Saliva and samples containing saliva were regarded as a kind of potential biological trace evidencefor individual identification in forensic science practice. In this paper, the authors have studied theDNA analysis of saliva and saliva containing samples. The results demonstrated that DNA can be extracted from saliva and saliva-containing samples. RFLPs analysis by DNA fingerprinting and PCRbased typing can be performed according to the amount of DNA extracted from these samples.

Objective To study the protective effects of propofol against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat lung. Methods Rat model of pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury was used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into three groups, including sham opera-tion group (group A), iachemia/reperfusion group (group B) and propofol group (group C), 15 rats in each group. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor -α and interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then blood gas analysis, lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio were detected in each group. Results Propofol could significantly improve PaO2, reduce the W/D value and the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF. Conclusion Propofol effectively suppressed the pro-duction and release of inflammatory cytokine, therefore it can protect the lung from isehemia/reperfusion injury.

Basic skills for use of library is the initial course of information literacy teaching system in our universi-ty. Two years have been past since its teaching reform from 2014, namely classroom teaching in combination with project practice. The connotation and model of project teaching method were thus described in this paper with stress laid on its implementation and adjustment. Project teaching method achieved excellent results in the past two years, which were highly appraised by the teaching administration departments, teachers and students whose information literacy was effectively improved.

Danhong injection is a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius, and has been widely applied in treating coronary heart diseases and ischemic encephalopathy in clinic. Despite the complexity of its chemical compounds and the diversity of targets, especially in system biology, there have not a report for its action mechanism as a whole regulatory biological network. In this study, protein data of S. miltiorrhiza and C. tinctorius were searched in TCMGeneDIT database and agilent literature search (ALS) system to establish the multi-component protein network of S. miltiorrhiza, C. tinctorius and Danhong injection. Besides, the protein interaction network was built based on the protein-protein interaction in Genecards, BIND, BioGRID, IntAct, MINT and other databases. According to the findings, 10 compounds of S. miltiorrhiza and 14 compounds of C. tinctorius were correlated with proteins. The 24 common compounds had interactions with 81 proteins, and formed a protein interaction network with 60 none-isolated nodes. The Cluster ONE module was applied to make an enrichment analysis on the protein interaction network and extract one sub-network with significant difference P <0.05. The sub-network contains 23 key proteins, which involved five signaling pathways, namely Nod-like receptor signaling pathway, epithelial cell signaling in helicobacter pylori infection, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway and neurotrophin signaling pathway through KEGG signaling pathway mapping. In this study, the computational system biology approach was adopted to preliminarily explain the molecular mechanism of main compounds of Danhong injection in preventing and treating diseases and provide reference for systematic studies on traditional Chinese medicine compounds.
Computational Biology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Injections ; Protein Interaction Maps ; Signal Transduction

Objective To analyze the effect of conductive education combined with massage on activity of children with severe cerebral palsy. Methods 11 children (7 males and 4 females) with cerebral palsy receiving rehabilitation therapies in CereCare Wellness Centre of Xuhui, Shanghai from April to October 2010 were enrolled in this study. The type of cerebral palsy was as follows: 7 tetraplegia, 1 diplegia,2 athetoid, and 1 dystonia. The average age was 7.47 years, ranging from 4.7～11.9 years. The participants were divided randomly into 2groups. 5 children in group A accepted conductive education and massage therapy in the first 3 months, and then accepted routine rehabilitation therapies in the next 3 months. 6 children in group B accepted routine rehabilitation therapies in the first 3 months, and then accepted conductive education and massage therapy in the next 3 months. The phase of conductive education combined with massage was called intervention period, and the phase of routine rehabilitation therapies was called contrast period. The gross motor function was assessed with Gross Motor Function Measure Scale (GMFM), while the fine motor function was assessed with Fine Motor Function Measure Scale (FMFM).Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) was used to assess activities of daily living. The different effects between conductive education combined with massage and routine rehabilitation therapies were compared. Results The scores of GMFM and FMFM both increased in intervention period, while both decreased in contrast period. The score of FMFM increased significantly (P<0.05). The scores of PEDI changed without statistical significance. Conclusion Conductive education combined with massage may increase the fine motor function of children with severe cerebral palsy compared with routine rehabilitation therapies.

To establish the online two-dimensional liquid chromatography by using double gradient liquid chromatography system and UV detector, in order to simultaneously determine the content of paeoniflorin, paenol, amygdaloside and cinnamic acid. A pump of the two-dimensional liquid chromatography was adopted as the one-dimensional separation pump. C18 (3.0 mm x 150 mm, 3 microm) was used as the analytical column, with acetonitrile as the organic phase and 0.08% phosphoric acid + 0.08% triethylamine as the aqueous phase for gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). Another pump of the two-dimensional liquid chromatography was adopted as the two-dimensional separation pump. PAII C18 was used as the analytical column, with acetonitrile as the organic phase and 20 mmol, pH 3.0 monopotassium phosphate as the aqueous phase for gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelengths were set at 218, 230, 275 nm by using wavelength time-switching program. The linearity range of paeoniflorin, amygdaloside, paeonol and cinnamic acid were 5.55-222 (r = 0.999 7), 6.6-264 (r = 0.999 8), 3.3-132 (r = 0.999 5) and 0.315-12.6 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 7), respectively. The average recoveries of the four components were between 96.12% and 103.9%. The experiment proved that this method was so rapid and accurate in determination results that it could be used for evaluating drug quality.
Capsules ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Online Systems ; Time Factors

Objective To explore vascular smooth muscle cell(SMC) proliferation and cell apoptosis during the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA). Methods The animal model of AAA was established in Wistar rats and the specimens were harvested at the 3rd day,and 1、2、3 and 4 week after the model initiation. In situ end-labeling of DNA fragments (TUNEL) was used to detect SMC apoptosis and immunohistochemical staining was applied to investigate the expression of SMC apoptosis markers(bcl-2,bax),proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and ?-actin. Results TUNEL-positive and PCNA-positive SMC reached the maximum at 2～3 week and 1 week respectively;The count of TUNEL-positive SMC was less than PCNA-positive SMC during the period of day 3 to 1 week and that was vice versa from 2nd to 4th week with SMC amount significantly decreased;Bcl-2 and bax protein was strongly expressed at 1 week and 3 week after operation(all P

Due to its effect of systems regulation and promotion on body, Ginseng is always referred to be long-term used as a dietary supplement. But it was still unclear about its target of the tonic effects and also the side-effects long-term use may bring. Urine metabolomic method is suitable for long-term studies of pharmaco-dynamics, pharmacology and toxicology of traditional Chinese medicine because of its characteristics of non-invasive and monitoring the whole-body metabolism. This study was designed to detect the dynamic variation of rat urine metabolome along with a long-term administration of total ginsenosides using GC-TOF based metabolomic technology. Our result showed that either short-term or chronic administration of ginsenosides did not impact the rat urine metabolome significantly (as the PCA subgroup was not successful). By comparison, the short-term (1-3 w) dose of ginsenosides had the biggest metabolic influence including TCA cycle, catecholamines and neurotransmitter amino acids. Medium-term (6-10 w) dose had a gradually lower effect and long-term (27 w) dose almost had no effect. Our study indicates that both short and long-term administration of ginsenosides showed almost no obvious side-effect on the experimental animals.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; metabolism ; urine ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Panax ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Time Factors

Objective:To investigate clinical features of distant metastases ( DM ) and analyze clinico-pathologic risk factors associated with DM from salivary gland carcinomas after being treated by surgery combined with 125 I internal brachytherapy. Methods: Between October 2001 and March 2010, 197 pa-tients with salivary gland carcinoma were treated by surgery combined with 125 I internal brachytherapy and had follow-up for 2 years or more. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate clini-copathologic risk factors that might influence the risk of distant metastases. Results:DM occurred in 28 of 197 patients (14. 2%). The commonest site of distant metastases overall was the lung 89. 3% (25/28), followed by bones 17. 9% (5/28) and liver (4/28). DM developed after an average interval of (44. 2 ± 45. 8) months from the time of initial diagnosis, and the mean interval was 64 months. The average time to death after the diagnosis of DM was only (9. 7 ± 13. 4) months, and the mean time was 12 months. The 3-year locoregional control rate and survival rate were 90. 8%, and 87. 8% respectively,and the 5-year ones 84. 0% and 81. 0%, respectively. Univariate analyses revealed that the risk of distant metasta-ses was significantly influenced by locoregional tumor failure (F=26. 997,P<0. 01) and histologic dif-ferentiation (F=1. 592,P<0. 01). Multivariate analysis of freedom from distant metastases revealed that locoregional control (F=29. 332,P<0. 01) significantly influenced this end point. Conclusion: Sali-vary gland carcinoma could achieve high local control rate after being treated by surgery combined with 125 I internal brachytherapy, and the average interval from diagnosis to DM was prolonged, DM was signifi-cantly influenced bylocoregional control.

Objective: To investigate clinical features of distant metastases from malignant salivary gland carcinomas after treated by 125I internal brachy therapy alone.Methods: Between 2002 and 2010, 43 patients with locally advanced unresectable or recurrent malignant salivary gland carcinomas were treated by 125I internal brachy therapy alone at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology.All of them had been follow-up at least 2 years.The primary sites of malignant salivary gland carcinomas were the parotid for 12 patients, infratemporal fossa for 9 patients, tongue for 7 patients, maxilla for 6 patients, parapharyngeal for 4 patients, floor of months for 3 patients, submandibular gland for 1 patient, and lip for 1 patient.The overall survival rate, local control rate, and distant metastases were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Distant metastases occurred in 23 of the 43 patients (53.5%).Distant metastases developed from 5 to 96 months, with an average interval of (27.0±23.7) months from the time of initial diagnosis, the mean interval was 21 months.The commonest site of distant metastases overall was the lung 69.6%(16/23).The most common pathological types of distant metastases were adenoid cystic carcinoma (14/23, 60.9%) and nonspecific adenocarcinoma (7/23, 30.4%).At the time of the last follow-up, 26 patients died, and 18 of them due to distant metastases (69.2%, 18/26).In the study, 27 patients got complete remission(CR), 12 got partial remission(PR) more than 50%, 2 less than 50%, and 2 patients were invalid.The effective rate (CR+ PR) was 90.7%.The 3 year loco-regional control rate and survival rate were 60.1%, 82.6%, respectively, and the 5 year's 53.4% and 56.0%.Conclusion: The 125I brachy therapy is a feasible and effective modality for the treatment of locally advanced unresectable or recurrent malignant salivary gland carcinomas.However, further studies are needed with larger numbers of patients and for a longer follow-up assessment.Distant metastasis was the main cause of treatment failure, and the lung was the most common site of distant metastases.