objective To observe the differences between four- and single-channel recording of normal multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP). Methods mfVEP of 35 health individuals (70 eyes) were detected by both four- and single-channel recording with VERIS apparatus. The root mean square (RMS) value of reactive amplitude was obtained from the results of the two kinds of recording. Each stimulated patch was analyzed to compare the variational degree of each patch between the two recording methods. Responases asymmetry coefficient (RAC) was introduced to evaluate the symmetry property between the two eyes in an individual. Results Compared with the single-channel recording,the responses of the stimulated patches of the four-channel recording were increased statistically, with most of the patches below the horizontal meridian and some of patches in the upper field, and there was distinct symmetry property between the two eyes in the same individual recorded by four-channel recording. Conclusion The four-channel recording is better than the single one and could be clinically applied and popularized.

Base Sequence ; DNA ; chemistry ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; metabolism ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nanostructures ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods

Communicable Diseases ; genetics ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; Humans ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Precision Medicine ; methods ; trends

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To observe the effect and safety of hemabat(H)on prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean section and after cesarean section in high risk pregnant women.Methods Four hundred and sixty-nine pregnant women with high hemorrhagic risk factors including twin pregnancy, polyhydramnios,fetal macrosomia,placenta previa were planned cesarean section.A total of 457 pregnant women were divided into 3 groups by operation indications.There were 239 cases of fetal macrosomia,145 cases of twin pregnancy and polyhydramnios,and 73 cases of placenta previa.Three kinds of hysterotonics were used randomly in each group.Group oxytocin(O):20 U oxytocin injected into the uterine plus 20 U oxytocin intravascularly,152 women;Group oxytocin+hemabate(O+H):20 U oxytocin and 250?g hemabat injected into the uterine,192 women;group H:250 p,g hemabat,injected into the uterine,125 women.The amount of bleeding during the operation and within 2-hour after delivery were measured.The side effect of each group was observed.Results The amount of bleeding during cesarean section in group O was(445?262)ml,in group O+H(33?218)ml,and in group H(375?265)ml.There was an extremely significant difference between group O and group O+H(P

BACKGROUND:Scientists began to use stem cells to treat Alzheimer’s disease since human beings achieved embryonic stem cells successful y in 1998.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in stem cells treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.
METHODS:An online search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for articles published from 1998 to 2012 (CNKI) using key words of“Alzheimer’s disease, stem cells, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells”in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles were included which related to Alzheimer’s disease, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, and for articles in the same field, those published recently or in authorized journals were selected. A total of 85 articles were searched. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 were included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The possible mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease include differentiation of neural-like cells, secretion of nutrition factor, improvement of endogenous repair, stimulation of vascular regeneration and action on inflammatory cells. This review highlighted research status of neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. There were advantages and disadvantages for al of them. The low immunogenicity and oncogenicity of neural stem cells are advantages, but limited source reduces their application. Mesenchymal stem cells also have low immunogenicity and oncogenicity, but their differentiation potential is not good as embryonic stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells also have many unsolved problems, but they have been regarded as promising stem cells.

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the infection characteristic of Toxoplasma gondii (TOX),Rubella virus (RV),Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes simplex virus Ⅱ type (HSV-Ⅱ) (TORCH) infection in neonate in Tianjin area.Methods TOX-IgM/IgG,RV-IgM/IgG,CMV-IgM/IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgM/IgG were detected in serum of 2 273 neonate during 2015～2016 with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The positive rates of TOX IgM,RV-IgM,CMV-IgM and HSV-Ⅱ-IgM were 0.00％(0/2 273),0.00％(0/2 273),0.88％(20/2 273) and 0.00％(0/2 273),respectively and those of TOX-IgG,RV-IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgG were 3.65％ (83/2 273),86.45％ (1 965/2 273),95.82％(2 178/2 273) and 8.27％(188/2 273),respectively.There was 0.66％ percent (15/2 273) of examinees who were infected by none of TORCH pathogens.There existed significant statistical difference for positive rate between TOX-IgG,RV-IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgG (x2 =6.747,P =0.000) with consequence of the highest positive rate being CMV-IgG.The positive rates of TOX-IgG and CMV-IgM in neonate of 2016 were significantly less than those in 2015 (x2 =5.789～7.505,P=0.006～0.016) but that of HSV-Ⅱ-IgG of 2016 was statistically higher than that in 2015 (x2 =6.073,P =0.014).The positive rate of CMV-IgM in male neonate in 2015 was significantly higher than that in 2016 (x2 =5.054,P =0.025).As a whole the positive rates of TOX-IgG,RV-IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ IgG had no differences between different years,so did those between gender groups (x2 =2.23～6.963,P=0.073～0.526).The positive rates of TOX-IgG,RV IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgG in female neonate in 2015 were statistically different from those in 2016 (x2 =8.247,P =0.041).The female neonate in 2015 had higher infection proportion of TOX-IgG compared with that in 2016 (x2 =6.992,P=0.008).TORCH infection detected in 2 273 cases of neonate had one pathogen infection and multi-pathogen infection with overall six patterns of TORCH infection and all infection patterns had no relationship with year and gender,respectively (P＞0.05).Conclusion RV and CMV were primary pathogens in TORCH infection for neonate in Tianjin area and there were recent infections by CMV.TORCH infection varied in different years and gender groups,which provided experimental data and basis for epidemiology and prevention of TORCH in neonate.

Analysis was conducted on the reason and countermeasures for problems such as un stable research direction in the medical law discipline construction,shortage of teachers and academic team,poor results of scientific research and unpractical personnel training.Strengthening the discipline construction of medical law,firstly we should attach great importance to it and unify the recognition,ensuring that the discipline of medical law can be dcvcloped healthily and within standard ; secondly we should strengthen the construction of discipline content and improve construction level of medical law; thirdly we should combine medicine with law,cultivating high-leveled talents.

Objective To investigate the discharge outcome and its clinical influential factors of acute poisoning in children, and to provide the clinical references for prevention. Methods Questionaire about acute poisoning in children made by the research group,the hospitalized children and the influential factors were analyzed according to the outcome. Results Among 168 cases of acute poisoning hospitalized children,the curative rate was 80.95%, 16 cases(9.52%) were improved,6 cases (3.57%)were quitted,1.20% was ' not curative' and 4. 76% died. The factors including age,treatment time, route of entry, varieties of poison, medical examination of admission were statistically associated with the discharge outcome.Conclusion The outcome can be improved through an intensive nurse of the children under the age of three and early treatment. The cases who were not poisoned by the invasion of gastrointestinal tract,paraquat poisoning,and those with abnormalities of breathing, pupilla, awareness in medical examination of admission would have poor discharge outcomes, and should be monitored closely and treated timely.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of adult form nemaline myopathy. Methods Biopsied muscle specimens from two patients were observed using enzymatic histochemical method and electron microscope. Results These two patients were found with an initial onset from neck muscle weakness at the age of 52 and 36 years respectively, followed by trunk and limb muscle involvement to a variant degree. Type Ⅰ fiber atrophy and numerous granules (rod) were found in both patients in light microscopy. In case 1, the centralized nuclei were seen almost in all normal sized muscle fibers. Electron microscopic observation showed marked myofibril disorganization and numerous rod-like formations. Two inclusion-carrying nuclei were detected in case 1. The intranuclear inclusion showed a lattice pattern of Z-disc line or sarcoplasmic rod. Conclusions Adult form nemaline myopathy is clinically nonspecific. Rod-like structures might be found either in sarcoplasma or in nucleus. Centralized nuclei might coexist with rods in adult form nemaline myopathy. As compared to the child form, the adult one might often show a marked muscle fiber atrophy.