Probiotics as intestinal flora regulators are increasingly applied in clinical practice;however,the administration of probiotics in immunocompromised individuals is rarely reported.This article is aimed to review the benefits and risks of probiotics in immunocompromised individuals,such as HIV-infected individuals and patients with malignant tumors.The research evidence shows that probiotics can reduce the occurrence of different types of diarrhea,regulate the intestinal immune status and decrease the incidence of complications in immunocompromised patients.Randomized controlled clinical trials have shown that the risk of adverse events is not significantly increased in immunocompromised patients compared to those with intact immune status and the probiotics-related infections are only presented in case reports.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injections combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children bronchial pneumonia. Methods:Totally 56 cases of pediatric bronchial pneumonia were selected in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2013 and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 28 cases in each. The control group was with azithromycin treatment, and the observation group was with Tanreqing injections additionally. The effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were studied and compared. Results:In the observation group, the effective rate was 92. 9%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0. 05). The hospitalization time and the symptoms disappearance time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The adverse reactions showed no significant difference be-tween the two groups. Conclusion:Tanreqing injections in the treatment of children bronchial pneumonia is rapid, effective and safe.

Objective:To share a drug treatment experience for multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the pharmaceutical care participated by clinical pharmacist for one case of intervertebral space infection with multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out.Results:Pharmacists participated in the whole treatment process,made the combined antimicrobial regimen (fosfomycin + ceftazidime + ciprofloxacin),and adjusted the time sequence.As a result,satisfactory curative effect was obtained.Conclusion:The infection with multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be treated with the three-drug therapy.Clinical pharmacists can play a positive role in the treatment of complicated infections.

As an important component of multi-physiological-parameter tele-monitoring system, database system is characterized by its large capacity, complex data type and being realtime. According to the design flow of the database, this paper develops a multi-physiological parameter network database with EER concept model and distributed database technology.

Objective To investigate the anticancer efficacy of dihydromyricetin (DMY)in gastric cancer cells SGC7901. Methods The DMY was puritied using RP-HPLC was almost 98%.The cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 Assay.The cell ap-optosis was assessed by flow cytometry.Using ultrasonic extraction with neutral water and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography,DMY was purified from rattan tea.Results By using RP-HPLC,the purified DMY is almost 99%.DMY inhibi-ted the growth of tumor cells in the low concentration(≤ 1 mmol)with a dose-dependent manner(P <0.05 ).Further study on DMY showed that it induced apoptosis in SGC7901 cell line with a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion DMY is a potential thera-peutic agent for gastric cancer.

Objective To establish the qualitative and quantitative detective methods of Fuyang granules.Methods The TLC methods for identification of Fructus kochiae and Herba solani lyrati were established.A simple HPLC was established for the determination of hydroxysafflor A(HYSA).The mobile phase was methanol-acetonitrile-0.7% phosphoric acid(24:6:70).UV detecting wavelength was at 403 nm.Results Fructus kochiae and Herba solani lyrati could be identified by TLC.HYSA showed a linear relationship at the concentration range of 0.128～1.024 ?g,r =0.999 8.The average recovery was 99.52% and RSD= 1.97%(n = 5).Conclusion The method can be used for qualitative identification and quantization determination of Fuyang granules.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography (CTA)and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)for carotid artery dissection. Methods The image data of carotid artery ultrasonography,CTA,and DSA of 24 patients with carotid artery dissection were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-four,16,and 21 patients were examined with DSA,CTA,and carotid artery ultrasonography respectively. The detection rates of carotid artery dissection with DSA,CTA, and carotid artery ultrasonography were 95. 8%,75.0%,and 71. 4% respectively. The DSA mostly showed the line-like sign (n=12,50 %). CTA and carotid artery ultrasonography mostly showed the double lumen sign;they were 37. 5%(n=6)and 52. 4%(n=11)respectively. Compared with DSA,the concordance rates of carotid artery ultrasonography and CTA were 66. 7% and 81. 3% respectively. There was no significant difference (Kappa=0. 39,P=0. 08 and Kappa=0. 43,P =0. 22 respectively). The concordance rate of ultrasonography in combination with CTA and DSA reached 87. 5%(n=15,Kappa=0. 67,P =0.047). There was significant difference. Conclusion DSA is a gold standard for the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection,and it is irreplaceable. Carotid artery ultrasonography in combination with CTA can improve the diagnostic rate. Carotid artery ultrasonography can be used as a screening method for carotid artery dissection.

Objective To investigate Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) protein expression in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma,and to evaluate the relationship between TLR4 protein expression and angiogenesis.Methods Sixty-two surgically resected human pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens and 35 normal para-cancerous tissues were investigated for TLR4 protein expression by immunohistochemical SP methods,and CD31 antibody was used to mark microvascular endothelial cells and determine the microvessel density (MVD).The correlation among TLR4 protein expression and MVD and clinicopathologic features of pancreatic adenocarcinoma were analyzed.Results TLR4 protein positive expression rate and MVD in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma was 74.2％ (46/62) and 47.3 ± 13.5,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the normal pancreatic tissue [17.1％ (6/35),12.6 ±4.8; P ＜0.01].TLR4 protein positive expression rate in the cases with lymph node metastasis was 83.8％,which was significantly higher than that in the cases without lymph node metastasis (60.0％,P =0.036).TLR4 protein positive expression rate in the patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ of TNM classification was 85.3％,which was significantly higher than that in the patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ (60.7％,P=0.028).MVD was closely related to tumor size,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P =0.008,0.036,0.010).There was a strong positive correlation between TLR4 protein expression and MVD (r =0.534,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions TLR4 protein expression is closely related to the development and progression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its potential mechanism is related to the promotion of tumor angiogenesis.

BACKGROUND: There has been increasing attention in the study of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ALS)and bone metabolism, which is accompanied by osteopenia and osteoporosis. Interleukin(IL) -6, a cytokine that strongly promotes bone resorption, participates in the regulation of bone metablism.OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between changes of bone mineral density(BMD) and serum IL-6 content in AIS.DESIGN: A controlled non-randomized concurrent study involving patients with AIS and and healthy volunteers.SETTING: The clinic and wards of the department of spinal surgery of a university-affiliated hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six patients with AIS(6 males and 30 females aged 12 to 18 years) were treated in the Department of Spinal Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical College of Nanjing University from July to October 2003, who had a Cobb angle ranging from 34° - 109° and curvature of the thoracic spine. Thirty-six healthy adolescent volunteers(7 males and 29 females within the range of 13 - 18 years old) served as the control group.METHODS: The BMD was measured at L2- L4 and the proximal femur;(including the femoral neck, greater trochanter and Ward' s triangle) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and serum IL-6 determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① BMD of the lumbar spine and femur ② Comparison of serum IL-6 content of all the subjects.RESULTS: The BMD of AIS patients at L2- L4, femoral neck, greater trochanter and Ward' s triangle was 0.79±0. 12, 0.78±0. 12, 0.65± 0. 10, and 0. 69 ± 0. 13 g/cm2, respectively, all significantly lower than the corresponding measurements of the control group(1.09 ± 0. 11, 0.95 ± 0. 11,0. 78 ± 0. 10, and 0. 88 ± 0. 11 g/cm2, respectively, P ＜ 0. 001), whereas the serum IL-6 content in the patients was significantly higher than that in the control subjects ( P ＜ 0. 005). The changes of BMD at the lumbar spine and the three sites of femur were negatively correlated with serum IL-6 in AIS patients( P ＜ 0. 001 ), but not so in the control group( P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The BMD is decreased and serum IL-6 elevated in patients with AIS, and excessive secretion of IL-6 might be one of the important factors of osteopenia in AIS.

Objective To introduce the application and the surgical cooperation of the transanal endoscopic microsurgery in resection of rectal neoplasms and summarize the nursing points.Method The clinical histories of 135 patients undergoing resection of rectal neoplasms with transanal endoscopic microsurgery were reviewed and analyzed.Results All the surgeries were successful. Four patients developed with wound infections,three of them getting better after treatment and one of them diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and selected another operation.Conclusion Well-prepared、pre-operation,skillful operation and instrument procedure and postoperative nursing were critical to the success of operations.