal ase were evaluated. Results ①H2O2 could cause damage to human keratinocytes dir ectly. There was a significantly negative correlation between H2O2 concentration and cell viability. ②The level of GSH in keratinocytes lowered with treatment of H2O2. The activities of GSH-Px, SOD and catalase decreased. ③Pretreatment o f the cells with TEMPO and TEMPOL inhibited the damaging effects of H2O2 on cell viability and on cell antioxidant enzymatic systems. Conclusion The results of the study suggest that nitroxides may provide protection for cultured human kera tinocytes against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. It is proposed that the effec ts of nitroxides against cell oxidative damage be related to their protection of cellular enzymatic activities and maintaining cellular antioxidant systems.

Objective To generate a prokaryotic expression system of Salmonella paratyphi A nmpC gene that encoding an outer membrane protein(OMP),and to determine immunogenicity and immonuprotection of the recombinant expressed product rNmpC and carrying and expression frequencies of the nmpC genes in isolates of S.paratyphi A.Methods A nmpC gene clone was obtained from a clinical S.paratyphi A strain JH01 by PCR and T-A cloning method,and then a prokaryotic expression system of the gene clone was generated.SDS-PAGE and Bio-Rad Agarose Image Pattern Analysis System were applied to examine the expression and yield of rNmpC.Antigenicity and immunoreactivity of rNmpC were determined by immunodiffusion test,Western blot assay and micro-Widal's test.The carrying and expression rates of nmpC genes in 98 S.paratyphi A isolates were detected by PCR and ELISA.By a mouse infection model,the immunoprotective effect of rNmpC against the lethal challenge of S.paratyphi A was determined.Results All the cloned nmpC genes had 100% nucleotide and putative amino acid sequence identities compared to the reported sequencing data.The expression yield of rNmpC was approximately 30% of the total bacterial proteins.rNmpC could efficiently induce rabbits to produce specific antibody and present positive Western hybridization signals with S.paratyphi A antiserum.All the tested S.paratyphi A strains have nmpC gene as well as express NmpC protein,but no nmpC gene could be detectable in S.typhi,S paratyphi B and S paratyphi C.Immunization with 100 μg and 200 μg rNmpC contributed 41.7%(5/12) and 66.7%(8/12) immunoprotective rates in mice,respectively.The sera from rNmpC immunized mice and survival mice in the NmpC is an unique OMP antigen of S.paratyphi A with conserved sequence,extensive distribution and natural expression.This OMP can be used as one the candidate antigens for developing multiple-valence genetic engineering vaccine of S.paratyphi A based on its fine immunogenicity and certain immunoprotection.

Objective To introduce the application and the surgical cooperation of the transanal endoscopic microsurgery in resection of rectal neoplasms and summarize the nursing points.Method The clinical histories of 135 patients undergoing resection of rectal neoplasms with transanal endoscopic microsurgery were reviewed and analyzed.Results All the surgeries were successful. Four patients developed with wound infections,three of them getting better after treatment and one of them diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and selected another operation.Conclusion Well-prepared、pre-operation,skillful operation and instrument procedure and postoperative nursing were critical to the success of operations.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography (CTA)and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)for carotid artery dissection. Methods The image data of carotid artery ultrasonography,CTA,and DSA of 24 patients with carotid artery dissection were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-four,16,and 21 patients were examined with DSA,CTA,and carotid artery ultrasonography respectively. The detection rates of carotid artery dissection with DSA,CTA, and carotid artery ultrasonography were 95. 8%,75.0%,and 71. 4% respectively. The DSA mostly showed the line-like sign (n=12,50 %). CTA and carotid artery ultrasonography mostly showed the double lumen sign;they were 37. 5%(n=6)and 52. 4%(n=11)respectively. Compared with DSA,the concordance rates of carotid artery ultrasonography and CTA were 66. 7% and 81. 3% respectively. There was no significant difference (Kappa=0. 39,P=0. 08 and Kappa=0. 43,P =0. 22 respectively). The concordance rate of ultrasonography in combination with CTA and DSA reached 87. 5%(n=15,Kappa=0. 67,P =0.047). There was significant difference. Conclusion DSA is a gold standard for the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection,and it is irreplaceable. Carotid artery ultrasonography in combination with CTA can improve the diagnostic rate. Carotid artery ultrasonography can be used as a screening method for carotid artery dissection.