Humans ; West Nile Fever ; West Nile virus

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; Cephalosporins ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Animals ; Communicable Diseases ; genetics ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; Humans ; Mycobacterium Infections ; genetics

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and outcome of critically illness with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated with continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) in children.Methods Twenty-four cases of critically illness with AKI were treated with CVVHDF in our pediatric intensive care unit from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010.The levels of creatinine (Cr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),K +,Na + and HCO3- were observed before CVVHDF and 6,12,24,48,72 h after CVVHDF.ResultsCatheter was successfully established for CVVHDF in 24 cases of AKI.The average duration of CVVHDF was 46 h ( 16 ～142 h).The blood levels of Cr and BUN were significantly decreased at 6 h after CVVHDF [ ( 196.3 ±112.4) μmol/L,( 13.3 ± 8.5 ) mmol/L] and 12 h after CVVHDF [ ( 106.1 ± 84.2) μ mol/L,( 10.2 ± 9.7 )mmol/L] as compared to those before treatment [ (340.6 ±298.2) μmol/L,(31.6 ± 11.3) mmol/L] (P ＜0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ).After 48 h of CVVHDF,the Cr,BUN returned to normal range.The imbalance of blood K +,Na +,and HCO3- improved at 6 h after CVVHDF and returned to nomal levels at 24 h.Total 28 d fatality rate was 29.2％ (7/24),and all death cases were complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.ConclusionCVVHDF therapy for AKI can quickly clear Cr,BUN and excess water,correct electrolyte disorders,improve kidney function in children.

Objective To analyze the incidence,clinical feature and the risk factors of invasive fungal infection in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods We retrospectively summaried the invasive fungal infection in our PICU from Jan 2007 to Dec 2009 in order to analyze the incidence, clinical feature and the risk factors of invasive fungal infection in PICU. Multiple clinical data were collected such as pediatric critical illness score, mechanical ventilation, urinary drainage tube, indwelling gastric canal and continuous blood purification. Results ( 1 ) The incidence rate of invasive fungal infection was 1.65 % ( 35/2 116 ). The morbidity was 20. 00% ( 7/35 ). ( 2 ) Mean infected day was ( 10. 4 ±- 8. 3 ) d after admission. The clinical manifestations included fungal pneumonia( 60. 0% ), peritonitis ( 14. 3% ), urinary tract infection ( 11.4% ),intestinal tract infection(8. 6% ) ,sepsis(2. 9% ) and meningitis(2. 9% ). All of the patients had used broad spectrum antibiotic. (3) The risk factors of invasive fungal infection included lower pediatric critical illness score, mechanical ventilation, indwelling gastric tube, urinary drainage tube and continuous blood purification.(4) Candia albicans was the predominant pathogen in invasive fungal infection. Conclusion Invasive fungal infection has become one of the main nosocomial infection in PICU. Lung is most commonly involved and candida albicans is the major pathogen. Using antibiotics appropriately, decreasing unnecessary invasive performance,and rationally using antifungal agent mi.ght be effective strategy for invasive fungal infection in PICU.

Objective To construct the fibroblast-specific non-viral vector pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2 containing collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter,and to validate the enhancement of BMP-2 expression in the human dermal fibroblasts by this vector,compared with the routine non-viral BMP2 vector. Methods The sequences for collagen 1A2 enhancer and promotor,and BMP-2 gene were ligated into the pcDNA3 plasmids.The plasmids were transfected into human skin fibroblasts and vein endothelial cells by means of cationic liposomes.The expressions of the plasmids in these two kinds of cells were detected by RT-PCR.The osteogenic phonotypes of fibroblasts were determined.(Results)pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2,which contained collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter could enhance the BMP-2 expression in the fibroblasts but not in vein endothelial cells.Osteogenetic phenotypes were more obvious in the fibroblasts transfected with pcDNA3-CEP-BMP-2 than in pcDNA3-BMP-2-transfected ones. Conclusion Collagen 1A2 enhancer and promoter can enhance BMP2 expression in fibroblasts.

Objective:Discuss the diagnosis values on the upper digestive tract staininged by the endoscopy.Methods:After spraying straining on the 72 cases below parts using stomach endoscopy,who are suffering from esophagus,stomach disease,and duodenal,observe the staining struction and take some samples.Results:Take samples from Lugol's iodine unstaininged but areas on the 18 esophagus disease,the pathobology shows that 9 suffering f from esophagus carcinomas,3 Barrett's esophagus,6 chroinc esophgitis.Taking the staining areas as samples from 29 diseases (it is 80.55% among 36 disease suffering from methylene blue staining stomach),it appears that 5 are suffering from stomach cancer,21 are intestinal metaplosia and gastric dysplasia.Among 18 staining on bulbs of duodenal ulcer,11 unstaininged are checked gastric metaplasia (61.11%).Conclusions:The endoscopy staining possesses the ability of enlarging the endoscopy diagnosis.The method is simple and safe,it is worthy of clinical application and extending.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of medication reconciliation in pharmaceutical care provided by clinical phar-macists. METHODS:Clinical pharmacists participated in pharmaceutical care for a elderly patient,and reconciled drugs as anti-in-fective drugs,cardiovascular drugs,electrolyte:stop taking unnecessary drugs:Xuebijing injection,Kang'erxin capsule,Shedan chuanbei soft capsule,Mosapride citrate tablet;adjust the dose of Dihydrochlorothiazide tabet and Potassium chloride tablet;stop taking Non first-line drug Reserpine tablet in order to decrease the risk of drug use;stop taking Furosemide tablet,Lactulose oral solution and using Suppositories glycerol timely according to the disease outcome. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:The medication reconciliation can avoid repeated drug use,optimize medication plan,reduce drug variety and cost and decrease the potential ADR risk of drug use so as to guarantee safe and effective drug use.

Objectives: The survivors of first-ever stroke are at a high risk of recurrent stroke. The time interval between first-ever stroke and first recurrence of stroke, however, have not been well studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the time interval between first-ever and first recurrence of stroke and the risk factors of stroke that were related to the length of time interval. Methods: Patients admitted in our hospitals during 2014 with first recurrence of stroke were included in the study. A total of 377 patients were enrolled and a standardized questionnaire was used to collect data in this retrospective study. Results: The mean time interval among all the subjects was 58.42 months (median, 36.01 months; range 0.16months to 455.98months). The mean time interval was shorter in hemorrhagic stroke group (56.78 months) than in ischemic stroke group (58.75 months), but the difference was not significant (p=0.819). The median of time interval was similar in the two groups. The associated risk factors to the length of time interval were age over 60 years, subtype of first-ever stroke, the length of history of hypertension. Age was the only associated risk factor to the time interval among patients with first recurrence of hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusion: Factors associated with the time interval are different among different types of recurrent stroke. This provides the basis for preventive treatment for recurrent stroke after their first-ever stroke
Stroke

10 mU/L (GroupⅡ,71 cases) when they were one year old.There were 40 healthy children in control group. The genomic DNA from the peripheral blood was extracted and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were employed to detect the IL-12B gene 3′UTR+1188 SNP.Results The frequency of AA,AC and CC genotype in GroupⅠwere 25.7%,44.3% and 30.0% respectively,and 36.6%, 47.9% and 15.5% in GroupⅡ,48.8%,39.0%,12.2%,in control group,respectively.The differ- ence of frequency of CC genotype and non-CC genotype between GroupⅠand GroupⅡwas significant (x~2=17.078,P