Objective To detect potential proteins which may play a key role in pathogenesis and early diagnosis for Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis,and compare the protein profile of neutrophils of na(i)ve rats with that of rats infected with Acinetobacter baumannii.Methods Using two-dimensional electrophoresis for separation of proteins,we compared the differences of the profile of total proteins from neutrophils of na(i)ve rats with that of rats infected with Acinetobacter baumannii.Differences in the profiles of expressed proteins were observed,and some of the proteins were isolated and verified by line mass spectrometry analysis and Western blot.Results Fifty proteins from the neutrophils of rats with Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis were found to be different from those of naive rats.Forty-one of these proteins were able to be identified successfully using two-dimensional electrophoresis,in which 24 were upregulated,and 17 were downregulated compared with the proteins isolated from neutrophils of na(i)ve rats.Conclusion The protein profile of neutrophils in rats with Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis is significantly different from that of na(i)ve rats.These proteins can be identified by proteomic screening,and may be used as potential markers for early diagnosis and molecular targets for effective treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of phenylethanoid glycosides on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced dyszoospermia in mice and to preliminary elucidate the mechanisms involved in the process. Methods Phenylethanoid glycoside was extracted by ethanol extraction.Forty male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,low dose of phenylethanoid glycosides group (50 mg· kg-1 )and high dose of phenylethanoid glycosides group (100 mg·kg-1 ).Except control group,the dyszoospermia mouse model was established by peritoneal injection of CTX at the daily dose of 80 mg· kg-1 ,once daily for successive 5 d. After modeling, phenylethanoid glycosides were intragastrically administered at corresponding doses to each phenylethanoid glycosides group.Equal volume of normal saline was given to the mice in control group and model group by gastrogavage.All the medication was performed once daily for successive 30 d.The testis tissue was obtained 24 h after the last intragastric administration.The level of testosterone in the testis tissue homogenate was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The sperm counts, the motility rates, and the teratospermia rates in various groups were compared.The morphological changes of the testis tissue were observed using HE staining.Results Compared with control group, the sperm count and the motility rate were decreased, the teratospermia rate was increased,and the testosterone level in the testis tissue homogenate was decreased in model group(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the sperm counts and the motility rates were increased,the teratospermia rates were decreased, and the testosterore levels in the testis tissue homogenate were increased in phenylethanoid glycosides groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The histological results showed atrophy and degeneration of seminiferous tuble,thicker seminiferous epithelium and azoospermic lumina in model group;the number of seminiferous epithelial layers was increased and the seminiferous cells orderly arranged, and many sperms were found in the tubules in phenylethanoid glycosides groups.Conclusion Phenylethanoid glycosides has obviously therapeutical effect on CTX-induced dyszoospermia in mice,and its mechanisms might be correlated with recovering the testosterone level.

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Sarcoma ; pathology

A lactoferrin-containing PEGylated liposome system (Lf-PLS) was developed and tested in vitro as a hepatoma-targeting drug delivery system. PEGylated liposomes (PLS) were successfully prepared using the thin film hydration method with peglipid post insertion. Lf was covalently conjugated onto the carboxyl terminal of DSPE-PEG2000-COOH on liposomes. Coumarin-6 was used to trace Lf-PLS with fluorescence. The cellular uptake of this system was carried out in asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) positive HepG2 cells via confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The Lf-PLS liposome was observed as spherical or oval vesicles with the particle size around 130 nm, zeta potential about -30 mV and encapsulation efficiency more than 80%. The confocal microscopy images and flow cytometry data demonstrated that Lf-PLS resulted in significantly higher cell association by ASGPR positive HepG2 cells compared to PLS. The association between Lf-PLS and cells were dependent on the concentration, time and temperature, which was inhibited by pre-incubation with excessive free Lf. The results suggest that Lf-PLS has a good targeting effect on HepG2 cells in vitro. The targeting mechanism may be related to the specific binding of Lf and ASGPR on HepG2 cells, which guides Lf-PLS to the cell surface to induce an active endocytosis process. All these results demonstrated that Lf-PLS might be a potential drug delivery system in targeting hepatocellular carcinoma, which deserves more research on its targeting ability, antitumor efficiency, and metabolism in vivo for treatment of hepatomacellular carcinoma.
Asialoglycoprotein Receptor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Coumarins ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Endocytosis ; Hep G2 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lactoferrin ; pharmacology ; Liposomes ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Thiazoles

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pegaspargase (PEG-ASP) combined with GEMOX regimen for the treatment of extranodal natural killer (NK) / T-cell lymphoma (ENKL),and to observe the changes of coagulation function.Methods 35 patients with histologically confirmed ENKL were enrolled from January 2010 to December 2014.All patients received 180 cycles of PEG-ASP combined with GEMOX chemotherapy and the efficacies were observed.The coagulation items such as prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),fibrinogen (Fbg) and international normalized ratio (INR) were tested respectively on day 1st,day 8th and day 14th of every treatment cycle.Results Among 35 patients,11 patients (31.43 ％) were in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,and 24 patients (68.57 ％) were in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ.All patients were subjected to 180 cycles of PEG-ASP combined with GEMOX chemotherapy,and each case was estimated to receive 6 cycles.The overall response (CR+PR) rate (ORR) was 71.43 ％ (25/35),the ORR was 81.82 ％ (9/11) in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ group,and 66.67 ％ (16/24) in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ group.The increased PT and APTT and decreased Fbg were observed on day 8th of the chemotherapy.The increased APTT and decreased Fbg were still observed on day 14th of the chemotherapy.Compared the data of patients one day before chemotherapy with healthy persons,the changes had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions PEG-ASP combined with GEMOX regimen in the treatment of ENKL is safer and more effective compared with traditional chemotherapy,but the abnormal alternations of coagulation might be common during therapy.Dealing with the bleeding risk and supplement with plasma,PPSB or Fbg in time should be necessary.

Background and purpose:Herpes zoster is a common adverse event associated with the use of bortezomib. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efifcacy of different therapeutic regimens of valacyclovir prophylaxis: continuously administration and intermittent administration. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy, side effects, expense of valacyclovir and emotional states of 31 patients with multiple myeloma who received bortezomib and valacyclovir prophylaxis. Among them, 14 patients underwent continuously administration of valacyclovir, the other 17 patients underwent intermittent administration. Continuously administration was deifned as daily oral valacyclovir 600 mg without cessation during entire period of bortezomib treatment. Intermittent administration was deifned as patients received valacyclovir at a dose of 600 mg daily during chemotherapy, while discontinue valacyclovir at the intermission time of bortezomib treatment. Results: There were no herpes zoster in patients of 2 arms. Adverse events over grade 3 associated with valacyclovir were not observed. Intermittent administration of valacyclovir showed a superiority of economic beneift. The emotional status were depended on the therapeutic effects of multiple myeloma. For those relapsed or refractory patients, continuously administration of valacyclovir might aggravate depression and anxiety. Conclusion:Intermittent administration of valacyclovir at a dose of 600 mg daily appears to be an effective prophylaxis for herpes zoster in patients receiving bortezomib.

To assess the perinatal outcomes following selective feticide through radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in complex monochorionic pregnancies. Methods In this retrospective observational study, 34 cases of complex monochorionic pregnancies treated with RFA for selective feticide and delivered at the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013, were included. Gestational age at RFA, the number of RFA cycles, maternal and fetal complications, gestational age at delivery, neonatal outcomes at 28 days after birth and neonatal development after birth were recorded. Fetal survival rate were defined as the number of survivors at 28 days after birth divided by the number of remaining fetuses after RFA. Factors affecting fetal survival rate were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. Results (1) The process for RFA:The gestatinal age for the procedure was (20.7±3.1) weeks(16+1-27+6 weeks). The successful rate of procedures was 100%(34/34) and the cycle number for RFA was 1-6 times. (2)Fetal complications and survival rate of remaining fetuses after RFA:there were six pregnant women suffering from premature rupture of membrane (PROM) before 28 weeks. Among those women, one had miscarriaged at 25 weeks, one chose to terminate at 26 weeks and the remaining four chose to continue the pregnancy. There were three remaining fetuses developing fetal severe anemia with hydrops after RFA. Two of them had fetal demises 2 days after the procedures and one chose to have termination. Another two cases with discordant fetal anomalies had fetal demises with unknown reasons one day after RFA. There were 27 remaining fetuses after RFA who survived until 28 days after birth. The mean gestational age at delivery was(36.4±4.1)weeks (26+4-40 weeks) and the mean birth weight was (2 913± 978) g (1 080-4 600 g). The overall fetal survival rate 28 days after birth was 79%(27/34). There were no abnormal findings in antenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) four weeks after the procedure and no abnormal development of nervous system in the surviving neonates between 3 months old and 1.5 years old. (3) Factors affecting fetal survival rate :There were no significant differences identified in the rate of fetal severe anemia and fetal demise (2/15, 2/13 and 1/6), the rate of PROM before 28 weeks (1/15, 4/13 and 1/6) and survival rate of 28 days after birth (13/15, 10/13 and 4/6)among three groups with different gestational age (16+1-, 20- and 24-27+6 weeks) for RFA(all P>0.05). The indications for RFA included severe selective intrauterine growth restriction (50%, 17/34), discordant for fetal abnormalities(24%, 8/34) , twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence(18%, 6/34)and dichorionic or monochorionic triamniotic pregnancy (9%, 3/34). There were also no significant differences noted in the rate of fetal complications and fetal demise(3/17, 2/8, 0/6, 0/3), the rate of PROM before 28 weeks (3/17, 0/8, 2/6, 1/3)and survival rate of 28 days after birth among different groups (12/17, 6/8, 6/6, 3/3) with different indications for RFA(all P>0.05) . No significant differences observed in the rate of fetal complications and fetal demise(10% and 2/5)and the rate of PROM before 28 weeks (17%and 2/5)between two groups with different cycle numbers for RFA (<3 times and≥3 times, all P<0.05), while the group with cycle number ≥ 3 times had lower survival rate 28 days after birth than the group with cycle number<3 times for RFA (2/5 vs 86%, P<0.05). Conclusions RFA is one of effective and safe procedures for selective feticide in complex monochorionic pregnancies.

Objective To review the diagnosis,monitoring,management and perinatal outcomes of monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) twin pregnancy.Methods From July 2010 to August 2013,there were 17 MCMA twin pregnancies diagnosed and delivered in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital.According to the MCMA management protocol,induced abortion,elective fetal reduction,and anticipant pregnancy were optional.For those anticipant pregnancies,fetal lung underwent maturation promotion at gestational weeks 28; hospitalization with 40 min/day continual fetal electronic monitoring and umbilical blood monitoring twice weekly at gestational weeks 28-30; 40 min continual fetal electronic monitoring twice daily and umbilical blood monitoring once every other day at gestational weeks 30-32; and 40 min continual fetal electronic monitoring three times daily and umbilical blood monitoring once daily at gestational weeks 32-34; and pregnancy ended on time.The presence of umbilical cord entanglement,congenital malformation,intrauterine fetal death,complications exclusive to monochorionic twins (e.g.selective fetal growth restriction,twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence and twin-twin transfusion syndrome) and the perinatal outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.Results Average maternal age of women with 17 MCMA twins was (29.0±2.7) years,and all were primiparas.They were diagnosed at (18.6± 5.5) weeks on average (11 +5-28+1 weeks).Umbilical cord entanglements were detected in all cases by ultrasonography and confirmed postnatally.There were three cases of complications specific to monochorionic twins,including two with selective fetal growth restriction and one with twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence.There were seven women with fetal congenital malformation; four of whom chose induced abortion; one case of anencephaly chose radiofrequency ablation fetal reduction,and the remaining two cases with congenital malformation and ten cases without chose anticipant pregnancy,and there were no abnormal ultrasonography signs during pregnancy.Among these 12 cases,intrauterine fetal death of both fetuses occurred in two cases at 16 and 21+1 weeks gestation and they were aborted.Intrauterine fetal death of a single fetus occurred in one case at 30+2 weeks gestation (another fetus was delivered by emergency cesarean section).There were a total of eleven live births delivered by cesarean section (four by emergency cesarean section) at a median gestational age of (32.7± 1.6) weeks.There were 20 live neonates with a mean birth weight of (1 850±496) g.Sixteen neonates were transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit and hospitalized for (37.9± 16.4) days.Nine neonates suffered from respiratory distress syndrome but were eventually cured.Conclusions MCMA twin pregnancy has high morbidity and mortality.Early ultrasonography helps to clarify the diagnosis and enhance the monitoring,thus improving the perinatal outcomes.

Objective To describe an intelligent three-dimensional technique for automatic visualization of the fetal cranial mid-sagittal view to allow for the differential diagnosis of fetal midline anomalies.Methods Two hundred and twenty pregnant women with singleton pregnancies were imaged to display the mid-sagittal view of fetal head using a new 3D program (Smart MSP) developed by our team.Results The mid-sagittal view of the fetal head was successfully visualized in 190 normal cases (95％) and 18 abnormal cases (90％) by Smart MSP program.The total successful rate was 94.5％ (208/220).Conclusions Smart MSP is a novel and feasible method for the automatic visualization of fetal cranial midsagittal plane and may become a potential tool for routinely screening the fetal midline anomalies.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)patients with different body mass index (BMI), and to provide the basis for disease assessment and prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 541 patients with COVID-19 diagnosed in Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from January 16 to March 28, 2020 were collected. The patients were divided into normal weight group, overweight group, and obesity group according to BMI. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of the three groups were compared. The correlation between BMI and clinical classification was analyzed by ordinal logistic regression.Results:There were 288 cases (53.23%) in normal weight group, 193 cases (35.67%) in overweight group, and 60 cases (11.09%) in obesity group. Compared with normal weight group, overweight and obesity groups displayed higher proportion of hypertension, with increased levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, C reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and triglyceride in laboratory test results, and higher proportion of severe and critical illness ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). After adjusting for age, gender, and underlying diseases, regression analysis showed that higher BMI predicted more severe clinical classification ( OR=1.079, 95% CI 1.010-1.154). Conclusion:In COVID-19 patients, overweight and obese patients are more likely to develop into severe and critical illness, suggesting that obesity may be an important risk factor affecting the clinical outcome of COVID-19.