Astroglia is the first cell type in the central nervous system to encounter insult after brain ischemia. Then ischemia stimulates hypertrophic and proliferative changes in astroglia and induces it produce inflammatory factors involved in the initiation of immunologic cascade. The expression of these cytokines which interact in the central nervous system can both damage and protect the brain tissue. Therefore, it is important to study astroglia and cytokines in order to find a new way to reduce inflammation insults after brain ischemia.

Accidents, Occupational ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning

Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; epidemiology

Objective Abstract: Objective To study the intestinal bacterial translocation and changs in endotoxin level of portal vein blood after hepatic inflow blocking. Methods Under aseptic condition, mechanically blocking of the hepatoduodenal ligement was adopted in rabbit model, both endotoxin level of the portal blood and positive bacterial cultures in the mensenteric lymph nodes were observed at 15, 20, 30 and 60 min respectively after the blocking. Results Both endotoxin level and positive bacterial cultures increased significantly (P

OBJECTIVETo discuss the modes for smooth progress of ADR monitoring under the new Measures for the Administration of Adverse Drug Reaction Report and Monitoring.

METHODWork modes for ADR monitoring in drug manufacturers were explored by explaining the new Measures and analyzing current state and constrains.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONAs there is a larger gap between the requirements of new Measures and current status, it is difficult for drug manufacturers to meet all the requirements in short-term. Therefore, drug manufacturers are suggested to gradually complete ADR monitoring under the mode of one platform and four expansions, and thereby finally meeting the requirements of new Measures and fulfilling their duties and missions.

Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablet (TLXNET) is a patented prescription, which comes from modified Xionggui decoction and can improve cognitive function. However, its effect on the urine metabolites and anti-dementia mechanism in the dementia model rats induced by hippocampal injection with Aβ25-35 remains unclear. The experiment focused on the changes in trajectory and inter-relationship among the urinary metabolite of rats in the blank group, Aβ25-35 hippocampal injection dementia model group and the TLXNET intervention group, in order to determine theirs characteristic metabolic markers and explain the anti-dementia effect of TLX-NET base on the change of metabolic trajectory of these bio-markers. According to the experimental results, 5, 6-indolequinone, 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid (4-HPPA), cortisol and 3-thiosulfate lactic were preliminarily identified as the characteristic metabolic markers. They mainly participate in dopamine system, glucocorticoids and energy metabolic pathways. TLXNET can apparently downregulate the disturbances of metabolic trajectory of the four bio-markers. The experiment indicates that the dementia model induced by injecting Aβ25-3 into hippocampus has its characteristic endogenous metabolic markers in urine, and ELXNET can ameliorate dementia by down-regulating the disturbances of metabolic trajectory.
Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Dementia ; drug therapy ; urine ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tablets ; administration & dosage ; Urine ; chemistry

In order to solve the adhesion and the softening problems of traditional Chinese medicine extract during spray drying, a new method of adding dehumidified air into spray drying process was proposed, and the storage stability conditions of extract powder could be predicted. Kouyanqing extract was taken as model drug to investigate on the wet air (RH = 70%) and dry air conditions of spray drying. Under the dry air condition, the influence of the spray drying result with different air compression ratio and the spray-dried powder properties (extract powder recovery rate, adhesion percentage, water content, angle of repose, compression ratio, particle size and distribution) with 100, 110, 120, 130, 140 °C inlet temperature were studied. The hygroscopic investigation and Tg value with different moisture content of ideal powder were determined. The water activity-equilibrium moisture content (aw-EMC) and the equilibrium moisture content-Tg (EMC-Tg) relationships were fitted by GAB equation and Gordon-Taylor model respectively, and the state diagram of kouyanqing powder was obtained to guide the rational storage conditions. The study found that in the condition of dry air, the extract powder water content decreased with the increase of air compression ratio and the spray drying effect with air compression ratio of 100% was the best performance; in the condition of wet air, the extract powder with high water content and low yield, and the value were 4.26% and 16.73 °C, while, in the dry air condition the values were 2.43% and 24.86 °C with the same other instru- ment parameters. From the analysis of kouyanqing powder state diagram, in order to keep the stability, the critical water content of 3.42% and the critical water content of 0.188. As the water decreased Tg value of extract powder is the major problem of causing adhesion and softening during spray drying, it is meaningful to aid dehumidified air during the process.
Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humidity ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Powders ; Temperature

Objective: By observing the differences in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores in moxibustion treatment for moderate-to-severe primary knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with moxa of different storage years (3-year moxa and 1-year moxa from Qichun, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, China) through a randomized clinical trial, to objectively evaluate the differences in therapeutic efficacy of moxibustion with moxa of different storage years. Methods: A total of 63 patients with moderate-to-severe KOA who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into moxibustion group 1 and moxibustion group 2 by central randomization method, with 32 cases in moxibustion group 1 and 31 cases in moxibustion group 2. Moxibustion group 1 was treated with moxa stored for 3 years, and moxibustion group 2 was treated with moxa stored for 1 year. Dubi (ST 35), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4) and Heding (EX-LE 2) were selected in both groups, and the treatment lasted 20 min per time, 3 times a week. The immediate efficacy was compared after 6 times of treatment, and long-term efficacy was compared at follow-up 4 weeks after the end of treatment. Results: During the treatment, there were 2 dropouts in moxibustion group 1, and 1 dropout in moxibustion group 2. The total effective rate in the two groups was 83.3％ and 60.0％, respectively. Followed up at 4 weeks after the end of treatment, the total effective rate in the two groups was 80.0％ and 66.7％, respectively. There were no statistical differences between the two groups (both P>0.05). After treatment and 4 weeks after the end of treatment, the WOMAC and VAS scores in both groups decreased significantly compared with those before treatment (all P<0.01); the scores of stiffness item of WOMAC in moxibustion group 1 were lower than those in moxibustion group 2 (both P<0.05); there were no statistical differences in the scores of pain item and dysfunction item of WOMAC, and VAS scores between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Moxibustion with moxa of different storage years (stored for 3 years and 1 year) both can improve the pain, stiffness and motor function in patients with moderate-to-severe KOA. While moxa stored for 3 years has a better therapeutic efficacy in improving stiffness of the knee joint than that stored for 1 year.

AIM To observe the endometrium receptivity of polycystic ovary syndrome patients and research advance of expression of HOXA10 in endometrium.METHODS Eighty PCOS patients were divided into treatment group and control group,40 persons in each group randomly.The control group was treated with clomiphene (CC) + human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG),and the treatment group was treated with CC + HMG + HCG + Yin-Nourishing Yang-Supplementing.After 3 periods,take a record for below:endometrial thickness (Em) in the middle,advanced stage and mid-secretory phase of hyperplasia endometrii,the levels of spiral artery PI/RI in midluteum endometrium,the levels in serum of E2 and P in midluteum endometrium,the expression of HOXA10 mRNA from both groups,clinical pregnancy rate and abortion rate for each group.RESULTS Compared with the control group,endometrial thickness in the treatment group was increased and there is statistical difference in the middle and late follicle phases (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistical difference in midluteum endometrium (P ＞ 0.05);the level of E2 and P in the treatment group were raised (P ＜0.05) with statistical significance;PI and RI were obviously contracted (P ＜ 0.01).Expression of HOXA10 mRNA was increased (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,the treatment group had a significant difference in pregnancy rate (P ＜ 0.05).The abortion rate was lower,but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION Yin-Nourishing Yang-Supplementing Treatment can obtain higher pregnancy rate and lower abortion rate of PCOS patients and the mechanism might be associated with raising the expression of HOXA10 mRNA and reducing spiral artery PI/RI,also improving the function of corpus luteum treatment,then to improve the receptivity of endometrium.Yin-Nourishing Yang-Supplementing Treatment is well worth popularizing in further clinical application.

Objective To explore the influence of montelukast on plasma nitric oxide in preschool children with asthma.Methods Forty-four preschool children with asthma aged 2-5 years who firstly met a criterion of asthma and treated 4 weeks with montelukast were investigated;and nitric oxide levels of plasma were inspected respectively before treatment and after treatment 1 week,4 weeks.Results The level of nitric oxide in the plasma of asthmatic children was obviously higher than that in normal control group(P