Objective: To investigate the effect of soy isoflavones extract on bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency. Methods: 87 postmenopausal women were randomly assigned in single blind manner, to three treatment groups with daily intake of placebo, 84 mg and 126 mg soy isoflavones respectively. Additionally a positive control group was 10 women was given daily 2.5 mg estrogen. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine, neck of femur and Ward`s triangle were measured at baseline and post treatment after 24 wk . Results: BMD in all sites in both isoflavones treated and estrogen treated groups did not change significantly. However, the BMD of the lumbar spine decreased in the placebo group (P

AIM:To establish a quality standard for Anshen Wendan Pill(Rhizoma Pinelliae Praeparata,Pericarpium Citri reticulatae,Poria,Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,etc.). METHODS:Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis,Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,and Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae were identified by TLC,and the contents of schisandrin and hesperidin were determined by HPLC. The content of cinnabaris was determined by titration. RESULTS:Pericarpium Citri reticulatae,Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis,Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,and Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae could be identified by TLC. The calibration curve of schisandrin was linear in the range of 0.017-0.52 ?g with the correlation coefficient of 1.000 0(n=5).The average recovery of schisandrin was 99.83%(RSD=0.86%,n=6). The calibration curve of hesperidin was linear in the range 0.506 -2.53 ?g,with the correlation coefficient of 1.000 0(n=5).The average recovery hesperidin was 100.43%(RSD=1.39%,n=6). The average recovery of cinnabaris was 98.30%(RSD=1.06%,n=6). CONCLUSION :The methods are simple,accurate and reproducible. They are suitable for the quality control of Anshen Wendan Pill.

AIM: To establish a gas chromatography method for the determination of sabinene in ledum terpenes from Ledum palustry L. METHODS: 5% SE 30 was adopted as the stationary phase, the temperature of column was set at 65 ?C and FID detector with termperature at 200 ?C . RESULTS: Sabinene in the preparation was gained satisfactory separation and assay under the chromatographic condition. The calibration curve of sabinene was good linear in the range of 0.06 0.60 mg?mL -1 . with the corelation coefficient r=0.9998(n=6) . The average recovery of sabinene was 100.3%, RSD=1.4%, (n=5) . CONCLUSION: The method is simple, highly repeatable and accurate, and it can be used to control the quality of the preparation.

Objective To explore the clinical features of transbronchial tuberculous mediastinal lymph-adenitis and value of bronchoscopic interventional therapy. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients who had been diagnosed as tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis and had received bronchoscopic interventional therapy in our hospital during the period from January 2008 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The bronchoscopic change , improvement in symptoms , and time to sputum smear and culture conversion were used to assess the therapeutic effect. The patients were followed up for six months. Results The mean age of the patients was (35 ± 15) years and the male to female ratio was 1:1.2. The lesions occurred mostly at the right middle lobe in 24% (12/50) of the patients. The total effectiveness rate was up to 98% (49/50) after chemotherapy and bronchoscopic interventional therapy. The major complication associated with interventional therapy was hemoptysis (8%, 4/50). After follow-up of 6 months , 49 patients with active lesions were stable , with smooth bronchial mucosa and no obvious obstruction by granulation and caseous necrosis tissues. Conclusions The relavent clinical symptoms of transbronchial tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis is mainly caused by tuberculosis inflammation which destroys and blocks the airway. The fiber bronchoscopic therapy with forceps clip and drug infusion has a definite effect and fewer complications.

Objective To study the effect of soy isoflavones(SI) on menopausal symptoms,and its mechanism.Methods Ninety early postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to three treatment groups with daily dosages of 0(placebo),84,126 mg/(kg bw?d) SI(n=30).Hot flash frequency and Kuppermann score and serum 17?-estrodiol(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH) were assessed at baseline,12 w and 24 w posttreatment.Results The percent decreases of Kuppermann scores and hot flashes frequency of the two SI treatment groups were 57.8%?37.4%and 44.3%?19.1% in low dose group and(56.7?26.7)% and(48.5?27.2)% in high dose group respectively,significantly higher than those of the placebo group(34.6?46.2)% and(27.8?15.5) %.No significant difference was observed between the two SI groups.The contents of E2,FSH and LH among all groups were insignificantly different.Conclusion A daily dosage of 84 mg soy isoflavones or above could improve menopausal symptoms especially reducing hot flashes frequency and the mechanism seems not associatedwith serum E2,FSH,and LH.

Objective:To observe the effect of xylitol on the cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 expression of renal tubule in diabetic rats.Methods:The Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group(group NC),diabetes control group(group DC),5% xylitol-treated group(group 5%),10% xylitol-treated group(group 10%)and 20% xylitol-treated group(group 20%).At the end of 8 weeks,the expression of COX-2 in kidney tissue,the level of serum uric acid,allantoin and creatinine were tested in rat groups.Results:The levels of serum uric acid and allantoin were higher in group 5% and group 10% compared with that of group DC.The differences in levels of serum uric acid and allantoin were statistical significance between group 10% and group DC(P ＜ 0.05),whereas,the lower levels of serum uric acid and allantoin were found in group 20% compared with those of group DC(P ＞ 0.05).The levels of urine uric acid and allantoin were lower in group 5% and group 10% than those of group DC(urine uric acid,P＞ 0.05 and allantoin,P＜ 0.05),whereas,group 20% had higher levels of urine uric acid and allantoin than those of group DC(P＜ 0.05).The fractional excretion of uric acid(FEUA)was lower in group 5% and group 10% compared with that of group DC(P ＜ 0.05).The FEUA was higher in group 20% than that of group DC(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of COX-2 was significantly increased in group 5% and group 10% compared with that of group DC(P ＜ 0.05),but the expression of COX-2 decreased in group 20%(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:The lower and mediate doses of dietary xylitol could aggravate the tubular injury through increasing the level of serum uric acid and the expression of COX-2 in renal tubule.The higher doses of xylitol could increase the excretion of uric acid and down-regulate the expression of COX-2 in renal tubule.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate mutations of 41 STR loci. Methods 4546 bloodstain samples were typed from 1932 father–mother–child trios by using AGCU_21+1, AGCU_EX22 and GlobalFiler_ExpressTM amplification Kit. Calculate the mutation rates of STR loci. Results 154 mutations were identified at 32 of the 41 loci. The average mutation rate was 1.0×10-3per locus(95%CI: 0.8~1.1×10-3), and the mutations of SE33 was highest. 152(98.7%) mutation events were one-step mutation, 2(1.3%) events were two-steps. The mutation events occurred in 150 father–mother–child triplets. The mutations in 146(97.3%) triplets occurred at single locus, 8 mutations were observed at two loci in 4(2.7%) triplets simultaneously. 104 paternal and 22 maternal mutations could be determined under 79212 paternal and maternal allelictransfers. The ratio of paternal versus maternal mutations was 4.7:1, and 28 unassigned mutations were observed. Conclusion STR mutation are common in paternity testing, and we should pay more attention to it.

Objective To explore the risk factors for patients with massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis and to provide a strategy for clinical treatment for tuberculosis massive hemoptysis (TMH). Methods Chi-square test and multivariate logistics analysis were applied to analyze the medical data of 241 cases of TMH. Results Chi-squared test showed that eleven factors were found to be significantly correlated with TMH. Longer disease course (≥3 months), lung lesions range ≥ 3 lung fields, pulmonary tuberculosis cavity, a higher smoking index (≥400 cigarettes per year) and clinical treatment were risk factors for TMH. Patients aged 45 years or older accompanied with bronchiectasia, pulmonary fungal infection, diabetes or hepatopathy had higher probabilities of developing massive hemoptysis. Multivariate analysis showed lung lesions range over 3 lung fields (OR = 2.447,P = 0.015), pulmonary tuberculosis cavity (OR = 2.486, P = 0.004), bronchial asthma (OR =3.192,P = 0.002), pulmonary fungal infection (OR = 3.896, P = 0.005) and hepatopathy (OR = 3.101, P =0.006) were final risk factors for TMH. Conclusion Multiple factors contributed to patients with massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis. Lung lesions range over 3 lung fields, pulmonary tuberculous cavities, bronchial asthma, lung fungal infection and hepatopathy might be the independent risk factors for TMH.

Objective To analyze the immune regulation mechanism of C-MET expression in non-small cell lung cancer by transcriptome sequencing technology.Methods The C-MET expression of lung adenocarci-noma cell line(H1993)and lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line(EBC-1)with high C-MET expression was silenced using siRNA molecular interference technology.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)before and after C-MET silencing were detected using transcriptome sequencing technology.The signal pathways and related genes of the immune microenvironment in which C-MET may participate in regulation were excavated through bioinformat-ics analysis.Finally,the co-culture technique of human immune cells with H1993 and EBC-1 was used to verify the effect of C-MET on immune factors such as INF-γ,INF-β and CXCL-10.Results We detected 505 DEGs in total using transcriptome sequencing.There were 38 differentially expressed genes in the C-MET regulation group before and after H1993,24 upregulated differentially expressed genes,and 14 downregulated differentially expressed genes,respectively.There are a total of 467 differentially expressed genes in the C-MET regulation group of EBC-1,347 upregulated differentially expressed genes,and 121 downregulated differentially expressed genes,respec-tively.KEGG analysis of differential genes suggested that C-MET expression might participate in the regulation of immune cell regulatory factors through the IL-17 signaling pathway,white blood cell differentiation,cytokine receptor activity,cell cycle,cytokine receptor activity,and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.The effect of C-MET on immune factor secretion was verified using the co-culture technique of lung cancer cells and human immune cells,and the results of Rt-qPCR assay suggested,the mRNA transcriptional level of INF-γ in PBMC co-cultured with the C-MET high expression group was 77 times that of the low expression group,and the mRNA transcriptional level of CXCL-10 was 1.6 times that of the low expression group.The mRNA transcriptional level of INF--β was twice as high as that of the low expression group.Conclusion C-MET expression may participate in the regulation of tumor surrounding immune microenvironment through IL-17 signaling pathway,leukocyte differen-tiation,and cytokine receptor activity pathway.

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of visceral fat area(VFA) on laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and short-term outcome in patients with gastric carcinoma.

METHODSClinicopathological and imaging data of 202 patients with gastric cancer who were treated by laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from May 2011 to July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. VFA of all the patients were measured by CT, of which more than 10 000 m(2) were found in 104 patients(VFA-L group), less than 10 000 m2 in other 98 patients (VFA-S group). Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThere were no differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss and number of harvested lymph node between the two groups(all P>0.05). As compared to VFA-S group, VFA-L group had a higher incidence of conversion to open surgery[9.6%(10/104) vs. 2.0%(2/98), P=0.023], higher complication rate [22.1%(23/104) vs. 10.2%(10/98), P=0.003], longer postoperative fever time [(3.0±1.3) d vs. (2.4±1.1) d, P=0.000], total length of hospital stay [(18.6±11.8) d vs. (15.8±6.0) d, P=0.039]. There were no significant differences in first flatus passage time and total hospitalization costs between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONElevated VFA can raise the difficulty of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy, increase the risk of postoperative complication and prolong the postoperative recovery.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms