ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of G protein-coupled ER (GPER) and ER in the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) induced by 17β-estradiol (17β-E2 )in endometrial carcinoma cells,Ishikawa and HEC-1A.Methods Expressions of GPER,Erα and Erβ protein in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.Levels of GPER,Erα and Erβ were examined by western blot in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells after treated with 1 ×10-6 mol/L 17β-E2 at different time (0,15,30,60,120 minutes).ResultsGPER was positive expressed in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells.Erα and Erβ were both positive expressed in Ishikawa cells.While,Erα was weakly expressed and Erβ was almost negatively expressed in HEC-1A cells.Western blot analysis showed that 1× 10-6 mol/L 17β-E2 treatment,the Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells GPER protein level for 15 minutes markedly increased (P ＜ 0.05 ),which Ishikawa 30 minutes,when cells reached the highest level (0.192 ± 0.004),HEC-1A cells for 15 minutes and reached the highest level (0.184 ±0.006) ; Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells,Akt,activation of 15 minutes from the treatment start was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05 ),which Ishikawa cells for 30 minutes and reached the highest level (0.666 ± 0.021 ),HEC-1A cells for 15 minutes and reached maximum (0.788 ± 0.035); Ishikawa and HEC-1 A cells,Erα and Erβ protein expression did not change significantly ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion GPER likely involved in non-nuclear activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in endometrial carcinoma cells,Ishikawa and HEC-1A.

Objective To discover the effects of the Prescription Administrative Policy in force on the quality of the prescriptions in a tertiary hospital in 2007. Methods The prescriptions of 400 cases were sampled systematically for evaluation, and 60 patients were interviewed. Results The average eligibility rate of the prescriptions was but 37. 2% in this hospital, which was mainly plagued by incompleteness, nonstandard and irrationality found in prescriptions. Implementation of the Policy contributed to a significant improvement of some indicators. For example, the eligibility rate increased by 12. 2% (P=0. 004) ,the percentage of the use of antimicrobial agents dropped significantly (P=0. 001),and the percentage of generic names used rose significantly (P = 0. 000). Conclusions The implementation of the Policy is highly positive for prescription quality.

Objective To study bacterial conditions in amniotic cavity of the third trimester and the delivery. Methods Patients underwent cesarean section due to various reasons were randomly enrolled in the study. Ten ml aqua amnii taken from using aspesis were cultured and the bacteria were identified and tested for drug sensitivity. All patients were not treated with antibiotics before and during operation,conventional antibiotics treatnent was used after operation. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on their status: 34 cases of premature rupture of membrane ( PROM ), thirty-four cases of labor without PROM, and 27 cases of pregnancy without PROM. The positive rate, species , distribution and drug sensitivity of bacteria in the 3 groups were analyzed. Results The positive rate was 61.8% (21/34) in PROM ,52. 9% ( 18/34 ) in labor without PROM,11.1% (3/27)in pregnancy without PROM. The positive rates were significantly different among the 3 groups (x2 = 17.29 ,P =0.000). However, there was no significant difference between the labor without PROM group and the pregnancy without PROM group ( x2 = 0.541 , P = 0.462 ). Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolated bacteria, following by staphylococcus aureas, streptococcus, colon bacillus, and pseudomonas. There were no significant differences of bacterial species between labor without PROM and pregnancy without PROM( x2 = 11.9,P =0.535 ). The relative higher positive rate in the labor without PROM and PROM indicated that they were important inducement of bacteria infection. There were no significant difference on positive rate and bacteria species distribution between the PROM and labor without PROM group,which suggested that up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity was the most common route of infection. Sensitive antibiotics should be given to the patients of PROM and labor without PROM targeted at staphylococcus,streptococcus, colon bacillus and monad. Antibiotics such as Cephems, Penicillins and Clindamycin were sensitive to various bacteria and safe to both mother and baby, thus were recommended. Quinupristin, Vancomycin,Furantoin, Fusidic ,Teicoplanin, Amikacin and Meropenem were also sensitive to various bacteria, but due to their side effects and the principle of ladder antibiotics using, they were recommended as second line antibiotics. Conclutions Up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity is the most common route of infection. For rupture of membrane and labor without PROM patients, antibiotics should be given, and strict aseptic technique,washing cavity and incision, using antibiotics after operation are necessary to prevent infection.

Objective To investigate status of the intravenous use of antibiotics in outpatients and emergency patients of a tertiary first-class hospital, and provide a reference for developing management measures in next step. Methods By a retrospective method,all the prescriptions using antibiotics by intravenous administration in outpatients and emergency department patients from a tertiary first-class hospital in 2013 were extracted from the hospital information system. The categories of antimicrobial agents,proportion of intravenous use of antimicrobial drugs,ranking of the antibiotic consumption sum and defined daily dose,and the top 10 clinical departments or wards intravenously using antimicrobial drugs were chosen to analyze. The data in 2014 were extracted as a comparison. Results Outpatients and emergency department patients respectively used 8 categories 31 kinds and 8 categories 30 kinds of intravenous antimicrobial drugs, with high consumption of cephalosporins and restricted antimicrobials such as sodium cefoxitin.Intravenous use of antimicrobial drug prescription proportion in emergency department is higher than that in outpatient department. Conclusion After intervention in 2014, antibiotic consumption is effectively controlled as compared that in 2013. But management should be strengthened and appropriate interventions should be taken to ensure the use of intravenous antibiotics in a safe,effective and economical manner.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine Keyouling oral liquid in the treatment of condyloma acuminatum(CA) and the adjustment of cellular immunity function.

METHODSThe IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels of peripheral serum and wart tissue of patterned rats and CA patients exposed to Keyouling were determined by means of double-antibody sandwich ELISA, and the NK cellular activity of the spleen of the patterned rats and that of the peripheral blood of the CA patients exposed to Keyouling were determined by means of 3H-TdR isotype release.

RESULTSThe IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels, the NK cellular activity of the high-dosage group showed significant difference from those of the pattern group and low-dosage group in animal experiment(P < 0.05); the IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels of peripheral serum and wart tissues, and the NK cellular activity of the peripheral blood of the treatment group showed significant difference from those of the control group after treatment(P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSKeyouling oral liquid has significant positive adjusting effect, which can markedly ameliorate the cellular immunadeficiency of the patterned animals and reinforce the cellular immunocompetence of CA patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Condylomata Acuminata ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-18 ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

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Objective: To establish primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) animal model induced by anti-platelet membrane glycoprotein GPⅠbα antibodies AN51 and R300. Methods: Twenty guinea pigs (6-8 week) were divided into 4 groups. Five guinea pigs in each group were intravenously injected with different doses of AN51 (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 μg/g) and 0.2 μg/g IgG as control. The whole blood was collected from inner angular venous plexus. Platelets number was determined by an automated cell counter and Swiss-Jim method. Then, the similar protocol was used to establish ITP nude mice model by intraperitoneal injection of different concentrations of anti-platelet GPⅠbα antibody R300, respectively. Results: ①Five minutes after intravenous injection of AN51 at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 μg/g, the platelet counts of guinea pigs reduced about 0-5%, 50%-60% and 70%-80% compared to the control group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . ②Six hours after intraperitoneal injection of R300 at 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 μg/g, the platelet counts of nude mice decreased about 20%-30%, 60%-70% and 80%-90% compared to the control group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . The nude mice, injected 0.2 μg/g R300 once a day for 2 weeks, showed typical ITP clinical manifestations including large number of petechiaes or ecchymoses on limbs, head and abdomen. Conclusion AN51 at 0.2 μg/g and R300 at 0.2 μg/g could establish stable ITP model in guinea pigs and nude mice respectively.

Objective:To evaluate the potential effects of serum lipid levels, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and body mass index (BMI), together with its dynamic changes, on tumor progression in renal clear cell carcinoma patients, so as to inform body weight management.Methods:This prospective cohort study included a total of 100 patients with high-risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Serum lipid levels were detected, ASMI and BMI were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and the dynamic changes of BMI were tracked. The effects of BMI, ASMI and serum lipid levels on tumor progression within 2 years were explored.Results:Patients with normal BMI and low ASMI had 5.248 (95% CI: 1.946 to 14.153, P = 0.001) times higher risk of tumor progression than those who were overweight or obese. For every 0.1-unit increase in pre-operative HDL-C, the risk of tumor progression decreased by 0.771 (95% CI: 0.631 to 0.942, P = 0.011) times. Patients who experienced more than 5% decrease in BMI compared with baseline had 5.165 (95% CI: 1.735 to 15.370, P = 0.003) times the progression risk of patients whose BMI changed within ±5% from baseline. Conclusions:The advantage of obese clear cell carcinoma patients over normal-weight patients in tumor progression-free survival may be influenced by ASMI, pre-onset involuntary weight loss and lipid levels. Therefore, patient weight management should not merely focus on absolute BMI but tailor to individual characteristics, including cancer stage, body composition and metabolic status.