Aimed at problems in current audio-visual-oral English teaching for medical students,such as the inconsistency between teaching materials and training objectives,the lack of flexibility and effectiveness in teaching methods and inadequacy of comprehensiveness and objectiveness in assessment methods,the paper analyses and explores audio-visual-oral medical English teaching in three aspects,namely teaching curriculum-setting up topic for each unit based on the contents of medical courses and designing various teaching tasks according to three-step procedure of extensive listening-intensive listening-derivative discussion,teaching methods-adopting pictorial method in teaching medical English vocabulary,macro-micro listening method and interpretation for imitation method,and assessment methods-applying a combination of formative assessment and summative assessment.

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; analysis

Objective To explore the intervention effect of cathepsin B inhibitor (CBI) and its signaling pathways after flurothyl inducing brain injury in rats with recurrent seizures. Methods 6-day-old (P6) SD rats were randomly divided into: recurrent neonatal seizure group ( RS group, n = 30), CBI-treated seizure group ( CBI group, n=30) and the control group( CONT group). Rats in RS group were subjected to 5 seizures with flurothyl during the first 14 days of life. In CBI group,CBI was injected each day before seizures were induced. Then examined development indexes such as the physical growth, neural reflex, neural behavior and cognitive emotional competence. Western blot was employed to determine Cathepsin B expression at different time points ( 1.5h,3h,6h,24h and P35) after the last convulsion. Results The weights of rats in RS group( (27.28 ± 1.6) kg) were lighter than CONT group( ( 33.45 ± 1.57 ) kg). They had significant difference (P＜ 0.01 ) at the age of p14. The time of cliff avoidance in RS group( (2. 10 ± 1.45 ) s) was longer than CBI group( ( 1.05 ± 0. 32) s). It showed a statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05 ) in p12. In the open-field behavior test: the activities of RS group (20.00 ± 13.08 )were markedly reduced than CONT group ( 57.83 ± 33.22 ) in the horizontal movements, the RS group ( 2.50 ±2.43 ) were significantly decreased than the CONT group and CB1 group( ( 22.17 ± 10.74), (9.33 ± 5.39 ) ) in the vertical motions (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Cathepsin-B expression in RS group( 1.5h, 3h,6h and 24h )was significantly higher than that at the same time in CONT group(P＜ 0. 05 ). Cathepsin-B expression of CBI group was significantly decreased compared with that in RS group (P＜ 0. 05 ) at the time point (1.5h ,3h,6h and 24h). There were no significant differences among three groups at P35(P＞0.05 ). Conclusions CBI can improve brain injury and regulate the expression of abnormal molecules.

Objective To explore the dynamic expressions of autophagia and apoptosis associated protein Beclin-1, Cathepsin B and Bcl-2 in hippocampus and the intervention efficacy of cathepsin-B inhibitor (CBI) after recurrent neonatal seizure. Method Ninty 6-day-old SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into the recurrent neonatal seizure group (RS group, n = 30), CBI-treated seizure group (CBI group, n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). Rats in RS group were subjected to 55 attacks of seizure induced by using flurothyl during the consecutive 9 days beginning on the 6 th postnatal day (P6). In CBI group, CBI (2 μL, 0.5 μg/μL) was administered every day before seizures induced. Western blot was employed to determine the protein level at different intervals (1.5 h,3 h,6 h,24 h) after the last convulsion.Results There were higher expressions of Beclin-1 and Cathepsin B, and lower expressions of Bcl-2 expression in RS group(1. 5 h,3 h,6 h and 24 h) than those at the same time in control group (P ＜ 0.05). Beclin1 and Cathepsin B expressions were lower while Bcl-2 expressions were higher in CBI group at the intervals of 1.5 h,3 h,6 h and 24 h compared with those in RS group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conciusions Autophagic and apoptotic pathways were activated immediately after recurrent neonatal seizures as indicated by expression changes of Beclin-1, Cathepsin B and Bcl-2 in hippocampus, which suggests a synergistic effect of the two pathways in the pathophysiology of the long-term brain damage of neonateε resulted from the adverse effects of recurrent neonatal seizures.

Targeting characteristic information processing of TCM pulse diagnosis, this article studied the application of fuzzy mathematics in objectifying pulse diagnosis. By analyzing limitations of traditional analytic methods, this article offered the scientific evidence of using mathematical algorithm in pulse diagnosis. At the same time, combined with actual clinical data, it also verified the correctness of introduction mathematical algorithm in TCM pulse diagnosis.

Objective To establilsh the quality standard for Qingfei Yihuo tablet. Methods TLC was performed to identify Sophora flavescens Ait, Peucedani and Cortex Phellodendri. HPLC was used to determine Baicalin. ODS column was used. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water-phosphoric acid (47∶53∶0.2). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and column temperature was at 25 ℃. The detecting wave length was at 280 nm. Results The characteristic for identification by TLC was distinct and hightly specific. Baicalin could be determined by HPLC. The linearity of Baicalin was good in the range of 0.163～0.975 ?g (r=0.999 9). The average recovery of Baicalin was 97.43% and RSD was 1.97% (n=6). Conclusion The methods of identification and quantification is simple and reproducible. It can be used effectively for the quality control of Qingfei Yihuo table.

Objective To establish a method for determination of total hardness in drinking water by using automatic potentiometric titrator.Methods Dynamic equivalence point titration(DET)and monotonic equivalence point titration(MET)mode was used to determine the high total hardness and low total hardness of drinking water samples respectively.Results Used DET mode to determine the high total hardness,the relative standard deviation(RSD)was 0.69%～1.72% and the recovery rate was 101.5%～102.2%.Used MET mode to determine the low total hardness,RSD was 3.49%～4.00% and the recovery rate was 95.8%- 103.6%.Conclusion This method is rapid,simple,accurate,precise and applicable to the determination of total hardness in drinking water in low and high levels.

Objective To investigate the preventive effects of anti-viral therapy in combination with transcatheter arteria chemoembolization (TACE) on recurrence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after operation. Methods According to selection standards, 49 patients treated in this hospital from January 2003 to June 2009 were enrolled in this study and divided into a control group and combined group.The cumulative tumor-free survival rate, cumulative survival rate, the 1-, 2- and 3-year recurrence rates and cumulative recurrence rates were determined in all the patients and compared between the 2 groups. Results The cumulative tumor-free survival rate and cumulative survival rate were significantly higher in the combined group than in the control group (P=0. 019, 0. 008). The 1-, 2-, and 3-recurrence rates were 24% vs. 38.9%, 28% vs. 33.3%, and 28% vs. 22.2% in the combined group and control group, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year cumulative recurrence rates were 24% vs. 38. 9%, 52% vs. 72. 2%, and 80% vs.94. 4% in the combined group and control group, respectively. Conclusion Anti-viral therapy in combination with TACE can exert significant preventive effects on recurrence of HBV-related HCC after operation.

Objective To observe the numerical characteristics of dendritic cells (DC),the DC subsets(myeloid dendritic cell,MDC; plasmacytoid dendritic cell,PDC) and CD4+ CD25 + CD127low/-Tr cells in peripheral blood of Graves disease (GD) patients.Methods According to the clinical manifestations and serum FT3,FT4 and TSH,the GD patients were divided into the untreated-group,the clinical remission group and the clinical stable group,and set normal control group as well.The flow cytometry was used to detect DC and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells of the percentage of CD4+ T cells in subjects peripheral blood(EDTA-K2 anticoagulated).The indicators were compared among various groups,and the correlation between the indicators with serum FT3,FT4 and TSH were observed.Results (1) In the untreated-group,the clinical remission group,the clinical stable group,and normal control group,total DCs,MDCs and MDC/PDC gradually declined,untreated-group has a significant difference from the other three groups also the significant difference was found among other three groups; (2) In the untreated-group,the clinical remission group,the clinical stable group,and normal control group,PDCs declined successively,but only the difference was found between untreated-group and normal control group; (3)In the untreated-group,the clinical remission group,the clinical stable group,and normal control group,CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells gradually raised,but only the difference between untreated-group and normal control group make sense; (4)In the untreated-group,PDCs and CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells have a certain relevance; (5)There was good correlation between DCs and serum FT3,FT4 and TSH,but CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells only have correlation with FT3 and FT4.Conclusion DC,MDC,MDC/PDC increased in the untreated-GD patients,and decreased after the therapy of anti-thyroid.Therefore,DCs and the DC subsets are expected to be used to monitor GD in the course of disease.CD4+CD25+CD127low/-Tr cells can be used as a new indicator of the onset of GD.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect of atorvastatin in patients with soft carotid atherosclerotic plaques using contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).Methods Sixty patients with acute cerebral infarction and soft carotid atherosclerotic plaques were divided into two groups:high-dose atorvastatin treatment group(40 mg daily)and control group without atorvastatin treatment.The same soft carotid plaque in each patient was examined before and after 3-months'treatment respectively using CEUS.The parameters of CEUS were compared between pretherapy and post-treatment,including arrived time (AT),time to peak(TTP),peak intensity(PI),based intensity(BI)and enhanced intensity(EI,EI=PI-BI).Results EI of carotid plaques in treatment group was decreased significantly than that in control group after three months'treatment(P＜0.05).While the difference of EI in control group has no significance between pre-therapy and post-treatment(P＞0.05). Conclusions The neovascularization in soft carotid plaques was reduced after 3-months'treatment of a high dose atorvastatin.CEUS can be used to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin in treatment of soft carotid plaques.