Objective To study the protective effects of anisodamine (ADM) on ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in rats. Methods After anesthesia was induced and tracheostomy was performed, 36 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: control group (group A, VT=8ml/kg); injury group (group B), in which the animals received mechanical ventilation with large tidal volume (VT=40ml/kg); and ADM protective group (group C), in which the animals received the same amount of tidal volume and same respiratory rate with mechanical ventilation as in group B, but were pre-treated with ADM (15mg/kg?iV) at 24h, 12h, 0h time points before ventilation. Arterial blood gases were measured every one hour, and neutrophils in bronchoalveolor lavage fluid (BALF) were counted. Wet to dry (W/D) weight ratio of left lung was determined, and the content of TNF-? and IL-1? in BALF and blood, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the pulmonary tissue and blood were measured respectively. The histopathological changes in pulmonary tissues in the three groups were compared. Results The oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) of the animals in group B was significantly lower than that in group A and C, and the BALF neutrophil count was remarkably increased in group B. W/D value of group B was significantly higher than that of group A and C. The levels of TNF-?, IL-1? in BALF were remarkably increased in group B , but decreased in group C . MDA levels in pulmonary tissue and blood in group C were lower than that of group B, but SOD level in group C was significantly higher than that of group B. Histopathologic findings demonstrated there were more neutrophil infiltration and destructive change in the alveolar wall in group B than in other groups. Conclusion ADM appears to have obvious protective effects on VILI through anti-inflammation and antioxidation.

Animals ; Caudate Nucleus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Dopamine Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Substantia Nigra ; drug effects ; physiology

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Urinary Tract Infections ; etiology ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux ; complications ; epidemiology

Ethmoid Bone ; injuries ; Facial Bones ; injuries ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; injuries ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Skull Fractures ; surgery

Objective To observe the effect of Zhuyun Capsule(Pregnant-promoting Capsule)on serum sex hormone and expres- sion of ovarian cytokine of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)rats.Methods Progestogen plus human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)was adopted to make PCOS rat models.Totally 40 SD rats were randomized into control group,PCOS model group,Zhuyun Capsule group,and clomiphene citrate group with 10 in each.Radioimmune assay(RIA)was used to measure the sex hormone and immunohistochemical test was done to measure the expression of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)of ovarian tissue,insulin-like growth factors-1(IGF-1),and leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF)to analyze the relations among these factors.Results Zhuyun Capsule could reduce greatly serum testosterone(T)and luteinizing hormone(LH),decrease expression of TNF-?and IGF-1,but increase expres- sion of LIF.Conclusion Zhuyun Capsule could regulate endocrine function and expression of ovarian cytokine to improve gonad func- tions of PCOS rats and to promote the maturation of follicle and ovulation.

Objective:To investigate the monitoring value of echocardiography for atrial septostomy during the treatment of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).Methods:Sixteen patients underwent atrial septostomy during the treatment of ECMO in Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital from Jan.2017 to Dec.2019 were included. The diameter of the ostomy, the direction of interatrial shunt, the tricuspid regurgitation degree and the pulmonary artery pressure were measured by echocardiography daily after atrial septostomy.Results:There were no significant differences in the diameter of the ostomy in 16 patients(the range of coefficient of variation 0.86%-4.77%). The direction of interatrial shunt changed gradually from right - left atrial shunt to left - right atrial shunt. Pulmonary arterial pressure decreased gradually(the range of coefficient of variation 14.70%-32.13%) as estimated by tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient.Conclusions:Atrial septostomy is an effective measure to relieve right heart pressure and improve right heart function in patients with ECMO. The echocardiography can be helpful for the monitoring of atrial septostomy.

ObjectiveTo research a way to verify whether the stomach duct is misplaced into the trachea.MethodsThe air pressure of the stomach duct placed in the stomach or in the trachea were measured using a water bottle.ResultsThe air pressure of the stomach duct was (1±0.45)cmH2O When it was put in the stomach, and was (7±2.03)cmH2O when it was put in the trachea(P<0.01).ConclusionsWhen it is impossible to draw out acerbic substances from the stomach to verify whether the stomach duct is placed in the stomach or misplaced in the trachea, measure the air pressure stomach duct by a water bottle can be used as substitute, which is reliable and convenient.

Objective To investigate the effects of RO20-1724 on repetitive ketamine administration-induced learning and memory impairment in immature rats.Methods Forty-eight 21-day-old SD rats of both sexes weighing 45-55 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =12 each):control group(group C); ketamine group (group K); ketamine + RO20-1724 group (group K+ R) and ketamine + vehicle (ethanol) group (group K+ A).Ketamine 70 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally (IP) once a day for 7 consecutive days in groups K,K+ R and K+ A.RO20-1724 0.5 mg/kg and equal volume of ethanol were injected IP at 30 min after IP ketamine once a day for 7 consecutive day in groups K + R and K + A respectively.Morris water maze test was used to assess learning and memory ability.The escape latency and the number of times of passing the safe zone were recorded.The animals were killed after water maze test and their brains removed for microscopic examination of hippocampus and determination of p-CREB protein expression in hippocampus (by Western blot).Results Repetitive ketamine administration significantly prolonged the escape latency,decreased the number of times of passing the safe zone and down-regulated the expression of p-CREB protein in hippocampus on the 3rd and 4th day in group K as compared with group C.RO20-1724 significantly attenuated the above changes induced by repetitive ketamine administration in group K + R as compared with group K.Electron microscopic examination showed that RO20-1724 significantly ameliorated repetitive ketamine administration-induced hippocampal neuronal damage.Conclusion RO20-1724 can ameliorate cognitive dysfunction induced by repetitive ketamine administration.Up-regulation of cAMP /CREB signaling pathway is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effect of nifedipine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) in rats and the possible mechanism. Methods Forty-two male SD rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 14 animals in each group: sham operation group (group S); I/R group and I/R + nifedipine group (group N). The renal ischemia was induced by occlusion of bilateral renal arteries and veins for 45 min followed by reperfusion. In group S the renal arteries and veins were only exposed but not occluded. In group N, nifedipine 0.1 mg/kg was injected via the tail vein 15 min before ischemia and 15 min before reperfusion, while the equal volume of solvent was given in group I/R. The urine was collected to detect the N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide (NAG) activities at 6 and 24 h of reperfusion. Arterial blood samples were taken at 6 and 24 h reperfusion for determination of concentrations of serum creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO. The rats were then sacrificed and the kidney was removed to detect the apoptotic cells in renal cortex and expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and endothelin- 1 (ET-1). Results The concentrations of serum Cr and MDA, NAG activity, expression of HSP70 and ET-1 and apoptosis rate were significantly increased in group I/R compared with group S (P ＜0.05). The concentrations of serum Cr and MDA, NAG activity, ET-1 expression and apoptosis rate were significantly decreased, while the serum NO concentration was significantly increased in group N compared with group I/R (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Nifedipine can attenuate renal I/R injury and the underlying mechanism may be related to the inhibition of ET-1 expression.

Objective To investigate the relationship between urine IgG of the first hospitalized children suffered allergic purpura and recurrence within one year. Methods Used immunoturbidimetry to determine acute-stage and convalescent urine IgG of 43 children suffered allergic purpura in the first hospitalized and no recurrence within one year (no recurrence group), and of 29 children suffered allergic purpura and recurrence within one year (recurrence group), and of 28 hospitalized children suffered primary nephrotic syndrome during the corresponding time period before hormonal therapy (nephrotie syndrome group), and of 30 children done medical examination in out-patient clinic (control group), then analyzed.Results There was no significant difference of the urine IgG level in acute-stage between no recurrence group [(1.391± 0.743) g/L] and recurrence group [(1.474 ±0.658) g/L](P>0.05), while they were all lower than that in recurrence group [(2.808 ± 0.683) g/L] (P < 0.01). The level of convalescent urine IgG in nephrotic syndrome group [(0.202 ± 0.154) g/L] was obviously higher than that in no recurrence group [(0.115 ±0.103) g/L] and control group [(0.109 ±0.098) g/L](P<0.05). Conclusion Urine IgG is a significant index to judge the activity and recurrence and prognosis of pedo-allergie purpura.