Objective To study the effect application,method,time, and indwelling double J internal tube in the operation of upper urinary tract.Methods The double J of tubes were used as internal drainage and internal stent for 1～2 months in the operation of upper urinary tract in 104 patients with nephrolithiasis, ureteral calculi,PUJ obstruction,megaloureter syndrome and bladder tumor.Result No complications such as wound infection,leakage of urine occurrence after operation.Conclusions The double J tubes had the dual functions of internal sent and internal drainage. The double J tubes can be indwelled easily and safely.

Object The polysaccharide (CDPS) was isolated, purified and identified from Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma, a Chinese materia medica. Methods The polysaccharide was extracted with hot water and precipitated by alcohol. Protein in the precipitates was removed by Sevag method. The products were further purified with column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephacryl S-200. The CDPS was idendified by IR spectrum and UV (200-400 nm) scanning spectrum. Results IR spectrum indicates that there are typical characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides. UV scanning spectrum shows that there are no absorption peaks of protein and nucleic acid at point 280 nm and 260 nm. Conclusion The CDPS was identified as homogeneous one.

A high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of mizoribine in human serum using thiamphenicol as internal standard (IS). The serum samples of mizoribine were precipitated with acetonitrile and separated by HPLC on a reversed phase C18 column with a mobile phase of 0.1% ammonium acetate water solution-methanol (47:53, v/v). Mizoribine and IS were detected in the multiple reaction monitoring mode with precursor/product ion transitions of m/z 258.2/126.0 and 354.1/185.2, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.02-2 microg mL(-1) for mizoribine. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.02 microg mL(-1) with acceptable precision and accuracy. The validated method was successfully applied for the evaluation of a bioequivalence study on Chinese healthy volunteers. The main pharmacokinetics parameters after oral administration of 100 mg mizoribine test or reference formulation were as follows: Cmax (1.00 +/- 0.21), (1.00 +/- 0.22) microg mL(-1); AUC(0-infinity) (6.72 +/- 1.39), (6.48 +/- 1.44) microg h mL(-1); t1/2 (2.77 +/- 0.26), (2.66 +/- 0.29) h; tmax (2.95 +/- 0.78), (2.84 +/- 0.50) h.

Objective:To study the effects of dexamethasone,cyclophosphamide,cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil on the expression of Dectin-1 and TLR2 receptor in RAW264.7 cell line.Methods:In vitro culturing RAW264.7 macrophages ,the cells were given different doses of dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide ,cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetilfor 24 h.The influence of different immunosuppresants on cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.Dectin-1,TLR2 mRNA and protein levels of change were detected with RT-PCR technique and flow cytometry .Results:CCK-8 cell proliferation toxicity experiment results showed that with the increase of the dose of dexamethasone ,cyclophosphamide ,Cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil ,the different degree of inhibi-tion of RAW264.7 cell proliferation in mice can be saw after the intervention of 24 h (P<0.05).After 24 h of dexamethasone stimula-tion,Dectin-1 mRNA and protein level decreased,TLR2 mRNA and protein levels elevated (P<0.05).However cyclophosphamide had no obvious influence on Dectin-1 and TLR2 ( P>0.05 ) .Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporin A could both inhibit the expression of Dectin-1 and TLR2 (P<0.05).Conclusion:There are significant differences among the regulatory functions of various immunosupres -sants on the expression of pattern recognition receptors .Different immunosuppressive agents exert their inhibitory effects on immune rec-ognition process of fungal pathogens not only by selectively regulating their target PRRs expression ,but also by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of macrophages .

BACKGROUND:The laser applied in the clinical oral medicine is mainly for early diagnosis of caries, removal of carious tissue, pulpotomy for pulp bleeding, dentin hypersensitivity treatment, disinfection of infected root canals, and periodontitis treatment. OBJECTIVE:To explore the changes of basic fibroblast growth factor in inflammatory pulp after laser treatment. METHODS:Five healthy adult beagle dogs were enroled, and six teeth were randomly selected from each dog. Then, these teeth were randomly divided into three groups, 10 teeth in a group, and they were treated with laser irradiation, saline and gentamicin irrigation respectively. At days 1, 2, 3 after operation, exudates from the pulp were colected for detection of basic fibroblast growth factor expression. Meanwhile, the dental pulp was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the al three groups, the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor at day 3 was significantly higher than that at days 1 and 2, and there were no differences between days 1 and 2. Moreover, these three groups also showed no significant differences. Under hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining, blood vessels in the pulp cavity were in good condition and the pulp arranged tightly. These findings suggest that the laser is safe, convenient and effective for oral clinical application, and has no injury to the inflammatory pulp.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of mycobacterium tuberculosis determination by culture and microscopy assay from sputum specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods The sputum specimens were dyed with the Ziehl-Neelsen anti-acid dyeing direct microscopy and examined by BACTEC-TB 960 culture system.Results The positive rate of culture and microscopy were 36.6% and 24.6%,the difference in the positive rate between the two methods was significant(P

Objective Acquiring genetic information of Y-SNPs and Y-STRs genetic makers from samples with the surname of Kong, which is useful for exploring the correlation between surname and Y chromosome in forensic applications studies.Methods Two multiplex genotyping assays and SNaPshot assay were used to analyze 255 unrelated male blood samples who share the same surname Kong and 330 unrelated male blood samples obtained randomly. 17 Y-STRs were typed for the surname Kong population samples. The software Arlequin 3.5.1.2 and the program Network 4.6.1.1 were used for data statistical analysis.Results 13 haplogroups were observed. The highest haplogroup frequency in the two populations were O3a2c1a-M117 (21.57%, 14.85%). 196 haplotypes in Kong population deifned by 17 Y-STRs locus were obtained and the haplotype diversity was 0.9939. 14-12-25-28-19-15-12-19-12-11-12-22-12-11-14-10-19 is the typical haplotype. Median Joining algorithm and Mismatch Distribution were adopted to analyze the Y-STR haplotye under haplogroup O3-M122, and the result shows that there are two “central star” distribution. Conclusion Combined with Y-SNP and Y-STR analysis showed that the Kong population had experienced complicated exchanges and expansion or continued growth, which has more than one surname origin. Hence, its population genetic structure and historical differences have potential applications in forensic science.

Objective To investigate the effects of original antigenic sin caused by previous expo-sure to influenza A virus subtype H1N1 on the immune response to inactivated H5N1 vaccine. Methods In this study, the BALB/c mice were first infected with A/PR8 (H1N1) virus or immunized with inactivated vaccine to induce immune responses against the A/PR8 virus. Then they were injected once with inactivated H5N1 vaccine at dosages of 0. 01μg, 0. 1μg and 1μg, respectively. The levels of IgG and neutralizing an-tibodies in serum samples were detected after immunization. Four weeks after immunization, the mice were challenged with a lethal dose of H5N1 virus. Some indicators including the survival rate, body weight loss and residue virus titer in lung were recorded for further evaluation. Results The pre-existing anti-A/PR8 antibodies in mice didn′t alleviate the immune responses to inactivated H5N1 vaccine. Conclusion This study indicates that the original antigenic sin associated with the previous exposure to A/PR8 virus has no significant effect on the immune efficacy of H5N1 vaccine.

Objective To investigate the relationship between job burnout and psychological health diathesis of the senior medical workers in Tianjin.Methods 263 medical workers were tested by Psychological Health Diathesis Scale (PHDS) and Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMB[).Results (1) Total detection rate of burnout was 69.3％.Detection rate of mild burnout was 43.0％,moderate 20.2％,and severe 6.1％.(2) Explain rate of self-concept and emotionality to the job burnout was 31.5％.Conclusion Job burnout is prevalent in the senior medical workers in Tianjin.Emotionality,interpersonal diathesis and self-concept,to some extent,can forecast job burnout.

The stratum corneum barrier and the other issues in transdermal drug delivery system have attracted more and more at-tention, and the novel liposomes as the drug delivery vehicles effectively solve the problems. The novel liposomes can significantly im-prove transdermal drug penetration, therefore, can enhance efficacy and shows high application value and development prospects. In the paper, combined with some domestic and foreign current researches, the classification, penetration mechanisms and application of the novel liposomes were reviewed.