Objective To evaluate the disinfection effect of alginate impressions using three- step flushing approach with alkaline electrolyzed- oxidizing water (AEOW), neutral water, acidic electrolyzed-reductive water (AERW) in sequence, and therefore explore a convenient, safe and efficient approach for disinfection of impressions. Methods 60 pairs of alginate impressions of left maxillary dentition and right maxillary dentition were taken from 60 patients set the left ones and the right ones into the experimental group and the control group randomly. For the experimental group, the impressions were flushed with AEOW, neutral water and AERW in sequence, for the control group, the impressions were flushed with water. Then the disinfection effect of the two groups at different flushing time was compared. Results The number of bacterial on the alginate impressions was reduced in both groups at 3, 6 and 9 minutes. The number of bacterial of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at the same time point, the differences were statistically significant,Z values were -6.160, -6.159, -5.920 respectively, P<0.01. The disinfection effect of the three- step flushing approach was 80.29%, 92.91%, 97.98% at 3, 6 and 9 minutes respectively. The killing rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at the same time,the differences were statistically significant, χ2 values were 13.51, 12.11, 8.31 respectively, P<0.01. Conclusions The disinfection effect of the three - step flushing approach for 6 minutes can reach a satisfactory level. Hence, the three- step flushing approach is a convenient, safe, and efficient approach for disinfection of impressions.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Biology

From the perspective of compound type,the bioactive metobolites from Gliocladium are reviewed,and the research advancement in future are proposed.

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been applied in basic and clinical researches of organ transplantation.Our previous study showed that intravenous injection of MSCs prolonged corneal allograft survival in rat.However,the effect of local administration of MSCs on corneal allograft rejection remains unclear.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subconjunctival injection of MSCs on corneal allograft rejection in rat model of keratoplasty.Methods MSCs were isolated and cultured from femur and tibia bone marrow of clean Wistar rats,and then the cells were identified by induced differentiation of osteoblast and adipocyte.The third generation of MSCs was used in subsequent experiment.Allogenic penetrating keratoplasty was performed with the bilateral corneas of 20 Wistar rats as donor grafts and the right eyes of 40 Lewis rats as recipients.PBS 0.1 ml containing 2 × 106 MSCs and 0.1 ml PBS only was subconjunctivally injected immediately and postoperative 3 days respectively in randomized two groups,and another 6 normal Lewis rats served as the normal control group.Corneal rejection response was evaluated under the slit lamp after surgery based corneal opacity,edema and neovascularization,and the grafts were scored according to the criteria of Larkin.The corneal samples were extracted from 12 rats of the PBS control group and the MSCs group separately 10 days after surgery.The relative expressions of Th1 cytokines (interferon-γ [IFN-γ] mRNA and interleukin-2 [IL-2] mRNA) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4 mRNA and IL-10 mRNA) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Protein levels of IL-4 and IL-10 proteins in the corneas were assayed by ELISA.All experimental protocols involving rats were approved by the laboratory animal care and use committee of the Tianjin Medical University and treated with the ARVO statement for the use of animals in ophthalmic and vision research.Results The cells grew well with the orange stain for alizarin red in differentiated the osteoblasts and red stain for Oil red O in differentiated adipocytes.The survival time of corneal graft in the MSCs group was (11.8±1.6) days,it was significantly longer than (9.6±1.4) days in the PBS control group (P=0.004).The levels of IL-4 mRNA and IL-10 mRNA in the MSCs group were significantly higher than those in the PBS control group (both at P =0.00);while the levels of IFN-γ mRNA and IL-2 mRNA were not significantly different between the groups (both at P＞0.05).The IL-10 protein contents were (22.74 ±7.06),(68.40±12.83) and (215.41 ±44.66)pg/ml in the normal control group,PBS control group and MSCs group,showing significant difference among the three groups (F =55.06,P =0.00) and a significant increase in the MSCs group compared with the PBS control group and the normal control group (both at P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Subconjunctival injection of MSCs prolongs the survival time of cornea allograft in penetrating keratoplasty probably by modulating the balance between Th1 and Th2 cytokines,especially by up-regulating Th2 cytokines.

Objectives To assess the performance of first trimester ultrasound screening for fetal structural and chromosomal anomalies based on a detailed anomaly and nuchal translucency (NT) scan at 11-13+6 weeks' gestation.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital.Fetuses with a crown-rump length (CRL) between 45 mm and 84 mm scanned during December 2015 to March 2016 were enrolled in this study.After a detailed first-trimester anomaly scan followed the protocol of systematic standardized scan plans,fetuses with congenital abnormalities were screened out.Second trimester ultrasound screening and postnatal examination were performed for further examination of fetal anomalies.Cytogenetic analysis was performed on the fetuses with informed consent.Results (1) A total of 1 154 fetuses were enrolled in this study and among them,36 (3.1％) cases of fetal abnormalities were diagnosed through prenatal examination (35 cases) and postnatal examination (one case).(2) Twenty-one (58.3％) out of the 36 cases with structural and chromosomal anomalies were screened out by using the first-trimester scan,including eight cases of congenital cardiac defect (two cases of atrioventricular septal defect,one case of tricuspid atresia,one case of tetralogy of tetralogy,one case of right ventricle aneurysms and one cases of hypoplastic left heart syndrome combined with cystic hygroma with one case combined with polydactyly),four cases of central nervous system anomaly (three cases of exencephaly and one case of anencephaly combined with double outlet right ventricle),two cases of cleft palate/lip with one case combined with double outlet right ventricle,two cases of exomphalos,one case of amniotic band syndrome,one case of spinal bifida combined with megacystis,one case of umbilical cyst,one case of polydactyly and one case of cystic hygroma.One case of twin pregnancy chose selective fetocide to the fetus with exencephaly and 16 cases terminated pregnancy.The other four cases were confirmed by second trimester ultrasound screening and postnatal examination.Fourteen (38.9％,14/36) new cases of structural and chromosomal anomalies were detected by the second-trimester scan,six of which terminated the pregnancies and the rest were confirmed at term.One (2.8％,1/36) case of polydactyly was detected postnatally.(3) Chromosomal microarray analysis was performed on 28 cases,seven of which were identified as having chromosomal abnormalities including five cases detected in the first trimester and two cases detected in the second trimester.(4) Out of the 20 fetuses with abnormal NT in early trimester,which accounted for 1.7％ of all enrolled fetuses,nine were indentified with major structural or chromosomal abnormalies,a quarter of all abnormal fetus.Conclusions Detailed anomaly scan and NT scan in the first-trimester can increase the detection rate of fetal structural and chromosomal anomalies as compared with the traditional NT scan and provide earlier detection of severe fetal abnormalities as compared with second trimester anomaly scan.

Objective To study the effects of oxymatrine as inhibitor of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus (HFRSV) infection in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro studies,a dose of oxymatrine without cytotoxicity and 76-118 strain of HFRSV was taken to treat Vero cells in three ways:①After treated with oxymatrine for 48 h,Vero cells were attacked by HFRSV at dilution of 10-1 ～ 10-6,respectively for 24 h before changing to maintenance medium; ②Vero cells were first attacked by HFRSV of 10-1 ～ 10-6 dilution respectively,then oxymatrine was used for 48 h before changing to maintenance medium; ③Vero cells were attacked by HFRSV at dilution of 10-1 ～ 10-6 respectively,and meanwhile treated with oxymatrine for 48 h before changing to maintenance mcdium.Each dilution handled four porocytes,and four positive controls were set up at the same time.Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of oxymatrine in experimental group and positive control.In vivo studies,thirty 2-week-old hamsters,weighing about 30-40 g,were divided into experimental and control groups according to body weight,n =15.These aninals were inoculated intraperitoneally with HFRSV in 100TCID50(0.1 ml each); on days 4-13,0.1 ml of oxymatrine 1:100 were given to each hamster in experimental group daily by intraperitoneal injection,while the same amount of saline was given to the control ones.Lung tissue of hamsters was then dissected out to slice to be identified by immunofluorcscence stain.Results It was demonstrated that oxymatrine with the diluted fractions of 1:8 was safe in vitro.When the virus dilution of HFRSV was l0-4,compared with control groups,the differences were statistically significant in method 2 and 3 (z =-2.53,-2.53,all P ＜ 0.05),while no statistical significance in method 1 (z＝5.36,P＞ 0.05).When the virus dilution of HFRSV was 10-1 ～ 10-3,10-5,10-6,the differences were not statistically significant (z--0.00,-0.32,-0.19,4.21,4.21,all P ＞ 0.05).In vivo studies,compared with control group,the differences were statistically significant in experimental group (z =-3.85,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Oxymatrine significantly inhibites HFRSV.

Comparative analysis of characteristic of species and esterase-isoenzyme of isolates of Polyporus umbel-latus from different regions were processed. The results indicated that isolates of Jizhaoling ( Z) and Zhushiling (ZJ) have significant differences in characteristic, and enzymatic band types of the two species also have significant differences. The homology at genetics between the two isolates is 0% , and consanguinity between the two i-solates is the farthest.

Background and purpose:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is one of the hot studied area in breast cancer research.Our aim was to explore the relationship between the clinical effect,pathological changes and the neoadjuvant chemotherapy containing THP and docetaxel on breast cancer.Methods:The expression of ER, PR and CerbB-2 in breast cancer tissue of patients who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were detected by immunohistochemistry method.The relationship of age,ER,PR,CerbB-2,pathological stage and axillary lymph node metastasis with pathological complete response(pCR) was analysed.Results:For the patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy,the pCR of the positive ER(0%),PR(9.38%) was lower than that of negative ER(20.27),PR(90.63%) respectively.The pCR of the positive CerbB-2(33.33%) was higher than that of negative CerbB-2(9.74%,P

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of Indomethacin for post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia.Methods A total of 600 patients,who were undergoing ERCP,were randomly divided into 3 groups to receive anal Indomethacin (n=200),intravenous octreotide (n=200) or no special medication (n=200) before ERCP.The level of serum amylase before and 24h after ERCP were measured,and the rate of acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia after ERCP were assessed.Results Serum amylase levels before ERCP of all groups were normal.The mean serum amylase level of Indomethacin group (101.3±77.7 U/L) after ERCP was significantly lower than those of octreotide group ( 176.6±138.3 U/L,P =0.040 ]and control group (227.2±264.9 U/L,P=0.048),while there was no difference between octreotide group and control group ( P＞0.05 ).The incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis in Indomethacin group (2.5％) was significantly lower than that of control group (9.5％,P=0.003),while there was no difference between octreotide group (4.5％) and control group ( P=0.05 ).The incidence of hyperamylasemia after ERCP in Indomethacin group (5.5％) was significantly lower than that of control group ( 13.5％,P=0.006 ),while there was no difference between octreotide group (10.0％) and control group ( P＞0.05 ).Conctusion Anal administration of Indomethacin before ERCP can effectively reduce the incidence of acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia after ERCP.

Objective To explore the effects and indications of physical cooling in fever patients after bone fracture surgery.Methods 450 fever patients after bone fracture surgery were selected.They were divided into different groups according to ~e main influencing factors which affected the effect of physical cooling,including the temperature of sponge bathing,the degree of fever,clinical phases of fever.The influence of above factors on physical cooling was observed.Results The temperature for sponge bathing maintaining at 38～40 ℃(the experimental group) achieved better results than that at 32～34 ℃(the control group).Physical cooling at constant peak period of fever had better effect than that during the fervescence period,and the effect of sponge bathing treatment was better in mild fever patients than in high fever patients.Conclusions The single physical hypothermia only fit the patients following bone fracture surgery who had a fever below 38.5 ℃.Patients who had an infectious high fever should receive drug combination.Temperature of sponge bathing maintaining at 38～40 ℃,bathing timing at constant peak period of fever may get best cooling effect.