Objective To evaluate the pathophysiology of paraplegia during transarterial chemoembolization in liver cancer and investigate effective management and prevention for improving clinical situation and relieve major symptoms.Method 2758 patients accepted TACE procedure because of liver cancer(and/or combined with remote metastasis),demonstrated 4 cases suffering from paraplegia(3 males,1 female)since Mar.2003 to Feb.2005,with mean age of(51?14)years old,The operative records and the clinical features after chemoembolization were summarized in detail.Results The incidence of paraplegia was 0.145%,with major symptoms of dysesthesia and hypokinesise emerging within 4 hours after TACE,and most symptoms aggravating gradually within 24-48 hours untill paraplegia appeared,and then turned to stabilization about 5-7 days,with their body functions partial recovery in 2 months.Conclusion More attention should be paied to prevent ectopic embolization of spinal cord vessels originating from extrahepatic collateral arteries during TACE or TAE.

OBJECTIVE: To study the results of TEOAE and AABR hearing screening and follow-up in NICU. METHOD: Total 574 cases in NICU were included in this study, all cases received both TEOAE and AABR hearing screening while admission and rescreening when one-month-old. The cases that were abnormal on either test in rescreening were asked to return for diagnostic tests at 3 moths old. The patients who didn't return as required in 3 months were surveyed by call and analyzed. RESULT: Among 574 cases, 472 cases passed both TEOAE and AABR hearing screening while admission. While 102 cases had abnormal test results in either screening test. Thirty-three cases returned for follow-up, 13 of which passed rescreening test one month after discharge, the other 20 cases had ABR diagnostic tests after 3 months. Among them, 8 cases had normal hearing, 12 cases had various degree of hearing loss. Sixty-nine cases lost follow-up. The reason of lost follow-up was as follows, parents changed phone number/contact information, parents didn't understand the screening results, parents believe that their children having no need for further testing; parents had retest in other hospitals, parents didn't pay attention to hearing loss because of other severe complicated comorbidities. CONCLUSION The passing rate (normal) of TEOAE and AABR hearing screening in NICU was 82.2%, non- passing rate wass 17.8%, and the prevalence of hearing loss was high in those followed cases. Hyperbilirubinemia was the main risk factors of hearing loss in our NICU patients. We reviewed the reason for high rate (67.6%) of losing follow-up.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; statistics & numerical data ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Male ; Neonatal Screening ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the stability of immunophenotyping in the course of relapse or at treatment failure of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and that of immunophenotyping of positive minimal residual disease(MRD).Methods From Aug.2000 to Dec.2007,33 children with ALL who relapsed or treated failure were enrolled. These children were detected MRD by flow cytometry. The immunophenotyping of children who relapsed or treated failure were compared with that of initial therapy;the immunophenotyping of MRD relapsed was compared with that of initial therapy.Results 1.In 23 out of 27 cases (85.18%) with B-ALL,changed at least 1 antigen between diagnosis and relapse.Six children with CD45 down-modulation and 2 children with CD45 up-modulation.Two children with CD19 down-modulation and 1 child with CD19 up-modulation.Six children with CD34 down-modulation and 4 children with CD34 up-modulation. Five children with CD10 down-modulation and 7 children with CD10 up-modulation.2.Six children with T-ALL had the same expression in CD45 between relapse and treatment failure. 3.These were 15 children had the least 1 case MRD,25 cases MRD were detected,these was 1 case up-modulation in CD45,1 case down-modulation in CD19,2 cases up-modulation and 8 cases down-modulation in CD34,3 cases up-modulation and 6 cases down-modulation in CD10.Conclusions Immunophenotyping of children with ALL may change at relapse and treatment failure. The frequency of change in B-ALL is higher than that of in T-ALL,but the change can not impact the detection of MRD.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect of microsurgical vasoepididymostomy and/or vasovasostomy in the treatment of obstructive azoospermia.

METHODSThis study included 76 patients with obstructive azoospermia, 53 treated by bilateral vasoepididymostomy (8 involving the epididymal head, 18 involving the epididymal body, 5 involving the epididymal tail, and 22 involving the epididymal head, body and tail), 14 by unilateral vasoepididymostomy, and the other 9 by unilateral vasoepididymostomy + unilateral vasovasostomy (including cross anastomosis). We followed up the patients for 2 to 16 months for the patency rate, routine semen parameters, and pregnancy outcomes.

RESULTSThe success rate of bilateral vasoepididymostomy, unilateral vasoepididymostomy, and unilateral vasoepididymostomy + unilateral vasovasostomy (including cross anastomosis) were 62.26% (33/53), 35.71% (5/14), and 77.78% (7/9), respectively. The average sperm concentrations in the three groups of patients were (27.9 +/- 5.74), (11.8 +/- 8.33), and (19.9 +/- 7.53) x 10(6)/ml, the average total sperm counts were (65.6 +/- 13.71), (28.0 +/- 15.86), and (69.2 +/- 28.59) x 10(6), and the mean rates of progressively motile sperm were (22.3 +/- 3.18), (11.0 +/- 9.77), and (15.8 +/- 5.05)%, respectively. The success rates of bilateral vasoepididymostomy that involved the epididymal head, body, tail, and all the three parts were 62.5, 72.22, 60, and 54.55%, respectively. Natural pregnancy was achieved in 8 (10.53%) of the total number of cases.

CONCLUSIONMicrosurgery is effective for the treatment obstructive azoospermia. Unilateral vasoepididymostomy + unilateral vasovasostomy is superior to the other procedures, followed by bilateral vasoepididymostomy. Bilateral vasoepididymostomy involving the epididymal body may achieve a slightly better effect than that involving the other epididymal parts.

Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Azoospermia ; etiology ; surgery ; Epididymis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; surgery ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Sperm Count ; Treatment Outcome ; Vas Deferens ; surgery ; Vasovasostomy ; methods

Objective To explore the protocol that induced marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiating into islet-secreting cells in vitro and to provide new clues for the sources of islet transplantation.Methods Using a defined culture medium and technique for transdifferentiation, MSCs from adult SD rats were guided into specific insulin-secreting cells. The expressions of nestin and islet-specific hormones and proteins, such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx-1) were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence cytochemistry staining before and after induction. The expressions of pancreatic islet cell differentiation-related transcripts, such as nestin, insulin 1, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT 2), Isl-1, Pdx-1, Pax-4 and Pax-6 were detected by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). In addition, the quantity of insulin secretion was examined using radioimmunoassay. Results Five hours after induction, (44.6±7.3)% of differentiated MSCs expressed nestin and it increased to (61.8±8.4)% 24 hs after induction, but the expression of nestin almost disappeared at day 14. In the meantime, islet-like cellular clusters appeared after day 14 and became more apparent by day 28. Differentiated cells were found to be immunoreactive to insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and Pdx-1, and expressed insulin 1, GLUT 2, GK, Isl-1, PDX-1, Pax-4, Pax-6 mRNA. In addition, the results of cumulative quantities of insulin of 24 hs and the stimulation index showed that differentiated cells were able to produce insulin at higher levels, and displayed glucose-dependent insulin release in vitro. Conclusions Adult rat MSCs can be differentiated into insulin-secreting cells in vitro. This approach might lead to widespread cell replacement therapy for Type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVETo observe a turning performance in the rats excited by using a proper electrical stimuli of the barrel cortex region (BC), and the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the BC regions after electoral stimulation.

METHODSSD rats were divided into three groups. The stimulation electrodes were surgically implanted into the bilateral BC regions in the control group and the experimental group rats. The experiment group post surgery for seven days was given the electrical impulses via connection with the electrodes for three times each day through consecutive three days. Three groups of the rats were killed and the brains were quickly removed for frozen sections and then performed with conventional HE and immunohistochemistry staining. And protein samples were prepared from brain and the hippocampus tissues of the three groups to detect the level of the ChAT protein by Western blot.

RESULTSThe experimental rats turn left or right when continuously stimulation in the bilateral BC regions with electric pulse. HE staining showed no significant damage around electrodes in the cerebral cortex. Compared with the control and blank groups, the ChAT positive rate in the brain section in the experimental rats was significantly high by immunohistochemistry assay; the level of the ChAT protein in the rats given the electrical stimulation increased.

CONCLUSIONTurnings performance of the rat could be initiated hy electrical stimuli in the BC region. Expression of ChAT is significantly higher in the BC regions of rat under electrical stimulation, suggesting that acetylcholine might be associated with signal transmission between senses and movement behavior in the nervous central system.

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the clinical effect of sequential therapeutic intervention Yupei Qisun [compensating for weakness by invigorating Kidney (Shen) and Spleen (Pi) in advance] in Chinese medicine (CM) and hysteroscopic endometrial mechanical stimulation on the treatment of infertile patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF); and to study the differences in patients' endometrial thickness and type on the day of embryo transfer, serum hormone levels on embryo transfer day and clinical pregnancy outcomes.

METHODSIn the clinical study, 168 frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles for couples with RIF conforming to the research protocol were randomly divided into three groups: a CM group with 56 cycles (CM combined with FET), a hysteroscopy group with 55 cycles (hysteroscopic endometrial mechanical stimulation), and a control group with 57 cycles (conventional FET). Differences in endometrial thickness on the embryo transfer day, levels of serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) on the embryo transfer day, the E2/P ratio on the embryo transfer day, biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates, implantation rate, abnormal pregnancy rate and other indices were compared among the three groups.

RESULTSEndometrial thickness, E2 and P levels, and the E2/P ratio on embryo transfer day and other factors had no significant differences among groups. The biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and implantation rates of the CM and hysteroscopy groups were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences between these two groups. The abnormal pregnancy rate had no significant difference among the three groups.

CONCLUSIONSSequential therapy of Yupei Qisun could significantly improve the clinical outcomes of rif-fet cycles, being equivalent to hysteroscopic endometrial mechanical stimulation, and provided a reliable method to treat such infertile couples.

Abortion, Habitual ; therapy ; Adult ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Loss ; therapy ; Embryo Transfer ; Endometrium ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy ; Infertility, Female ; pathology ; therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Physical Stimulation ; methods ; Pregnancy ; Retreatment ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo analyze the prevalence trend, prevalence characteristics and influence factors of Japanese B Encephalitis (JE) in Henan province.

METHODSThe data that of 64 401 JE patients in Henan from 1980 to 2008 were statistically analyzed by SPSS12.0 and EXCEL2003 software. Luoshan, Xinan, Xihua, Deng county and Hua county were chosen as monitoring sites. The mosquito specimens were gathered with the artificial hour method and the mosquito curtain method, the mosquito density was calculated one time each ten day period from May to July. At the same time, 30-40 newborn pig blood samples were gathered each ten-day period and the pig serum JE IgG antibody was detected by ELISA method.

RESULTSThe Cumulative incidence of JE was 64 401 cases in Henan province from 1998 to 2008, the range of incidence rate was from 0.34/100 000 (315/93 599 969) to 6.72/100 000 (5246/78 076 567); The average incidence of JE was 4.39/100 000 (3530/80 381 469) from 1980 to 1994; The average incidence of JE was 0.86/100 000 (811/94 217 549) from 1995 to 2008; In 2008, the incidence rate reached the lowest point for 0.34/100 000 (315/93 599 969); The incidence occurred mainly in July-September, accounting for 89.40% of the total cases (57 572/64 401); the patients were concentrated mainly in 5 cities, which were Xinyang, Nanyang, Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Luoyang, accounting for 81.02% (52 175/64 401). The 0 - 14 years old age group was the dominant group (79.01%, 50 884/64 401). In Luoyang city, incidence of >/= 15 years old group was significantly increased (57.83%, 2120/3666), the constitution of JE incidence were significantly different between 0 - 14 years old group and >/= 15 years old age group (chi(2) = 2705.32, P < 0.05) in Henan province and Luoyang city. The different density of the mosquitoes and the different positive-times for 50% of the antibodies of JE in piglets on the monitor sites showed the intensity of JE disease.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of JE showed a decreasing trend, seasonal, regional characteristics and age distribution difference in Henan province. The monitoring of host animal pig JE antibody level and the medium mosquito density may forecast the JE prevalence tendency. To control the incidence in the younger groups in Henan province, older age group in Luoyang city and high-incidence areas, it is important to strengthen the monitoring and forecasting measures to prevent JE in Henan province.

Adolescent ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Culicidae ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Environmental Monitoring ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Population Surveillance ; Swine ; Universal Precautions

OBJECTIVE: To establish a simple, sensitive in vitro method to evaluate oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced injury of brain hippocampal slices in rats. METHODS: Rat hippocampal slices were incubated in 2% 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) solution after oxygen/glucose deprivation. They were then soaked in a measured volume of ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide (50:50) to extract the TTC formazan Product which was then measured by spectrophotometry. OGD induced LDH release was simultaneously measured. RESULTS: Progressive prolongation of OGD induced hippocampal injury resulted in decreased formazan coloration as determined by spectrophotometry. There was a parallel increase in LDH release, thus a negative correlation in these two products was noted. (r=-0.933,P <0.01). The injury was attenuated in the brain slices pre-treated with nimodipine, dexamethasone, and ketamine, but not ONO-1078. CONCLUSION: Solvent extraction and spectrophotometric quantification of formazan represents an objective measurement of OGD-induced injury of rat hippocampal slices.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Han Chinese children and Val158Met polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene caused by the missense mutation of G158A in exon 4.

METHODSBy using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms the Val158Met polymorphism of COMT gene was tested in 117 children with the diagnosis of ADHD as defined by DSM-IV and in 105 healthy controls living in Shanghai.

RESULTSThe frequencies of A allele were 25.21% and 23.81% in the ADHD group and the health controls respectively, which showed no significant difference between the two groups (Chi2=0.5197, P>0.05). There was also no significant difference in the distribution of all genotypes of COMT gene between the ADHD patients and the controls (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONIt was suggested that for the Han Chinese children with ADHD in this study, there was no association between ADHD and Val158Met polymorphism of COMT gene.

Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; enzymology ; genetics ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase ; genetics ; Child ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide