BACKGROUND:The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cel s (iPSCs)-derived dopaminergic neurons solves the problem that the embryonic stem cel (ESC) shows an ethical issue on its source, providing a promising cel source for treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the differentiation methods of iPSCs-derived dopaminergic neurons in vitro, the choice of Parkinson’s disease models and the transplantation of iPSCs-derived dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinson’s disease treatment.
METHODS:In order to search relevant articles about the application of iPSCs-derived dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinson’s disease models from PubMed databases (from 1980 to 2015), a computer-based search was performed by the first author, using the key words of“iPSC and Parkinson’s disease, induced pluripotent stem cel s and Parkinson’s disease, ES cel s and Parkinson, PD model, Parkinson and Lewy bodies”in English. Final y 40 articles were chosen for further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Here, this paper is detailed to show the research status of human iPSCs-derived dopaminergic neurons for treating Parkinson’s disease by reviewing the sources and in vitro differentiation schedules of iPSCs as wel as the choice of Parkinson’s disease models and outcomes of transplantation of iPSCs-derived dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson’s disease treatment. According to the Parkinson’s disease mechanism of the Lewy body, we analyze the generation mechanism of the Lewy body, providing references to avert the presence of Lewy bodies and optimize the outcomes of transplantation. The improvement of differentiation conditions of iPSCs can markedly improve the behavior outcomes, and moreover, we can systematical y evaluate the outcomes of transplantation by iconography and immunohistochemical results.

The paper introduces the ventilator tester based on ADuC812 which can test the main signals including the flow and pressuere of ventilators.With the analysis of the tester and its applications to several ventilators available,it proves reliable and suitable for clinical use.

Objective To develop an automatic chest X-ray protective device to decrease the harm to the patient during Xray examination.Methods Mobile lead plate was involved in to protect the non-target organs and tissues.The device had the frame made of 304 stainless steel,and the core protective part of lead plate with 5 mm-thickness,whose components included noiseless motor,transmission system and lithium battery.Results The device decreased the exposure field and radiation dosage,and thus contributed to the patient protection effectively.Conclusion The device reduces the exposure dosage greatly,and is of great value for enhancing efficacy.

Objective To characterize the effects of AQP1 expression on kidney damage in rat disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) caused by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) dosing. Method Fifty male Wistar rats (clean grade) were randomly assigned into 5 groups of 10 rats. The 10 control rats were dosed with 10 ml of 0.9%NaCl solution by a drip via the vena caudalis within 4 h, and blood and tissues were obtained after treatment completion. In the DIC groups, the rats were dosed with LPS (30 mg/kg body weight in 10 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution) by a drip via the vena caudalis within 4 h, and blood and tissues were obtained at 4, 6, 8 and 10 h. The blood platelet(PLT) count, prothrombin time(PT) , activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), fibrin(FIB) and D-dimer(D-D) were detected. Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining was used to examine the pathologic changes in the lung and kidney tissues of each group (both hematologic parameters and tissue pathologic changes were used to judge the course of DIC). The AQP1 gene expression levels in the kidney tissues from the groups were evaluated by the mRNA levels using RT-PCR. Statistical analyses were performed by the SNK- q method. Results The PLT count, PT, APTT, FIB and D-D examinations revealed remarkable changes in all DIC groups compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The AQP1 mRNA level was significantly decreased in the DIC group at 4 h compared with the control group (P < 0.01) , and further decreased to the minimum level in the DIC group at 6 h. Moreover, cloudy swelling of renal tubular cells was observed at 6 h and cell degeneration and necrosis were observed at 8 h among the DIC groups. Conclusions Downregulation of AQP1 mRNA expression occurred before damage to the renal tubular cells in DIC, indicating that AQP1 expression may be involved in the kidney damage observed in rat DIC.

Objective To evaluate selective retention of the great saphenous vein (GSV) belowknee in the prevention of saphenous nerve injury during varicose veins surgery.Methods From January 2009 to January 2012,280 consecutive patients with incompetence of the GSV resulting in varicose veins were prospectively randomized into 2 groups.Patients in the experimental group underwent stripping restricted to the below knee level,patients in control group underwent GSV stripping to the ankle level Patients in the two groups were treated with transilluminated powered phlebectomy,and foam sclerotherapy.Primary end points were postoperative pain,saphenous nerve injury,quality of life and recurrence rate.Results After one month follow-up:5.71％ patients had symptoms of nervous system in the observation group,14.29％ patients had symptoms of nervous system in the control group (P =0.02).After 1 year follow-up,1.47％ patients had symptoms of nervous system in the observation group,7.14％ patients had symptoms of nervous system in the control group (P =0.02).Conclusions Selective retention of great saphenous vein below-knee decreases saphenous nerve injury.

For the purpose of monitoring real-time information of infant bed-wetting,this paper presents a medical digital wireless monitoring system with low-cost and high-performance. Its hardware is based on micro-controller,MSP430 ultra low-power and RF IC,nRF905 single wireless chip. With this wireless system,real-time information of infant bed-wetting can be monitored,and thus the nurses' work load can be reduced.

Objective To compare the outcome and early patency rate of revascularization treatment for patients with iliac artery occlusion or stenosis.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 105 cases of iliac artery occlusion or stenosis from January 2009 to April 2014.49 were with iliac artery occlusion and 56 with iliac artery stenosis.Results The demographics,and comorbidities were not statistically different between the 2 groups.The occlusion group had more critical limb ischemia and the ankle-brachial index was lower than the stenosis group.The occlusion group underwent more hybrid surgery and used more covered stents in the operation.The peri-operative complication was higher in the occlusion group,but the difference was not statistically different.The ABI improved significantly for all patients after surgery.The early patency rate was similar in the 2 groups.Conclusions Revascularization treatment for patients with iliac artery occlusion and stenosis was safe and effective,with similar early patency rate and peri-operative complications between the two groups.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of the watch peripheral arterial tone (Watch-PAT) in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).METHODSA total of 51 outpatients who had chief complaint of sleep snoring were carried out Watch-PAT test and polysomnography (PSG) simultaneously, and the results were statistically compared.RESULTSFifty one patients, consisted of 44 males and 7 females, had the mean age of (45.7±12.0) years (±s) and the mean body mass index of (28.8±3.6) kg/m2.The mean PSG apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was (45.69±12.02) events per hour, and mean Watch-PAT AHI was (35.49±24.49) events per hour. Significant correlation has been detected between Watch-PAT AHI and PSG AHI (r=0.878,P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of Watch-PAT were 97.73% and 85.71%, when PSG-AHI≥5/h events per hour was setting as the threshold value to diagnose OSAHS. The diagnostic efficiency of Watch-PAT has been tested by ROC curve, and the area under the curve approached to 0.997.CONCLUSIONThe Watch-PAT was proved as a portable and reliable device of screening patients who were suspected OSAHS.

Objective To construct plvx-cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)-DsRed and establish breast cancer cell line MCF7 which overexpressed COX-2, to explore the effect of COX-2 on breast cancer cell.Methods The full-length COX-2 PCR product was obtained by total COX-2 PCR primers and COX-2 cDNA vector.After the PCR product and lentiviral vector plvx-DsRed-Monomer-N1 were cut simultaneously by restriction enzyme BamH1 and Xholl, they were connected and sequenced, to get lentiviral vector plvx-COX-2-DsRed.After selected by puromycin, overexpressed COX-2 breast cancer cell line MCF7-plvx-COX-2-DsRed was obtained.The stable cell line was verified by real time PCR and Western blot.The differences of proliferation ability between stable cell line and normal one were compared by colony formation test and Western blot.Results The lentiviral vector plvx-COX-2-DsRed and stable cell line MCF7-plvx-COX-2-DsRed after selecting were obtained.COX-2 expression level of the stable cell line was 75.29 times as high as that of MCF7, and 64.91 times as high as that of cell line MCF7-plvx-DsRed-Monomer-N1 by PCR assay (P ＜ 0.05), which was consistent with the results of Western blot and microscope photo.MTT results showed that cell line MCF7-plvx-COX-2-DsRed had grown faster than cell line MCF7 and MCF7-plvx-DsRed-Monomer-N1 from the 2nd day (P ＜ 0.05), which was accordant with colony formation assay.MCF7-plvx-COX-2-DsRed cell line had higher c-myc expression and lower β-catenin expression than MCF7 cell and cell line MCF7-plvx-DsRed-Monomer-N1 detected by Western blot relative quantification (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The plvx-COX-2-DsRed lentiviral vector and cell line MCF7-plvx-COX-2-DsRed are successfully constructed.COX-2 can increase proliferation of MCF7 cells through up-regulating the expression of c-myc.

Objective To explore the efficacy of Chen's cholangiojejunostojmy for tumors around biliary-intestinal anastomosis.Methods The clinical data on 11 patients operated from Jan 2012 to Dec 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All these 11 patients underwent Chen's cholangiojejunostomy.The postoperative liver function significantly improved,and the symptoms of jaundice completely disappeared after operation [ALT (182.0 ±110.6) U/L vs (68.3±33.3) U/L,TBil (316.9 ±153.9) μmol/L vs (60.3 ± 25.8) μmol/L,DBil (184.1 ± 89.6) μmol/L vs (28.6 ± 12.4) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01;AST (195.5 ± 206.9) U/L vs (48.6 ± 21.2) U/L,GT (806.7 ± 480.0) U/L vs (204.0 ± 99.1) U/L,ALP (612.8 ±424.6) U/L vs (277.5 ± 68.7) U/L,P ＜ 0.05].The level of CA19-9 also significantly decreased [(1 369.75 ± 1 812.18) kU/L vs (71.0 ± 46.5) kU/L,P ＜ 0.05].There were no significant differences in the CA125,CA15-3,CEA levels [CA125 (35.3 ± 26.0) kU/L vs (29.4 ± 23.5) kU/L,CA15-3 (19.4±12.3) kU/L vs (17.9±10.7) kU/L,CEA (8.4 ±7.7) μg/L vs (7.8 ±6.6) μg/L,P ＞ 0.05].There was no perioperative death.All the patients had a smooth perioperative recovery,except in 1 patient who developed bile leakage and another patient who had episodic attacks of cholangitis.There were no recurrent or metastatic tumors detected on follow-up.Conclusion Chen's cholangiojejunostomy was effective in the treatment of bile duct obstruction caused by tumors around biliary-intestinal anastomosis.