Objective To understand the main and multiple kinds of diseases and probe into key points of diseases for hospice care in geriatric nursing organization in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai city. Methods Pareto chart wag used to analyze situation on disease component of deathbed-patients discharged from 22 geriatric nursing organizations from years 2005 to 2007 in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. Results Components of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory system disease, finale malignancy and senile decrepitude were accounted more than 95%.Conclusions Kinds of diseases in deathbed-patients discharged from nursing organizations in city were relatively concentrated, especially cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory system disease, finale malignancy and senile decrepitude, etc should be focal point of hospice care service in geriatric nursing organizations.

Objective To investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods COPD patients and controls were divided into three groups: COPD group (n=66), smoker control group (n=42) and health control group (n=23). COPD group was further divided into the serious group (n=23) and non-serious group (n=43). The concentration of TNF-α of all cases was detected by human Th1/Th2 cytokine kit.Results The concentration of TNF-α in the COPD group was significantly higher than that of the smoker and healthy groups ( P<0.01). Furthermore, compared to non-serious COPD group, the concentration of TNF-α was higher in the serious COPD group ( P<0.05).Conclusion The concentration of TNF-α might be related with the pathogenesis and development of COPD.

An actinomycete B37 was isolated from an intertidal marine sponge Hymeniacidon perleve, which has strong activity against Gram positive bacteria and moderate activity against tumor cells. The mycelium and spore morphology, physiological properties and 16SrDNA sequence suggested that B37 is Streptomyces pseudogriseolus. The fermentation conditions of this strain were investigated for the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites.

The article gives a brief analysis of student characteristics of medical independent college and the aim and purpose of medical education to propose the corresponding measures to improve the students work of independent college.

Objective To evaluate the significance of cystatin C (CysC) in the diagnosis for early kidney injury of diabetes and hypertension by testing serum CysC and serum creatinine concentration and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in patients with type 2 diabetes and primary hypertension.Methods Sixty-six patients with type 2 diabetes were selected,among whom the total 38 patients whose UAE were 30-300 mg/24 h were classified into early diabetic nephropathy (DN) group,and 28 patients whose UAE were ＜ 30 mg/24 h were classified into non diabetic nephropathy (NDN) group.Fifty-two patients with primary hypertension were selected,among whom the total 25 patients whose UAE were ≥ 30 mg/24 h were classified into hypertension with kidney injury group,and 27 patients whose UAE were ＜ 30 mg/24 h were classified into hypertension without kidney injury group.Sixty health people were selected as control group.The UAE,CysC and creatinine levels were detected.Results The CysC in early DN group was significantly higher than that in control group and NDN group [(1.84 ± 0.83)mg/L vs.(0.41 ± 0.62) and (0.66 ± 0.59) mg/L],and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in CysC between NDN group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).There were no statistical differences in creatinine and UAE among the DN group,NDN group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).The CysC in hypertension with kidney injury group was significantly higher than that in control group and hypertension without kidney injury group [(0.93 ± 1.04) mg/L vs.(0.41 ± 0.62) and (0.69 ± 0.57) mg/L],and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in CysC between hypertension without kidney injury group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).There were statistical differences in creatinine and UAE among hypertension with kidney injury group,hypertension without kidney injury group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CysC can be regarded as the value to judge early kidney injury,and it is very important inunderstanding patient's condition,by which appropriate treatment can be carried out to prevent or decrease the occurrence of chronic renal failure.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Chinese medicine and pharmacy (CMP) on the mortality of senile HIV/AIDS patients as adjunctive therapy.

METHODSHIV/AIDS patients of a certain rural area of Hanna Province, who were recruited in national CMP HIV treatment trial program (NTCMTP) in 2004, were enrolled as the CMP treatment group. HIV/AIDS patients in the same village without recruiting in NTCMTP were enrolled as the non-CMP treatment group. Data related to subjects were collected from the database of NTCMTP and National HAART Reporting System. Multiple regression analysis under Cox proportional hazard model was applied to examine the risk factors for death of senile HIV/AIDS patients.

RESULTSA total of 436 HIV/AIDS were enrolled in this study, 204 in the CMP treatment group and 232 in the non-CMP treatment group. There were 70 AIDS-relative deaths in the CMP treatment group, with 8-year mortality rate of 37.74%. There were 111 AIDS-relative deaths in the non-CMP treatment group, with 8-year mortality rate of 48.34%. The 8-year mortality rate was higher in the non-CMP treatment group than in the CMP treatment group (chi2 = 5.136, P < 0.05). Results of univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed the hazard ratio in the non-CMP treatment group was 1.41 times that of the CMP treatment group (P < 0.05). Result of multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed the hazard ratio in the non-CMP treatment group was 1.44 times that of the CMP treatment group (P < 0.05). Besides, gender and marital conditions were significantly associated with death of HIV/AIDS patients.

CONCLUSIONCMP treatment was favorable to lower the mortality rate of senile HIV/AIDS patients, and its objective evaluation awaits for further prospective study.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Alzheimer Disease ; therapy ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Communicable Diseases ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Humans ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

To study the protective effect of Danqi Piantan capsule ( DPC) and its antelope horn substitution (DPCAS) on the cerebral ischemia, in order to preliminary study the possibility of replacing antelope horn with artificial bezoar. In this study, the left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was adopted. Totally 150 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the sham operation group, the model group, the Danqi Piantan capsule (DPC) group (0.246 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)), the Danqi Piantan capsule without antelope horn (DPCRA) group (0.246 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)), the Danqi Piantan capsule without antelope horn and with double artificial bezoar (DPCDB) group (0.246 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)). The MCAO model was prepared 1 h later after the administration on the 5th day. At 24 h after the operation, the inner canthus blood was collected to determine the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the endothelin (ET) content. At 72 h after the operation, the cerebral infarct size and the cerebral index were determined by TTC-staining. The fluorescent quantitative PCR method was used to detect brain Bcl-2, Caspase-3, IL-1β, P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1 mRNA expressions. The mmunohistochemical method was used to detect ICAM-1, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 expressions in ischemic penumbra. According to the results, compared with the model group, DPCDB and DPC groups showed almost consistent results, indicating both of the two group can significantly improved cerebral infarction index and cerebral index (P < 0.05), increase the serum SOD activity (P < 0.05), decrease the serum ET level and Caspase-3 expression, IL-1β, P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1 mRNA expressions in brain tissues (P < 0.05) and expressions of ICAM-1, IL-1,6, TNF-α, IL-6 positive cells in ischemic penumbra (P < 0.05) and increase the Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05). The DPCRA group showed much lower impacts on indexes than DPCDB and DPC groups. This suggests that DPCDB and DPC reveal similar efficacies and antelope horn in Danqi Piantan capsule can be substitutes by artificial bezoar.
Animals ; Antelopes ; Bile ; chemistry ; Biological Factors ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drug Compounding ; Horns ; chemistry ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

The in vitro cell culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of Danqi Piantan capsule (DPC) and DPC dislodge the antelope horn with artificial bezoar double (DPCBD) on nerve regeneration and blood vessel regeneration and preliminarily investigate the possibility of substituting antelope horn in DPC with artificial bezoar. In this experiment, rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the blank serum control group, the model group, DPC groups (0.306 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), the same below), DPC remove of antelope horn (DPCRA) groups and DPCBD groups. Brain microvascular endothelial cells cultured in vitro (BMEC), astrocytes and neural stem cells (NSC) were co-cultured to simulate neurovascular unit, label neurons with microtubule associated protein III (β-tubulin III) antibody and lable astrocytes with glial fibrillary acidicprotein (GFAP). ELISA was used for the detection of the content of BMEC lactate dehydrogenase instrument method (LDH), the inverted phase contrastmicroscope was adopted to observe the formation of BMEC tube like structure, the number of leukocytes and leukocytes adherent to BMEC were counted under the microscope, the expression levels of β-tubulin III and the ratio of GFAP positive cells was detected with inimmunofluorescence, and RT-PCR method was used to detect NGF, BDNF, VEGF and VEGFr-2 mRNA. According to the result, compared with the model group, both DPC and DPCBD can reduce LDH leakage, promote the formation of BMEC tube like structure, inhibit leukocytes and their adhesion to BMEC, increase the β-tubulin III positive cell differentiation proportion (P < 0. 01), reduce the proportion of GFAP positive cells (P < 0.01), increase the expressions of co-cultured NGF, VEGF, BDNF and VEGFr-2 mRNA to a certain extent, with the most significant difference on NGF and VEGF mRNA expressions (P < 0.05) and the same efficacy in both groups. DPCRA groups showed less impact on all indexes than that of DPCBD and DPC groups. The same efficacy of DPCBD and DPC on nerve regeneration and angiogenesis suggested that antelope horn in DPC can be substituted by artificial bezoar.
Animals ; Antelopes ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Substitution ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gallstones ; chemistry ; Horns ; chemistry ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nerve Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; genetics ; metabolism

This study was designed to observe the clinical value of low-density lipoprotein immune complexes (LDL-ICs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fifty-four patients with type 2 diabetes + macroangiopathy (DM-MA group), 48 patients with type 2 diabetes (DM group), 45 patients with macroangiopathy ( MA group), and 30 normal controls ( NC group) were enrolled. LDL-ICs levels in the DM-MA group were significantly higher than those in the other three groups. The levels of LDL-ICs in the MA group were higher than those in the NC and DM groups. There was a significant difference in LDL-ICs between the DM and NC groups. LDL-ICs levels were positively related with body mass index (BMI), glycesylated hemoglobin Alc(HbAlc), blood pressure, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. There was no significant relationship between low-density lipsprotcin cholesterol and LDL-ICs. A significantly negative correlation was recorded between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LDL-ICs. Our study suggests that LDL-ICs, blood pressure, and HbAlc may be risk factors of macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To explore the safety,technical feasibility,and catheter-related complications of ultrasound-guided implantation of totally implantable access port (TIAP) in the upper arm.Methods A total of 642 patients,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from February 2014 to December 2016 to receive ultrasound-guided implantation of TIAP in the upper arm,were enrolled in this study.The patients included 407 males (63.4％) and 235 females (36.6％),their age ranged from 11 to 89 years old,with a mean age of (58.29±4.33) years old.Under ultrasound guidance,by using Seldinger's technique TIAP was implanted in the upper arm.Results Implantation of TIAP in the upper arm was performed in all 642 patients.The initial success rate of implantation was 99.53％ (639/642),in 3 patients successful implantation was obtained in the second time of implantation as the initial puncturing failed.During the follow-up of 155,302 catheter days,complications occurred in a total of 58 patients (9.0％),including early complications in 9 patients and late complications in 49 patients.The complications included TIAP-related infection (n=28,4.4％),venous thrombosis (n=7,1.1％),sac bleeding (n=3,0.4％),port hub rotation (n=3,0.4％),cracked skin (n=l,0.2％),catheter obstruction (n=2,0.3％),catheter displacement (n=4,0.6％),movement restriction of catheter-side upper limb (n=7,1.1％),venous return obstruction of upper limb (n=2,0.3％) and median nerve injury (n=l,0.2％).No port-related death occurred.Conclusion The ultrasoundguided implantation of TIAP in the upper arm is technically-safe,clinically-effective and minimally-invasive,besides,it carries lower incidence of complications.Therefore,this method is worthy of clinical popularization and application.