Objective To observe the expression of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) in vitreous specimens and epiretinal membranes of patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy diseases.Methods Vitreous specimens and epiretinal membranes were obtained from 48 patients (48 eyes) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and 50 patients (50 eyes) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Vitreous specimens and internal limiting membranes were collected from 20 patients (20 eyes) with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) as control group.The expression of HSP47 and TGF-β2 in the vitreous specimens was evaluated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of HSP47,TGF-β2,types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in epiretinal membrane and internal limiting membrane specimens were observed for immunohistochemical staining method.The correlation between the positive expression of HSP47 and TGF-β2,types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in epiretinal membrane specimens of patients with PVR and PDR were analyzed.Results The expression of HSP47 in vitreous specimens of patients with PVR,PDR and IMH were (212.35±23.32),(231.30±26.79),(171.06±28.91) pg/ml,respectively.The expression of TGF β2 in vitreous specimens of patients with PVR,PDR and IMH were (1919.96 ± 318.55),(1939.39 ± 177.57),(1194.61 ± 234.20) pg/ml,respectively.The expression of HSP47,TGF-β2 in the vitreous specimens of patients with PVR and PDR were significantly increased compared with patients with IMH and the difference was statistically significant (F=12.952,34.532;P＜0.01).The epiretinal membrane of patients with PVR and PDR showed markedly increased expression of HSP47,TGF β2,types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix.The expression of HSP47 and type Ⅲ collagen was negative and the expression of TGF-β2 was weakly positive and the expression of types Ⅰ collagen was positive in internal limiting membrane of patients with IMH.The expression of HSP47,TGF β2,types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in the epiretinal membrane of patients with PVR and PDR were significantly increased compared with patients with IMH and the difference was statistically significant (F=13.469,18.752,12.875,20.358;P＜0.01).The expression of HSP47 was positively correlated with thepositive expression of TGF-~,types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen in epiretinal membrane specimens of patients withPVR (r=0.475,0.556,0.468;P＜0.05) and PDR (r=0.484,0.589,0.512;P＜0.05).Conclusions This study showed increased consistent expression of HSP47 and TGF-β2 in vitreous and epiretinal membrane specimens of patients with PVR and PDR.Both HSP47 and TGF-β2 were expressed in the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix.HSP47 and TGF-β2 may be involved in the pathological process of PDR and PVR by promoting collagen synthesis.

Objective To explore the relationship between interleukin-18 (IL-18) and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),and between SLE and early atherosclerosis.Method A total of 59 female patients with SLE were divided into three groups according to the level of IL-18:＜2× 107g/L (A group,19 cases),2.0-3.2 × 107 g/L (B group,22 cases),≥ 3.2 × 107 g/L (C group,18 cases).The cardiovascular risk factors including body mass index (BMI),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),fasting insulin and glucose,plasma glucose,plasma lipid,brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV) and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) were determined in all patients.Result Plasma levels of insulin,triglyceride,homocysteine and values of homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA IR) in SLE patients with IL-18 ≥3.2×107 g/L were significant higher than patients with IL-1＜2× 107 g/L or 2-3.2 × 107 g/L (F =15.61,4.06,11.18,8.49;P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).About 72.88％ patient had hyperhomocysteinaemia which lead to significantly increase the level of IL-18 (P＜0.05).The level of IL-18 of patients in A,B and C groups were (208.75 ± 23.21),(261.20± 17.82) and (339.05 ± 32.54),and it increased significantly as IL-18 increase (P＜0.05).The level of IL-18 was increased as risk factors of SLE including baPWV,level of insulin and IR increased (P =0.019,0.002,0.000).Conclusion The synergistic effects of hyperinsulinaemia,insulin resistance,hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular stiffness most likely contribute to the elevation of plasma IL-18 concentrations in patients with SLE.

Objective To develop an automatic chest X-ray protective device to decrease the harm to the patient during Xray examination.Methods Mobile lead plate was involved in to protect the non-target organs and tissues.The device had the frame made of 304 stainless steel,and the core protective part of lead plate with 5 mm-thickness,whose components included noiseless motor,transmission system and lithium battery.Results The device decreased the exposure field and radiation dosage,and thus contributed to the patient protection effectively.Conclusion The device reduces the exposure dosage greatly,and is of great value for enhancing efficacy.

Objective To induce adult adult adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) in vitro to differentiate into neuronal-like cells,and to analyze the features of their cell morphology and ultrastructure. Methods Adipose stromal cells were obtained and amplified in vitro. Then make use of chemical induction to induce them. Observed ADSC and differentiation of cells in morphology and ultrastructure under inverted microscope and transmission electron microscopy. Immunocytochemistry to detection of Nestin, Neuron Specific Endolase( NSE) ,and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) expression in cells. Used Real-time PCR to detection of Nestin,GFAP gene mRNA expression before and after induction in ADSC. To observe the morphology and ultrastructure of the cells prior to and after induction under microscope and electron microscope. Results The morphology of ADSC was similar to fibroblasts ,and could be amplified stability within 10 passages in vitro. Some of the cells induced display a typical astrocyte-like cells in ultrastructure. Followed neuronal induction,astrocyte-like cells began to stain brightly for CFAP, Nestin. GFAP stained in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of astrocyte-like cells, but Nestin only stained in the cytoplasm. The peak positive expression rate within 14d following neuronal induction. The rate of positive expression cells was( 14.4 ± 3. 6) % for Nestin, (87. 3 ± 5. 3 ) % for GFAP. Then two kinds of protein expression remained the similar rate. The average relative concentration of GFAP and Nestin gene mRNA have significant statistical difference between ADSC and differented cells analyzed by Real-time PCR (P<0.05).The peak concentration of GFAP was within 20 d after induction,and GFAP was within 14 d after induction. Conclusion In the cytoplasm of adult adipose-derived cells possess Nestin genetic material,which is the marker of neural stem cell. The differential astrocyte-like cells have the typical morphology, ultrastructure and GFAP phenotype of mature astrocytes.

Objective To reseach the time point of the highest percentage of neural precursor cells derived from adipose stromal cells (ADSCs) in vitro, and to observe the ultrastructure features of neural precursor cells. Methods Used the β-mercaptoethanol to induce ADSCs to differentiate into neural precursor cells and neuron-like cells. The morphology of the uninductedcells and inducted cells were observed with inverted phase contrast microscope. The expression of nestin which was the marker of neural precursor cell in each group was detected using immunofluorescence staining method. The ultrastructural feature of cells which was induced for 3 hours were observed. Results The highest ratio of positive expression of nestin was 3 hours following induction,with the ratio ( 86.25 ± 4.82) %. There were many protuberance on the cell membrane under transmission electron microscopy.There were plenty of organelles in the neural precursor cells. The neural precursor cells had a large size nucleus,large nucleoplasmic index, much extended chromatin,and less condensed chromatin. The nucleus had double-layer nuclear envelope, more nuclear pore on the nuclear envelope. Conclusion The time point of the highest percentage of neural precursor cells derived from ADSCs is 3 hours,and the ultrastructral feature of induced neural precursor cells confirm that cells at this time point are in a state of split active period.

Objective:To select suitable chemotherapy for cervical cancer patients by ATP-tumor chemosensitivity assay.
Methods:Seventy-two hospitalized patients with cervical cancer between July 2007 and October 2009 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into a trial group (n=35) and a control group(n=37). ATP-TCA was used to detect the sensitivity of 35 samples of cervical cancer in the trial group to 6 combined chemotherapy regimens. The chemotherapy regimen in the trial group was confirmed by the results of susceptibility testing and that in the control group was confirmed by clinical experience. One-year recurrence rate and 3-year survival rate of two groups were compared after 3 year follow-up.
Results:ATP-TCA was measured in 32 of the 35 patients in the trial group. The sensitive patients for paclitaxel+carboplatin, paclitaxel+oxaliplatin, bleomycin+ifosfamide+cisplatin, bleomycin+vincristine+cisplatin, fluorouracil+cisplatin, and gemcitabine+cisplatin were 20, 18, 17, 18, 17, and 21, respectively. There was no significant difference in the 1-year recurrence between the two groups (P>0.05), while the 3-year survivors in the trial group were more than those in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion:ATP-TCA method is good for patients with cervical cancer because it is sensitive, effective, and individualized.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-3606.2013.06.004

Objective To identify the active compounds for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) from the seeds of Plantago asiatica. Methods Bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of iridoid glucosides (1-5) with PTP1B inhibitory activity. Results Five compounds were identified as desacetylhookerioside (1), melittoside (2), geniposidic acid (3), 10-O-acetyl-geniposidic acid (4), and alpinoside (5). Conclusion Isolated compounds 3-5 inhibit PTP1B with IC50 values ranged from (16.3 ± 1.1) to (19.8 ± 1.2) μmol/L.

Objective To observe the protective effect of Vdvet-feeling on phlebitis in rabbit ears induced by Fluorouracil.Methods The models of Fluorouracil induced phlebitis in rabbit ears were established.24 rabbits were randomized into three groups:group A used Velvet-feeling for wet dressing,group B was the blank control group C was coated with Hirudoid.The vein was assessed before and after the intervention,and the changes in appearance of vein and the occurrence of phlebitis were observed.The samples of local vein and surrounding tissues were cut off 24 hours after intravenous injection of Fluorouracil and were made pathological sections,HE staining.The pathological damage degree of the vein and surrounding tissues were evaluated by light microscopy.Results The degree of phlebitis in group A and C were lower than group B,there was significant difference.There was significant difference between group A and C at the degree of phlebitis,especially in infiltration of inflammatory cells of vessel wall and perivascular edema.Conclusions Early application of the Velvet-feeling or Hirudoid coating were better in prevention of Fluorouracil induced phlebitis,and wet dressing of Velvet-feeling was better than Hirudoid coating.

Objective To establish a quality standard for Tibetan medicineRuyi-Zhenbao pill. Methods Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was applied to identify 12 Tibetan medicinal materials, and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine the contents of gallic acid, dehydrodiisoeugenol, piperine, and cinnamaldehyde.Results The identified characteristics of TLC were distinct and the spots were clear. Linearity of gallic acid, dehydrodiisoeugenol, piperine, and cinnamaldehyde were in the range of 0.106-0.901μg, 0.033-0.281μg, 0.007-0.060μg, and 0.021-0.178μg, respectively. Average recovery was in the range of 98.47%-101.65% (RSD<3.0%).Conclusions The method of identification and content determination was good in terms of specificity, accuracy and repeatability, and can be used for quality control ofRuyi-Zhenbaopill.