Objective To explore the relationship between epilepsy and stroke,the features of secondary epilepsy and its treatment. Methods 233 stroke patients were observed and the clinical data of 21 patients who had secondary epilepsy were analyzed. Results Secondary epilepsy after stroke was mainly seen in the cortical stoke patients, the incidence of epilepsy of the cortical stroke group was 16.7% , which was significantly higher than that of the gubcortical stroke patients(5.7% ) ,and there was significant difference between the two groups. The incidence of epilepsy of stroke with a lesion >4cm group was 17. 3% .which was significantly higher than that of stroke with a lesion <4cm group(5.4% ), there was also significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference between ischeraic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke(P>0.05). Conclusion The incidence of secondary epilepsy after stroke had no correlations with the stroke types,but was related to the area and the location of the stroke.

Child ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; etiology ; virology ; Male

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine whether or not dual paroxysm proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist,WY14643,improved the dysfunctioned vascular endothelium in hypertension by reducing endothelium-derived contracting factors ( EDCFs ),and to explore the molecular mechanism it was involved in.MethodsIsometric tension in isolated thoracic aortic rings of spontaneously hypertensive rats was recorded.Endothelium-dependent contractions evoked by acetylcholine in the presence of L NAME were reduced by fenofibrate.Cyclooxygenase 1 ( COX1 ) activities were determined by analyzing the peroxidase activity of cyclooxygenase colorimetrically by using ELISA kit.ResultsCompared to the control group,WY14643 significantly decreased the vasoconstriction in aorta of the SHR rats(P=0.014).PPARα antagonist MK866 enhanced the vascular contractility of SHR rats that were incubated with 10.0μmol/L WY14643( P=0.021 ).PPARΥ antagonist GW9662 did not significantly affect the vascular contractility of SHR rats that were incubated with 10.0 μmol/L WY14643( P=0.061 ).The levels of serum PGFlα(P=0.012),2α( P =0.019) and TXB2(P=0.023) in SHR rats incubated with 10.0 μmol/L WY14643 were significantly lower than the control group,respectively.Under the condition of the existence of vascular endothelium,the expression of COX-1 in SHR rats incubated with WY14643 was significantly lower than that in SHR rats incubated without WY14643 (P=0.017).ConclusionsThose data showed that WY14643 reduced the release of EDCFs,it suggests that WY14643 protects against vascular diseases through the PPAR activators in spontaneous hypertension.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the cause of the cross infection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in ICU patients,and to apporach its preventive and control measures.METHODS Eiological inspection and sanitary monitoring have been done in ICU where there were two MRSA patients from June 6th,2008 to August 1st,2008.RESULTS MRSA has been detected on the hands of the ICU medical staff,on the bed-desks,on the switches of the vacuum extractor and gas supply unit on the wall,and in the NS for inhaling sputum.The separation rate were 37.5%,20.0%,54.5%,37.5%,87.5%.CONCLUSIONS ICU patients are prone to be infected with MRSA,which has a strong drug resistance and the infection is difficult to be treated.The cross infection can be prevented and controlled by rational administration,sterile operation and insulation.

In this paper,a time-frequency approach is used for the recognition and analysis of ECG signals for a normal or an abnormal patient.An iterative deconvolution procedure is applied to calculate the time-frequency representations.This method can enhance the resolutions of the signals.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate versus diazepam in the treat-ment of status epilepticus in adults,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinic treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Med-line,EMBase,PubMed,Cochrane Library,CJFD,VIP datebase,CBM and Wanfang database,the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about sodium valproate (test group) versus diazepam (control group) in the treatment of status epilepticus in adults were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 statistical software after extracting data and evaluating quality. RE-SULTS:A total of 5 RCTs were included,involving 276 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that recurrence rate of epilepsy in 48 h in test group was significantly lower than that of control group [OR=0.39,95%CI(0.16,0.96),P=0.04]. Compared with the control group,the effective rate controlling epilepsy within 2 h[OR=1.76,95%CI(0.88,3.52),P=0.11] and incidence of liver injury[RR=1.19,95%CI(0.38,3.70),P=0.77] were no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy and safety of sodi-um valproate was equivalent to diazepam in the treatment of status epilepticus in adults,however,sodium valproate was superior to diazepam in terms of controlling recurrent effect. Due to methodology limit of included studies,large-scale and high quality RCT are required for further validation of the conclusions.

Objective:To study the related factors of severe acute radiation-induced lung injury (SAR) caused by IMRT and concurrent chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the data of 2 323 non-small cell lung cancer pa-tients who underwent IMRT radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy at the Department of Radiotherapy of Tianjin Medical Univer-sity Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2010 to January 2014. We analyzed the clinical factors and parameters that affect dose by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results:A total of 2 323 patients enrolled and 1 241 cases suffering from acute radiation-in-duced lung injury with the rate of 53.4%. Only 185 cases suffered from SARP with a rate of 7.96%. Univariate analysis showed that the gender, histopathological type, total radiation dose, V5 (%), and average dose rate are not related to SARP (P>0.05). By contrast an age of>60 years, 1%predicted FEV, docetaxel+carboplatin/cisplatin chemotherapy, V20 (%), V30 (%), and mean lung dose (MLD) are sig-nificantly related to SARP (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that a patient age of>60 years, docetaxel+carboplatin/cisplatin che-motherapy, V20 (%), and V30 (%) are the independent risk factors of SARP. Conclusion:Among the non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing IMRT radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy, further attention should be given to elderly patients, patients receiving docetaxel and platinum chemotherapy, as well as V20 and V30 with high doses. The necessary preventive treatment should be given to reduce the incidence of SARP, improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce the incidence of respiratory failure and mortality.

Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammation effects by activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and its mechanisms in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)model mice.Me-thods:6-week-old male C57BL/6J (B6)mice were randomly divided into four groups:the first group was normal mice,injected with saline;the second group was normal mice,injected with nicotine;the third group was NASH model mice,injected with saline;the fourth group was NASH model mice,injec-ted with nicotine.The experimental mice were fed with either standard chow (SC)or high-fat and high-fructose (HFHF)for 17 weeks to generate an NASH model mice.The mice received injection once daily for 3 weeks [nicotine dose,400 μg/kg].Then,their pathological characteristics and function of the liver were assessed.The expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in se-rum were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The expressions of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR),Toll-like receptors-4 (TLR-4)and nuclear factor κB of phosphory-lation (p-NF-κB)in Kupffer cells were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays.Re-sults:We successfully generated NASH model mice by imitating the high-fat and high-fructose dietary style of NASH patients.The results of our investigation demonstrated that nicotine could reduce signifi-cantly the levels of IL-6,and TNF-αin serum (P <0.05).The expression of p-NF-κB protein in the group which was NASH model mice injected with nicotine declined significantly as compared with the group which was NASH model mice injected with saline (P <0.05).And the expression of α7nAChR protein elevated significantly conversely (P <0.05 ).Conclusion:Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway could inhibit the release of inflammatory factors as TNF-αand IL-6 in NASH model mice,and the mechanism for the inhibition of inflammatory was mediated by NF-κB pathway.

Objective:To identify a suitable biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of Candida albicans pneumonia ( CAP) ,we investigated the expression of several biomarkers,such as soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 ( sTREM-1),soluble hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor (sCD163),C-reactive protein (CRP),and procalcitonin (PCT),in rabbits with CAP. Methods:A rabbit model was established after immunosuppression of 40 rabbits,randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 each. The experimental group received 1 ml injection of 5×107 cfu/ml C. albicans solution via percutaneous tracheal puncture,while the control group received normal saline. Rabbit blood samples were collected on days 2,3,4,5,6 and 9 post-inoculation and examined for levels of sTREM-1,sCD163,CRP,PCT,interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-8,IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Other tests included routine blood examination,arterial blood gas test,chest thin-layer computed tomography on days 3 and 9 post-inoculation,lung tissue biopsy, and blood culture to confirm C. albicans infection. Results:The levels of sTREM-1,SCD163,PCT,and TNF-αwere higher in the exper-imental group as compared to control. Additionally,sTREM-1 and CRP indices showed an upward trend during 9 days of observation period in the experimental group,while others showed a short-term increase after inoculation and then declined gradually. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for CAP diagnosis were calculated as 0. 882,0. 814,0. 685 and 0. 55 for sTREM-1,SCD163, PCT and CRP,respectively. Conclusion: The diagnostic value of biomarkers,sTREM-1 and SCD163,is superior to that of CRP and PCT in the diagnosis of CAP.

Objective:To evaluate the acute oral toxicity , skin irritation and skin allergy of Thuja essential oil ( TEO) , and pro-vide experimental basis for the clinical use of TEO .Methods:The acute oral toxicity was measured by Horn ’ s assay .Totally 40 KM mice were divided into four groups and intragastrically administered with TEO at different dose of 21.50, 10.00, 4.64 and 2.15 g · kg-1 .After the 14-day observation, the death number and toxic manifestations were recorded and observed , and LD50 was calculated by checking the Horn's form of LD50 .The skin irritation test was performed on healthy adult white rabbits .Totally 9 rabbits were divid-ed into 3 groups randomly , and TEO at the concentration of 100%, 50%and 25%was painted on the skin of the rabbits .Edible vege-table oil was used as the negative control .The erythema and edema of the treated skin were evaluated and scored .Delayed skin hyper-sensitivity reaction was used to investigate the allergy of TEO .Totally 30 white guinea pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups:TEO group, the negative control (edible vegetable oil) and the positive group (1%2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene).After the intracutaneous in-duction stage and local induction stage , TEO was used to activate the hypersensitive reaction .The skin response was observed and scored after the 24-hour and 48-hour activation.Results:The mice in 21.50 g · kg-1 TEO treatment group were all dead , while only a part of the mice in 10.00 and 4.64 g · kg-1 TEO treatment groups were dead , and no mice died in 2.15 g · kg-1 TEO treatment group.According to the Horn's form of LD50 , LD50 of TEO was 9.26 g · kg -1 for male mice and 7.94 g · kg -1 for female mice.The results of skin irritation test indicated the strong irritation effects of TEO .However , the irritation of TEO was reduced after the dilution , and 25%TEO showed no irritation to the skin of rabbits .The results of delayed skin hypersensitivity reaction showed obvious erythema and edema induced by 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene , while no obvious erythema and edema were found in TEO treated guinea pigs , indi-cating non-allergic effect of TEO .Conclusion:TEO has strong skin irritation in rabbits , while no obvious oral toxicity in mice and skin allergy in guinea pigs .